Question

【題目】(2015·上海）Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. access B. alternatives C. designed D. confirmed E. conflicting F. elements
G. function H. innovative I. prospective J. separate K. supporting
Considering how much time people spend in effects, it is important that with A be well designed. Well-designed office spaces help create a corporation’s image. They motivate workers and they make an impression on people who visit and might be potential, or , customers. They make business work better, and they are a part of the corporate culture to live in.
As we move away from an industrial-based economy to a knowledge-based one, office designers come up with to the traditional work environments of the past. The design industry has moved away from a fixed office setup and created more flexible “strategic management environments.” These solutions are meant to support better organizational performance.
As employee hierarchies （等級制度）have flattened or decreased, office designers’ response to this change has been to move open-plan areas to more desirable locations within the office and create fewer formal private offices. The need for increased flexibility has also been by changes in workstation design. Office and work spaces often are not to a given person on a permanent basis. Because of changes to methods of working, new design allow for expansion or movement of desks, storage, and equipment within the workplace. Another important design goal is communication, which designers have improved by breaking the walls that workstations. Designers have also created informal gathering places and upgraded employees’ to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.
Corporate and institutional office designers often struggle to resolve a number of competing and often demands, including budgetary limits, employees hierarchies and technological innovation (especially in relation to computerization). These demands must also be balanced with the need to create interiors (內(nèi)飾) that in some way enhance, establish or possess a company’s image and will enable employees to and their best.
All these of office design are related. The most successful office designs are like good marriage—the well-designed office and the employees that occupy it are seemingly made for each other.

Answer 1

【答案】I. prospective；B . alternatives；H. innovative；D.confirmed；C. designed；J. separate；A. access；E. conflicting；G. function；F. elements
【解析】1. 根據(jù)劃線部分前面的單詞potential （形容詞，潛在的）和or（表并列，意為或者），可以知道答案是一個形容詞且意思和潛在的是相近的。結(jié)合備選答案及單詞意思，只有prospective （adj. 未來的; 預(yù)期的; 可能的; 有希望的;）符合。
2. 本句的句意是隨著我們從以工業(yè)為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)移到知識為基礎(chǔ)的經(jīng)濟，辦公室設(shè)計者已經(jīng)想出了一些替代傳統(tǒng)工作環(huán)境的事物。根據(jù)劃線部分前后的介詞可以知道該空應(yīng)該填一個名詞。在備選答案中是名詞的選項有三個，分別是alternatives(adj.替代的;另類的;備選的;其他的:n可供選擇的
事物)，elements(成分;原理，基礎(chǔ);要素)，function(n.功能，作用, 應(yīng)變量，函數(shù);職務(wù)二重大聚會;)。結(jié)合句意，不難得出答案。
3. 根據(jù)劃線部分后面的名詞solutions（解決辦法）可以知道該空應(yīng)該是填一個形容詞，又根據(jù)劃線部分前面的代詞These可以知道，后面所說的內(nèi)容其實是指代前一句話的內(nèi)容“設(shè)計工廠已經(jīng)把一個固定的辦公室轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋�創(chuàng)造性地靈活環(huán)境”。備選答案中能夠和創(chuàng)造性同義的詞就只有這個選項innovative革新的.
4. 根據(jù)劃線部分前面的has also been以及劃線部分后面的by changes，這是典型的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)形式have/has been done by sth.所以可以知道答案選項應(yīng)該是過去分詞形式。備選的答案有assigned（分派）；confirmed（確認(rèn)），根據(jù)句意可以知道答案是confirmed.
5. 根據(jù)劃線部分前面的are及主語offices and work spaces (物作主語)，也可以判斷該題應(yīng)該是過去分詞形式，表被動。結(jié)合上一題(第4題)剩下的備選答案，通過語意判斷，該句表達(dá)的是辦公室及工作空間不是分派給一個人永久使用。所以答案為assigned.
6. 該句意為另一個重要的設(shè)計目標(biāo)就是交流，這意味著設(shè)計者已經(jīng)通過降低分割工作空間的墻來改善。根據(jù)劃線部分前面的that以及前面的二:，可以判斷這是一個定語從句，修飾墻。再根據(jù)句意中的交流，不能得出答案是分割的;separate.
7. 根據(jù)劃線部分前面的employees'這個名詞所有格及劃線部分后的介詞，可以知道這個空格要填名詞形式。如果從搭配的角度來看，基本可以確定答案為access, access to 的意思是進入。如果按照意思來排除，也可以知道答案是access。本句意為“設(shè)計者也創(chuàng)造了一個非正式的聚會地方，同時也更新了員工進入如復(fù)印室和咖啡屋之類的地方�！�
8. 根據(jù)劃線部分前面的結(jié)構(gòu)competing(競爭的)and，可以知道，空格應(yīng)該填寫一個和competing結(jié)構(gòu)上相同(動名詞形式)，意思是相近的。在備選答案中，動名詞的形式有兩個: conflicting(相矛盾的，沖突的)和supporting(支持的)。綜合分析，conflicting才是和competing才是答案。
9. 本句意為“這種要求要注意均衡內(nèi)飾的需要和使得員工起到最好的作用，內(nèi)飾在一定程度上，可以加強，建立或促進公司的形象。”根據(jù)劃線部分前面的to，結(jié)合搭配enable sb to do sth可以知道空格填動詞形式，而且是原形。到現(xiàn)在的備選答案只有function，所以答案就是它了。另外，要注意function可以做不及物動詞動詞及名詞。
10. 根據(jù)劃線部分的前面是these，后面是of可以知道空格要填的是一個名詞形式。再根據(jù)these 的指代作用，知道這個名詞應(yīng)該是一個還有概括意義的詞。綜合上面的題目，剩下的備選答案是elements（要素）和supporting（支持），其中supporting 詞性不對，這也表明supporting是多余的那種選項。所以答案是elements. 本句意為“所有的這些辦公室要素都有關(guān)聯(lián)”.