Sadness is unpleasant, and in a society where personal happiness is prized above all else, there is little tolerance for falling in despair. Especially now we’ve got drugs for getting rid of sad feelings ― whether it’s after losing a job, the break-up of a relationship or the death of a loved one. So it’s no surprise that more and more people are taking them.

But is this really such a good idea? A growing number of voices from the world of mental health research are saying it isn’t. They fear that the increasing tendency to treat normal sadness as a disease is playing fast and loose (行為輕率). Sadness, they argue, serves a useful purpose―and if we lose it, we lose out. Yet many psychiatrists (精神病醫(yī)生) insist not. Sadness has a nasty habit of turning into depression(抑郁), they warn. Even when people are sad for good reason, they should take drugs to make themselves feel better.

So who is right? Is sadness something we cannot live without or something horrible never to touch?

There are lots of ideas about why feeling sad should become part of human life. It may be a self-protection strategy, as other primates (靈長(zhǎng)類) also show signs of sadness. A losing monkey that doesn’t show sadness after it loses a fight may be seen as continuing to challenge the winning monkey ― and that could result in death.

In humans sadness has a further function: we may display sadness as a form of communication. By acting sad, we tell other community members that we need support.

Then there is the idea that creativity is connected to dark moods. There are plenty of great artists, writers and musicians who have suffered from depression or disorder. Scientists found that people with signs of depression performed better at a creative task, and negative moods make people think deeply over the unhappy experience, which allows creative processes to come to the front. There is also evidence that too much happiness can be bad for your career. A doctor found that people who scored 8 out of 10 on a happiness test were more successful in income and education than 9s or 10s. The happiest people lose their willingness to make changes to their lives that may benefit them.

 

53. The underlined word “this ” refers to ________.

   A. taking medicine    B. falling in despair        C. losing a job              D. feeling sad

54. The author believes sadness is ________.

     A. a good thing for people’s health              B. something horrible never to touch

C. a necessary function of humans’            D. always to be treated as depression

55. Some animals show their sadness in order to ________.

     A. cheat their enemy                                 B. protect themselves 

C. comfort the loser                                 D. challenge the winner

56. We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.

    A. people with great creativity tend to be happier   

 B. unhappy experiences contribute to a greater career

C. too much happiness can be bad for your career

D. the happiest people are the most successful ones

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2008年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試湖南卷英語(yǔ)試題 題型：閱讀理解

You’re sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns(打哈欠). Suddenly, you’re yawning with him, though you’re not tired.
This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathize with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious(有感染力的) yawning, which showed that humans communicate regularly with out words.
Hugo Critchley, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which will prove that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Critechley, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how we’re feeling. “Emotions are closely linked with states of internal(內(nèi)部的) responses,” he explained. “ There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expression. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there’s the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.
Hugo Critchley further explained, “Our bodies synchronies and when we like the other person, we ever copy his behavior. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’re sitting— it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that we’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle(微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions.”
So, what lessons can we learn from this? “ Spend time with happy people— otherwise your health could suffer,” said Critchley.” When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.”
【小題1】 According to Hugo Critchley, ________.

A．emotions are as visible as facial expressions
B．we yawn more frequently when we have a cold
C．emotions are connected with states of internal responses
D．the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions.
【小題2】The underlined word “synchronies” in Paragraph 4 means “_____”.
A．move slowlyB．change rapidlyC．relax temporarilyD．respond accordingly
【小題3】From the passage we can learn ________.
A．sadness is as contagious as happiness
B．a(chǎn)nger is less contagious than friendliness
C．surprise is more contagious than smile
D．surprise is the most contagious among emotions
【小題4】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.
B．Children like copying the actions of the fellow humans.
C．Scientists are still confused about contagious yawning
D．People tend to communicate more with body language.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：浙江省金華十校2010屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬考試 題型：閱讀理解


D
Sadness is unpleasant, and in a society where personal happiness is prized above all else, there is little tolerance for falling in despair. Especially now we’ve got drugs for getting rid of sad feelings — whether it’s after losing a job, the break-up of a relationship or the death of a loved one. So it’s no surprise that more and more people are taking them.
But is this really such a good idea? A growing number of voices from the world of mental health research are saying it isn’t. They fear that the increasing tendency to treat normal sadness as a disease is playing fast and loose. Sadness, they argue, serves a useful purpose—and if we lose it, we lose out. Yet many psychiatrists insist not. Sadness has a nasty habit of turning into depression they warn. Even when people are sad for good reason, they should take drugs to make themselves feel better.
So who is right? Is sadness something we cannot live without or something horrible never to touch?
There are lots of ideas about why feeling sad should become part of human life. It may be a kind of self-protection, as other primates (靈長(zhǎng)類) also show signs of sadness. A losing monkey that doesn’t show sadness after it loses a fight may be seen as continuing to challenge the winning monkey — and that could result in death.
In humans sadness has a further function: we may display sadness as a form of communication. By acting sad, we tell other community members that we need support.
Then there is the idea that creativity is connected to dark moods. There are plenty of great artists, writers and musicians who have suffered from depression or disorder. Scientists found that people with signs of depression performed better at a creative task, and negative moods make people think deeply over the unhappy experience, which allows creative processes to come to the front. There is also evidence that too much happiness can be bad for your career. A doctor found that people who scored 8 out of 10 on a happiness test were more successful in income and education than 9s or 10s. The happiest people lose their willingness to make changes to their lives that may benefit them.
53．The underlined word “this ” refers to ________.
A．taking medicine              B．falling in despair            C．losing a job            D．feeling sad
54．The author believes sadness is ________.
A．a(chǎn) good thing for people’s health       B．something horrible never to touch
C．a(chǎn) necessary function of humans’       D．a(chǎn)lways to be treated as depression
55．Some animals show their sadness in order to ________.
A．cheat their enemy               B．protect themselves 
C．comfort the loser               D．challenge the winner
56．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.
A．people with great creativity tend to be happier   
B．unhappy experiences contribute to a greater career
C．too much happiness can be bad for your career
D．the happiest people are the most successful ones

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2014屆浙江臨海白云高級(jí)中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期第二次段考英語(yǔ)卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

There is an old Chinese tale about a woman whose only son died. Sadly, she went to the holy man and asked, “What magical things do you have to bring my son back to life?”

Instead of sending her away or reasoning with her, he said to her, “Fetch me a mustard (芥菜) seed from a home that has never known sadness. We will use it to drive the sadness out of your life.” The woman happily went off at once in search of that magical mustard seed.

She first came to a splendid house, knocked at the door and said, “I am looking for a home that has never known sadness. Is it such a place? It is very important to me.”

They told her “You’ve certainly come to the wrong place” and began to describe all the tragic things that had happened to them recently.

The woman said to herself, “I have had misfortune of my own. Who is able to help these poor, unfortunate people?” She stayed to comfort them, and then went on in search of a home that had never known sadness. But wherever she went, she found one tale after another of sadness and misfortune. She became so involved in other people’s sorrow that finally she forgot about her search for the magical mustard seed, never realizing that it had, in fact, driven the sadness out of her life.

1.Which of the following does the story lead us to believe?

A．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.

B．Time passed cannot be called back again.

C．You can’t feel happy unless compared with others.

D．You can’t expect to know the result until you have tried.

2.Instead of sending the woman away, the holy man       .

A．a(chǎn)sked her to help him first

B．tried to comfort her with kind words

C．a(chǎn)sked her to look for a thing that didn’t exist at all

D．tried to encourage her by talking with her

3.Leaving the holy man, the woman       .

A．was full of hope                        B．was filled with sadness

C．was determined to try again               D．became discouraged

4.The best title for the text would be “       ”.

A．A woman’s misfortune                  B．A nice surprise     C．The holy man’s faith D．Cure for sadness

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：天津市2010屆高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試（英語(yǔ)） 題型：閱讀理解

Faces show emotions. Psychology; computer science, and engineering researchers are joining forces to teach machines to read expressions. If they succeed, your computer may one day "read" your mood and cooperate. Machines equipped with emotional skills could also be used in teaching , robotics, gaming, security, and for psychological diagnoses(診斷).

"Mind Reader", a system developed by Rosalind Picard at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the US, uses input from a video camera to do real-time analysis of facial expressions. It reports on whether you seem "interested" or “agreeable” or if you're "confused".

The system can help people detect others' emotions. Picard says this means we could teach a machine to be as sensitive as a human. In fact, a machine can be even smarter: than people since it can tell if a person is lying or just "performing" by analyzing one's facial movements. Jeffrey Cohn, a psychologist at the University of Pittsburgh, uses the Facial Action Coding System to detect human emotions. "The face is always visible," Cohn says, "People communicate a lot about feelings and thoughts through facial expression."

Cohn studied a videotape of criminal who professed to be sad about the murder of several family members and tried to pin the blame on some one else． But Cohn saw no real sadness in the woman's face. Sadness is a combination of facial action units that are difficult to do voluntarily. This means, even though your mouth lies, your face doesn't, and the machine will know it all.

1．People can know a person's emotions from his _____.

A．body movement             B．facial expressions

C．psychological reactions   D．mood and attitude

2．Recent technology development makes ______ by machines possible.

A．mind reading          B．body reading

C．face reading           D．mood reading

3．According to the passage,______.

A．people can no longer tell lies before the new machine

B．people still can tell lies in front of the new machine

C．people have different emotions before the new machine

D．sadness is often difficult to be seen

4．The underlined word "professed" most probably means_______.

A．to pretend something as true B．to acknowledge

C．to show           D．to prove

5．From the passage we can infer that ________.

A．the technology still needs improvement.

B．people can do everything with the new machine .

C．face reading technology is nothing new.

D．face reading technology will be widely used in the future.

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2008年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試湖南卷英語(yǔ)試題 題型：閱讀理解

You’re sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns(打哈欠). Suddenly, you’re yawning with him, though you’re not tired.

This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathize with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious(有感染力的) yawning, which showed that humans communicate regularly with out words.

Hugo Critchley, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which will prove that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Critechley, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how we’re feeling. “Emotions are closely linked with states of internal(內(nèi)部的) responses,” he explained. “ There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expression. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there’s the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.

Hugo Critchley further explained, “Our bodies synchronies and when we like the other person, we ever copy his behavior. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’re sitting— it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that we’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle(微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions.”

So, what lessons can we learn from this? “ Spend time with happy people— otherwise your health could suffer,” said Critchley.” When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.”

1. According to Hugo Critchley, ________.

A．emotions are as visible as facial expressions

B．we yawn more frequently when we have a cold

C．emotions are connected with states of internal responses

D．the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change of emotions.

2.The underlined word “synchronies” in Paragraph 4 means “_____”.

A．move slowly

B．change rapidly

C．relax temporarily

D．respond accordingly

3.From the passage we can learn ________.

A．sadness is as contagious as happiness

B．a(chǎn)nger is less contagious than friendliness

C．surprise is more contagious than smile

D．surprise is the most contagious among emotions

4.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A．Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.

B．Children like copying the actions of the fellow humans.

C．Scientists are still confused about contagious yawning

D．People tend to communicate more with body language.

 

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