Photos that you might have found down the back of your sofa are now big business!
In 2005, the American artist Richard Prince’s photograph of a photograph, entitled (Cowboy), was sold for $ 1, 248, 000.
Prince is certainly not the only contemporary artist to have worked with so-called “found photographs”—a loose term given to everything from discarded(丟棄的) prints discovered in a junk shop to old advertisements or amateur photographs from a stranger’s family album. The German artist Joachim Schmid, who believes “basically everything is worth looking at”, has gathered discarded photographs, postcards and newspaper images since 1982. In his on-going project, Archiv, he groups photographs of family life according to themes: people with dogs; teams; new cars; dinner with the family; and so on.
Like Schmid, the editors of several self-published art magazines also champion (捍衛(wèi)) found photographs. One of them, called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper(雨刷) an angry note intended for someone else: “Why’s your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard’s addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such as a poster discovered in your drawer.
The whole found-photograph phenomenon has raised some questions. Perhaps one of the most difficult is: can these images really be considered as art? And if so, whose art? Yet found photographs produced by artists, such as Richard Prince, may raise endless possibilities. What was the cowboy in Prince’s Untitled doing? Was he riding his horse hurriedly to meet someone? Or how did Prince create this photograph? It’s anyone’s guess. In addition, as we imagine the back-story to the people in the found photographs artists, like Schmid, have collated (整理), we also turn toward our own photographic albums. Why is memory so important to us? Why do we all seek to freeze in time the faces of our children, our parents, our lovers, and ourselves? Will they mean anything to anyone after we’ve gone?
In the absence of established facts, the vast collections of found photographs give our minds an opportunity to wander freely. That, above all, is why they are so fascinating.
小題1:The first paragraph of the passage is used to _________.
A．remind readers of found photographs
B．a(chǎn)dvise reader to start a new kind of business
C．a(chǎn)sk readers to find photographs behind sofa
D．show readers the value of found photographs
小題2:The underlined word “them” in Para 4 refers to __________.
A．the readersB．the editors
C．the found photographsD．the self-published magazines
小題3:By asking a series of questions in Para 5, the author mainly intends to indicate that ________.
A．memory of the past is very important to people
B．found photographs allow people to think freely
C．the back-story of found photographs is puzzling
D．the real value of found photographs is questionable
小題4:The author’s attitude towards found photographs can be described as _________.
A．criticalB．doubtfulC．optimisticD．satisfied

小題1:D
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:C
略
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

During the summer holidays there will be a revised schedule of services for the students. Changes for dining-room and library service hours and for bus schedules will be posted on the wall outside of the dining-hall. Weekly film and concert schedules, which are being arranged, will be posted each Wednesday outside of the student club.
In the summer holidays, buses going to the town center will leave the main hall every hour on the half hour during the day. The dining-room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm during the week and two meals from noon to 7:00 pm on weekends. The library will continue its usual hours during the week, but have shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 pm.
All students who want to use the library borrowing services must have a new summer card. This announcement will also appear in the next week’s student newspaper.
小題1:The main purpose of this announcement is to ________.
A．tell students of important schedule changes
B．show the excellent services for students
C．tell students of new bus and library services
D．a(chǎn)sk students to renew their library cards
小題2:At which of the following times will the bus leave the main hall?
A．8:00, 9:00, 10:00, 11:00B．8:30, 9:30, 10:30, 11:30
C．8:30, 9:00, 9:30, 10:00D．8:00, 9:30, 11:00, 12:30
小題3:Times for films and concerts are not listed in this announcement because ________.
A．they are not to be announcedB．the full list is not ready
C．they are hard to arrangeD．the full list is too long
小題4: In the summer holidays, the library will have __________.
A．no special hours
B．special hours on weekdays
C．special hours on weekends
D．special hours both on weekdays and weekends
小題5:We may infer that during the summer holidays ________.
A．The library will continue its usual hours on weekdays
B．students will stay in the university
C．there will be a concert or film once a week
D．no breakfast will be served on weekends

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The island Fiji has always been around me in my life. My parents met in Fiji when my father was a teacher as a Peace Corps volunteer and my mother a student. They taught me about its people, culture, foods and religious beliefs.
At the age of two, I made my first trip across the Pacific Ocean to Fiji. My mother and I made that trip unexpectedly because my grandma was ill and longed to see her American granddaughter. Although I have few memories of that first trip, I do remember grandma braiding(編辮子) my hair every day. The brush gliding through my hair is a feeling I will treasure forever because she passed away soon. I returned to America when I was five years old. This time I had a brother, Martin, who was two.
I resisted my third trip to Fiji when I was 15, being a teenager who did not want to spend the summer away from friends. It was this trip, however, that made me realize that Fiji is not just a place to visit but a part of who I am. The smells and sounds and sights came back to me, but the best part was getting to know my relatives.
Vishal was one cousin I quickly bonded with(與…合拍). Born two days before me, I had only known him through pictures before. Though raised oceans apart in different cultures, we talked and laughed about everything from American sports to Fijian dancing. I was able to form close ties with all my cousins, and when I talk about them now, it’s as if I have known them my whole life. Spending time with them helped me understand the traditions and values my mother grew up with. Hospitality (熱情) and care and respect for family members are central values in Fijian culture.
I truly enjoyed learning about my roots during this trip. Fuji is just like a second home, and I will never forget the time I have spent there.
小題1:From the passage, we can learn that ______________________.
  1. the author’s parents had been classmates before
  2. the author had lived in Fiji for about five years
  3. the author had no memories of her grandma
  4. people value family in Fijian culture
小題2:The author resisted her third trip to Fiji because______________________.
  1. she didn’t want to separate from her brother
  2. she didn’t know her cousins there very well
  3. she didn’t want to separate from her American friends
  4. her grandma had passed away
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE about Vishal?
  1. He is younger than the author.
  2. The author had met him on her first trip to Fiji.
  3. He and the author had lots of common interests.
  4. He and the author held different opinions about Fijian culture.
小題4:What’s the best title for the passage?
A． My Trips to Fiji
B．Discovering My Fijian Origins
C．My Understanding of Fijian Culture
D．My Memories of Fiji

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Australia---The vote for euthanasia(安樂死)was finally taken at 3:45 this morning. After six months’ argument and final 16 hours’ hot debates, Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The bill was passed by the vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, the director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on through the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Hofsess says, “We posted it all day long, because this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It’s world history.”
The full import may take a while to understand. The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens trying to deal with its moral and practical meaning. Some have breathed sighs of relief, but others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste(匆忙,急忙) of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia — where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part — other states are going to consider making a similar law to for euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes(多米諾骨牌) to start falling.
Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death — probably by a deadly injection or pill — to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as incurably ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 year old Darwin man suffering from lung cancer, the law means he can get on with living without the fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.
小題1:According to the text ,which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Australia now is the only country in the world to pass the law of euthanasia.
B．All people in Australia don’t have the same positive attitude to euthanasia.
C．Many patients will ask their doctors for euthanasia because they are afraid of death.
D．According to the law, if a patient requests death, his or her wish will be met after 48 hours.
小題2:The underlined sentence in Para 2, “observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.” means that observers are waiting to see ___________.
A．the result of the game of dominoes.
B．that people’s attitude to euthanasia will be changed.
C．that the bill about euthanasia in Australia will come to an end.
D．the similar bills will be passed in other countries.
小題3:Australia was the first country to pass the bill of euthanasia, but not USA or Canada. Which one is NOT the reason ?
A．In Australia, the technology of extending life is advanced.
B．In Australia, it is easy to deal with the moral and practical meaning.
C．In Australia, old people take up great part in the population of the whole country.
D．Australians gradually realize suffering from a terrible disease is worse than immediate death.
小題4:It can be inferred from the text that _____________.
A．when Lloyd Nickson dies, he will face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia.
B．physicians and citizens in Australia share the same view on euthanasia.
C．other countries are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
D．under the bill, patients requesting death are sure to be injected by deadly medicine.
小題5:What’s the author’s attitude to euthanasia?
A．NegativeB．CriticalC．PositiveD．Doubtful

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The average college student in America spent an estimated seven hundred dollars on textbooks last year. The National Association of College Stores reported more than five billion dollars in sales of textbooks and course materials. Association spokesman Charles Schmidt says electronic textbooks now represent just two to three percent of sales. But he says that is expected to reach ten to fifteen percent by 2012. Online versions are now available for many of the most popular college textbooks. E-textbooks can cost half the price of a new print textbook. But students usually lose access after the end of the term. And the books cannot be placed on more than one device (裝置) so they are not easy to share.
So what do students think of e-textbooks? Administrators at Northwest Missouri State University wanted to find out. Earlier this year they tested them with five hundred students in twenty classes. The university is unusual. It not only provides laptop computers to all seven thousand of its full-time students. It does not require students to buy their textbooks either. They rent them to save money. The school aims to save even more by moving to e-textbooks. The students in the survey reported that downloading the books from the Internet was easy. They liked the idea of carrying lighter backpacks. And fifty-six percent said they were better able to find information. But most found that using e-textbooks did not change their study habits. And sixty percent felt they read more when they were reading on paper. In all, almost half the students said they still liked physical textbooks better. But the survey found that cost could be a big influence. Fifty-five percent said they would choose e-textbooks if using them meant their textbook rental fee would not increase. Roger Von Holzen heads the Center for Information Technology in Education at Northwest Missouri State. He tells us that administrators are disappointed with the e-textbooks now available because the majority are not interactive. He thinks growth will come when more digital books include video, activities, games and other ways to interact with the information. The technology is improving. But for now, most of the books are just words on a screen.
小題1:The passage mainly tells us about ________.
A．the development of e-textbooks
B．different attitudes towards e-textbooks
C．the sales of textbooks and course materials
D．the differences between e-textbooks and physical text-books
小題2:According to the survey, over half of the students think e-textbooks ________.
A．can be rented for less moneyB．help in finding more information
C．a(chǎn)re convenient to carry aroundD．help them do better in their lessons
小題3:It can be inferred from the passage that e-textbooks ________.
A．will replace physical textbooksB．a(chǎn)re available at any time
C．have a very bright futureD．still have a lot to improve

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority（優(yōu)先）it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities（復(fù)雜）of spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That’s why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: “ This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible（難以辨認(rèn)的）.” It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation（動(dòng)力）to seek improvement.
小題1:Teachers are different in their opinions about ___________.
A．the difficulties in teaching spelling
B．the role of spelling in general language development
C．the complexities of the basic writing skills
D．the necessity of teaching spelling
小題2: The expression “play safe” probably means ____________.
A．to write carefullyB．to do as the teachers say
C．to use dictionaries frequentlyD．to avoid using words one is not sure of
小題3: Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that___________.
A．students will be able to express their ideas more freely
B．students will have more confidence in writing
C．teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D．students will learn to be independent of teachers
小題4: The writer seems to think that the teacher’s judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is____________.
A．unfairB．reasonableC．foolishD．careless
小題5:The major point discussed in the passage is_____________.
A．the importance of developing writing skills
B．the complexities of spelling
C．the correct way of marking compositions
D．the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When middle-aged Alex gave up his job and made up his mind to become a self-employed writer, no one could tell surely whether he would succeed or not．He found a cold storage room in a building, set up a used typewriter and settled down to work．
After a year or so, however, Alex began to doubt himself．He found it was difficult to earn his living by selling what he wrote．But Alex determined to put his dream to the test-even though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure．This is the shadow land （虛幻世界） of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there．
One day Alex got a call, "We need an assistant, and we're paying $ 6,000 a year．" $ 6,000 was real money in 1960．It would enable Alex to get a nice apartment, a used car and more．Besides, he could write in his spare time．As the dollars were dancing in Alex's head, something cleared his senses．He had dreamed of being a fulltime writer．"Thanks, but no," Alex said firmly and swiftly.
After Alex got off the phone, he pulled out everything he had: two cans of vegetables and 18 cents．Alex put the cans and cents into a paper bag, saying to himself," There's everything you've made of yourself so far．I'm not sure I ever felt so low．"
Finally his work was published in 1970．Instantly he had the kind of fame and success that few writers ever experience．The shadows had turned into focus of attention．
Then one day, Alex found a box filled with things he had owned years before．Inside was a paper bag with two cans and 18 cents．Suddenly he pictured himself working in that cold storage room．It reminds Alex, and anyone with a dream, of the courage and persistence （堅(jiān)毅） it takes to stay the course (堅(jiān)持到底)in the shadow land．
小題1:Why did Alex give up his job?
A．Because he didn't like the working conditions．
B．Because he couldn't earn enough to make a living．
C．Because he felt he had no potential in his job．
D．Because he wanted to be a full-time writer．
小題2:What did Alex express when he answered the call?
A．He refused the job offer．
B．He was willing to give them a hand．
C．He expected them to pay him more money．
D．He would write in his spare time．
小題3:What kind of person is Alex?
A．Determined．B．Modest．C．Shy．D．Brave．
小題4:Which of the following can be the best title of the passage ?
A．Look before you leap．B．Two heads are better, than one．
C．Hold on to your dream, and it will come true．D．A bird in hand is worth two in the bush．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A motivational strategy that parents can employ with their kids, is to frame tasks and responsibilities in the context of what the end benefit is for them．I call this strategy WIIFM （"What's in it for me?" ）．
When a teen can combine an understanding of WIIFM with a sense of passion about achieving a goal, barriers will start to fall away．At our teen summer camps, we arrange an event near the end of the 10-day session that helps campers identify an important life goal and mentally break through their biggest barrier to achieving the goal． We pass around 12-by-12-inch pine boards．We tell campers that this activity is not about breaking a piece of wood．It's about how you can get what you want in your life．It's about breaking
barriers to grab on to your goals．
They have the power to break through any barrier．It has nothing to do with body size or physical condition．The skinniest, smallest teens will break through the board almost as easily as the big ones．
We talk to the campers about the reasons they might have had for not reaching their goals in the past．Maybe they got lazy and decided it wasn't worth the effort．Maybe they failed and let their fear of failure hold them back．But this exercise is about putting the past where it belongs．Today is about making new choices．
By this point in the program, we ask them to think of the goal they've set or themselves and write their goals on the boards．Then they write the possible obstacles which may hold them back on the opposite sides．An inch of pine now stands between them and their dreams．
The facilitators and their teammates gather around．The support is strong．One by one, they break through the barriers and grab their goals! All around us teens are laughing, crying, hugging, and holding up the broken pieces of their boards．The confidence shown on their faces is beautiful．
While arranging such an activity in one's home is almost unrealistic for parents, the value of helping a teen break through a personal hairier simply by being there as moral support can not be overestimated．More help for parents in the form of videos and articles is available at our website, in our blogs and in a monthly e-newsletter．
小題1:The 12-by-12-inch pine boards are used as ______．
A．materials to test one's musclesB．signs of goals in one's life
C．a(chǎn)ssessments to show one's progressD．symbols of barriers in one's life
小題2:We can learn from the passage that through the event the campers ______．
A．become hard-workingB．get moral support
C．gain confidenceD．set right goals
小題3:Which is the best title for the passage?
A．The Power of WIIFMB．What's in It for Me
C．The Importance of GoalsD．Motivational Strategies
小題4:The passage is intended for ______．
A．teensB．parentsC．campersD．tutors

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Parents, our first teachers, play a highly significant role in our lives．However, doesn't it seem that many of us come to have conflicts with them when we start high school? We're less likely to listen to them and take their suggestions—we even rebel against them．
Why? It may be the so-called "generation gap"．A generation gap appears when we begin to feel our parents
are ignoring us, don't understand us, and we feel we can no longer share our feelings with them．
The key reason is our desire for independence．In senior high school, we start to want to take responsibility for our own lives and make our own decisions．But parents resist this．They still want to control us and try to force us to do things they think we should do．Debate and discussion often come to nothing．Gradually, we talk with them less, and keep our feelings locked up inside．
Zhang Xiaoyun, 16, of Ningbo, Zhejiang, has talked less and less with her mother since she started senior high school．"She believes studies should be my priority, not my inner world," Zhang said．"Each day, she asks me the same old questions like, 'How was your last exam? or 'Have you made any progress in physics?" To Zhang, these questions are annoying and so she always tries to ignore them and answers perfunctorily．"Sometimes, when I get upset, I quarrel with her．After, she comes to apologize and comfort me．But I know, she doesn't completely understand me," Zhang said．Now, a home that was once full of laughter has fallen into gloom and silence．
The generation gap can be harmful．Because of the lack of communication, our parents no longer know what we are thinking about．There are quarrels, even over trivial things．When that happens, we may not be able to concentrate on our studies．Some of us even become afraid to go home after school— a very serious situation for the whole family．
小題1:Which of the following is not included in article?
A．The causes of generation gap．B．The effects of generation gap．
C．One example of generation gap．D．Ways of narrowing generation gap．
小題2:Which of the following is one reason for the generation gap according to the passage?
A．Modern society changing very fast．
B．Parents having unrealistic hopes of their children．
C．Parents and kids not understanding and respecting each other．
D．Young people liking to escape from the control of their parents．
小題3:Which of the following word has the closet meaning to the underlined word "perfunctorily"?
A．a(chǎn)ttentivelyB．indifferently
C．flatteringlyD．seriously
小題4:In the view of the author,____．
A．parents should allow their children more freedom
B．parents and children should not stay together
C．the younger generation should value the older generation
D．a(chǎn)cademic records are more important than one's inner world

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