Question

Every profession or trade,every art,and every science has its technical vocabulary. Differ?ent occupations,however,differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts,and other vocations (職業(yè)) ，like farming and fishery,that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times,the technical vocabulary,is very old. It consists largely of native words,or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber (質(zhì)地) of our language. Hence,though highly technical in many particulars,these vocabularies are more familiar in sound,and more generally understood,than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law,medicine,divinity (神學(xué)) ，and philosophy have also,in their older strata (層面) ，become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essen?tially foreign,even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years,particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the me?chanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom and abandoned with indiffer?ence when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined (受限制在) to spe?cial discussions,and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays,as all professions once were,a close guild (行會) .

The lawyer,the physician,the man of science,the divine,associated freely with his fellowcreatures,and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore,what is called " popular science”makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment,though made in a remote or provincial laboratory,is at once reported in the newspapers,and everybody is soon talking about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays (倫琴射線) and wireless telegraphy. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace (尋常的事物) .

(   ) 5. What does the underlined phrase "educated speech" mean?

   A. 教育演講'                        B. 教育報告

   C. 有教養(yǎng)的談吐   D. 有教育意義的發(fā)言

(   ) 6. In recent years,there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the terminology (專門術(shù)語) of         

   A. fishery   B. farming

   C. government   D. sports

(   ) 7. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

   A. Topics for common speech often involve the latest new technical terms.

   B. People don't take up any new technical terms which are none of their business.

   C. The topics for common speech are always making something new.

   D. New technical terms can enter our common speech by way of making them sim?ple.

(   ) 8. The author's main purpose in the passage is to          

   A. describe a phenomenon   B. propose a solution

   C. be entertaining   D. argue a belief

Answer 1

 CCAA

本文討論了各行各業(yè)的專業(yè)詞匯。不同的職業(yè)，其專業(yè)詞匯具有自身的特征。隨著大眾科學(xué)的普及，人們對近期的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造變得越來越熟悉，并將某些專有名詞應(yīng)用在了自己的曰常交流之中了。

5. C詞義猜測題。

6. C細節(jié)理解題。文中提到了自然科學(xué)、政治學(xué)及機械學(xué)領(lǐng)域的術(shù)語增加最快，答案C符合這種說法。

7. A閱讀理解題�？筛鶕�(jù)全文的理解，推斷出最后一句話的真實意義。

8. A綜合分析推論題。作者在文中介紹了各種不同行業(yè)的專用名詞的特點，以及這些術(shù)語的發(fā)展和使用情況，顯然是陳述性質(zhì)的，而不是為了提供解決問題的方案(B) ,因為根本沒有提出任何問題；更不是為了娛樂(C) 和爭辯(D) 。因此正確答案是A。