Question

Young children whose mothers talk with them more frequently and in more detail about people’s thoughts and feelings tend to be better at taking another person’s perspective（觀點(diǎn)）than other children of the same age.
That’s what researchers from the University of Western Australia found in a new study published in the journal Child Development.
“Parents who frequently put themselves in someone else’s shoes in conversations with their children make it more likely their children will be able to do the same,” said lead author Brad Farrant.
Researchers of the UWA’s Telethon Institute for Child Health Research looked at the influence of how parents interact with their children to learn more about how people develop the ability to take another’s perspective.
The two-year study involved more than 120 Australian children aged between four and six, including children with typically developing language and others delayed in language acquisition（習(xí)得）.
The children completed tasks which were designed to assess their language skills, ability to infer others’ beliefs and use these to predict others’ behavior, and their ability to shift flexibly between different perspectives.
Among children with typically developing language, the researchers found that mothers who talked more often and in greater detail about people’s thoughts and feelings — commenting on how another person might react to a particular situation as well as their own feelings about the topic — had children with better language skills and better perspective-taking skills.
Children with delayed language acquisition were also delayed in their development of perspective-taking skills. This displays the role played by language as children develop the ability to take another’s perspective.
“Solving the many challenges that the world faces today requires us all to get better at taking the perspective of other people,” said Brad Farrant.
【小題1】According to the text, to help children gain better perspective-taking skills, parents should __________.

A．give their children more chances to express themselves

B．talk more with their children about people’s feelings

C．encourage their children to guess other people’s thoughts

D．spend more time playing with their children

【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE about the study?

A．Over one hundred American children took part in it.

B．All the children had delayed in language acquisition.

C．The children in the study were around five years old.

D．Mothers helped their children to complete the tasks.

【小題3】Which have an effect on the development of children’s perspective-taking skills?

A．The surrounding environments.	B．Mother’s perspectives.
C．Personal characters.	D．Language skills.

【小題4】In the last paragraph, Brad Farrant __________.

A．stressed the importance of perspective-taking skills

B．expressed his concern about the world’s challenges

C．showed how to take the perspective of other people

D．explained why other people’s opinions are important

【小題5】According to the text, we can learn __________.

A．parents should talk to their children frequently no matter how old their children are

B．it was Brad Farrant who wrote the study in Child Development herself

C．the only way to improve language skill is talking to children more often

D．parents who are always thinking about others will help their children do the same way

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】D
【小題4】A
【小題5】D

解析試題分析：本文講述了父母親經(jīng)常和孩子們講述別人的觀點(diǎn)和想法的孩子們能夠有更好的理解能力，文章通過一份研究報(bào)告進(jìn)行了闡述說明。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)題。從Young children whose mothers talk with them more frequently and in more detail about people’s thoughts and feelings tend to be better at taking another person’s perspective（觀點(diǎn)）than other children of the same age.可知父母親應(yīng)該經(jīng)常和孩子們談?wù)撊藗兊母星�，故選B
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章The two-year study involved more than 120 Australian children aged between four and six,可知，參加研究的孩子們的年齡大概在5歲左右，故選C
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)題。從This displays the role played by language as children develop the ability to take another’s perspective.可知語言技能對(duì)孩子們的理解能力很重要，故選D
【小題4】推斷題。從“Solving the many challenges that the world faces today requires us all to get better at taking the perspective of other people,” said Brad Farrant.
可知信息的理解能力是非常重要的，故選A
【小題5】推斷題。從文章Parents who frequently put themselves in someone else’s shoes in conversations with their children make it more likely their children will be able to do the same,可知總是想著別人的父母親，他們的孩子也會(huì)這樣做，put oneself in sb's shoes設(shè)身處地，故選D
考點(diǎn)：社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類說明文
點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章有一定的難度，，學(xué)生在答題中一定要認(rèn)真細(xì)致的作答以求全對(duì)。對(duì)于此類說明文的文章一定要將文章仔細(xì)的閱讀完并理解，結(jié)合題目通過題目的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行定位，分析好句子的意思，即可得出答案。