Question

Most mornings, the line begins to form at dawn: scores of silent women with babies on their backs, buckets balanced on their heads, and in each hand a bright-blue plastic jug. On good days, they will wait less than an hour before a water tanker goes across the dirt path that serves as a road in Kesum Purbahari, a slum on the southern edge of New Delhi. On bad days, when there is no electricity for the pumps, the tankers don’t come at all. “That water kills people,” a young mother named Shoba said one recent Saturday morning, pointing to a row of pails filled with thick, caramel (焦糖)-colored liquid. “Whoever drinks it will die.” The water was from a pipe shared by thousands of people in the poor neibourhood. Women often use it to wash clothes and bathe their children, but no­body is desperate enough to drink it.

　　There is no standard for how much water a person needs each day, but ex­perts usually put the minimum at fifty li­tres. The government of India promises (but rarely provides) forty. Most people drink two or three litres—less than it takes to wash a toilet. The rest is typically used for cooking and bathing. Americans consume between four hundred and six hundred litres of water each day, more than any other people on earth. Most Europeans use less than half that. The women of Kesum Purbahari each hoped to drag away a hundred litres that day—two or three buckets’ worth. Shoba has a husband and five children, and that much water doesn’t go far in a family of seven, particularly when the temperature reaches a hundred and ten degrees before noon. She often makes up the difference with bottled water, which costs more than water delivered any other way. Sometimes she just buys milk; it’s cheaper. Like the poorest people every­where, the people of New Delhi’s slums spend a far greater percentage of their incomes on water than anyone lucky enough to live in a house connected to a system of pipes.

1.The underlined word “slum” most likely means ______.

A. a village

B. a small town

C. the part of a town that lacks water badly

D. an area of a town with badly-built, over-crowded buildings

2.Sometimes the water tanker doesn’t come because ______.

A. there is no electricity             B. the weather is bad

C. there is no water            D. people don’t want the dirty water

3.A person needs at least ________ litres of water a day.

A. forty           B. four hundred         C. a hundred      D. fifty

4.The passage mainly tells us ______.

A. how India government manages to solve the problem of water gets their water

B. how women in Kesum Purbahari

C. how much water a day a person deeds

D. that India lacks water badly

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.D

【解析】

試題分析：文章大意：文章介紹印度的嚴(yán)重缺水問(wèn)題，具體的例舉了一些缺水的情況，讓讀者更加了解印度缺水的嚴(yán)重性和政府的不作為。

1.猜詞題：從選項(xiàng)上看：A、B、C 可以指貧窮地區(qū)，也可以指富裕地區(qū)，但根據(jù)第1 段的On good days, they will wait less than an hour before a water tanker goes across the dirt path that serves as a road in Kesum Purbahari, a slum on the southern edge of New Delhi.及第2 段的最后一句Like the poorest people every­where, the people of New Delhi’s slums spend a far greater percentage of their incomes on water than anyone lucky enough to live in a house connected to a system of pipes.可以知道 slum 指的更可能是貧窮地區(qū)，D選項(xiàng)比較接近這個(gè)意思，因此D應(yīng)該是最佳答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第1 段的On bad days, when there is no electricity for the pumps, the tankers don’t come at all.可以知道是沒(méi)有電的時(shí)候，水車就不來(lái)了，A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第2 段的“…but experts usually put the minimum at fifty litres”可以知道一個(gè)人一天需要的最少的水量是50升，D選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

4.主旨大意題。第2 段第2 句是該文的主題句，說(shuō)明這篇文章講的是印度的缺水嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，D 選項(xiàng)與主題句的意思一致，因此是正確選項(xiàng)。B C，選項(xiàng)是細(xì)節(jié)信息，用于村托印度缺水的現(xiàn)象；A選項(xiàng)則完全與文章的意思相反，因此均可排除。

考點(diǎn)：考查社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類短文