Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.
The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu(流感), and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.
The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses - flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness , but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine, which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA. But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities , there are some obvious signs to look for.
Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.
The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.
Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome(綜合癥) ，a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.
There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.
　
小題1: According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help ________.
A．shorten the duration of the illness
B．the patient buy medicine over the counter
C．the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugs
D．prevent people from catching colds and the flu
小題2: We learn from the passage that ___________.
A．one doesn’t need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu
B．a(chǎn)spirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu
C．delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous system
D．over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu
小題3: According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, ___________.
A．one should identify the virus which causes it
B．one should consult a doctor as soon as possible
C．one should take medicine upon catching the disease
D．one should remain alert when the disease is spreading
小題4:Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?
A．A stuffy nose. 　　B．A high temperature.
C．A sore throat.　　D．A dry cough.
小題5: If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents _______________.
A．a(chǎn)re advised not to give them aspirin
B．should watch out for signs of Reye syndrome
C．a(chǎn)re encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccination
D．should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever

小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:A

這篇文章講的是應(yīng)該如何區(qū)別對(duì)待感冒和流感。
小題1:第二段澄清了第一段中的含糊說(shuō)法，make a difference in how long the misery lasts變?yōu)榱藅he sooner relief will come，A的說(shuō)法與此一致。
小題1:推理題。倒數(shù)第二段第一句話(huà)表達(dá)的意思The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu.可知選D。
小題1:第二段第二句話(huà)That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in.說(shuō)明了為什么需要迅速把感冒和流感區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)——因?yàn)榛忌狭鞲泻笮枰⒓捶锰幏剿帯?br />小題1:第五段二句話(huà)指出流感的典型特點(diǎn)之一是發(fā)燒(fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu)，從一二句的對(duì)比可以看出，發(fā)燒與否是區(qū)別流感和感冒的關(guān)鍵因素。本題選擇B。
小題1:章提到children是在倒數(shù)第二、三段，倒數(shù)第三段講到兒童癥狀不易區(qū)分是感冒和流感，應(yīng)該向醫(yī)生咨詢(xún)。倒數(shù)第二段講到兒童不應(yīng)服用阿司匹林來(lái)緩解感冒或流感癥狀，否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致Reye綜合癥。A的說(shuō)法符合倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容，是正確的。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Nancy Volk operated a sidewalk cafe in Anoka, Minnesota to support her family.
Dan Heins, one of the cafe’s regular customers, had a  36 : kidney dialysis（腎透析） from 6 to 10 a.m on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, after   37  at the cafe. The 56-year-old owner of the small cafe, Nancy   38  that Heins' diabetes(糖尿病)was 39  for his kidney failure and the cut-off of his leg. And Dan knew that Nancy, a single mother with three daughters, worked two other jobs to  40 the cafe open and meet her housing loans.
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While they were  47  the transplant, Dan’s other leg was cut off and Nancy’s financial 48  grew from bad to worse.
Nancy decided to close the cafe last September much  49  she loved it. At the same time, her home was going into   50 . Dan's insurance would  51  her surgery costs, but she was worried too much that she wouldn't be able to work the part-time jobs for six weeks.
Steve Ohlsen, another customer of the cafe,   52  a donation box near the register. In less than one month, people gave Nancy several thousand dollars—enough to ensure   53  on her home while she recovered.
Nancy and Dan had their 54  in September. Four months later,Dan is  55 dialysis, and Nancy has sent thank-you notes to her supporters.
小題1:
A．wayB．serviceC．routeD．routine
小題2:
A．breakfastB．supperC．lunchD．dinner
小題3:
A．guessedB．knewC．imaginedD．concluded
小題4:
A．seriousB．impossibleC．responsibleD．important
小題5:
A．keepB．runC．causeD．want
小題6:
A．shouted B．murmuredC．smiledD．informed
小題7:
A．operationB．surgery C．transplant D．transfer
小題8:
A．friendB．relationC．shopkeeperD．student
小題9:
A．excitingB．unrealC．unusualD．moving
小題10:
A．cheatingB．convincingC．informingD．involving
小題11:
A．matchB．partnerC．companionD．mate
小題12:
A．searching forB．waiting forC．looking intoD．taking in
小題13:
A．positionB．professionC．situationD．condition
小題14:
A．a(chǎn)lthoughB．whileC．thoughD．when
小題15:
A．troubleB．businessC．serviceD．luck
小題16:
A．offerB．provideC．giveD．cover
小題17:
A．madeB．laidC．placedD．set
小題18:
A．payments B．expensesC．repairsD．fees
小題19:
A．personalitiesB．supportersC．surgeries D．lives
小題20:
A．offB．downC．upD．to

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It’s you and I who are to blame for the state of the earth. No question about it. It’s our life-style that is threatening life on Earth, so we must make the changes. The good news is that many of those changes are really quite simple, even enjoyable, but for every careful step we take as individuals , we must press government and industry to take a big step on our benefit . And we must start now. Tomorrow’s too late.
My aim this year is to persuade as many of my friends and colleagues as possible to choose the train, and leave their cars behind too. My gardens have been pesticide(殺蟲(chóng)劑)–free zones for years and I enjoy seeing more wildlife on my doorstep as a result; I’ve tried to reduce my contribution to water pollution too, by using environment-friendly, phosphate(磷)–free washing powder , and by no longer thinking of the toilet as a suitable waste-disposal(處理) point .
I ran after a young lady through town recently to give her back the piece of paper she had carelessly thrown away. She disappeared into a shop, and when I followed her inside and made my presentation, she was doubly embarrassed--she worked there, and the boss gave her a ticking–off too. I’ve started asking fellow drivers at gas stations why they aren’t using unleaded (無(wú)鉛的) petrol . These are small things, but we have to start somewhere, and every little does help .
小題1:To help the environment, the author is trying to do everything mentioned below EXCEPT        .
A．taking the train instead of a car
B．throwing away the old cars
C．a(chǎn)voiding the use of pesticides
D．running after those who throw articles carelessly
小題2:The author ran after a woman through town because he wanted         .
A．to find out where she worked
B．to give her back the piece of paper she had lost
C．to tell her not to throw away pieces of paper carelessly
D．to ask her to pay him for picking up the piece of paper.
小題3:The word “ticking-off ” in the last paragraph probably means         .
A．blaming B．a(chǎn) piece of paperC．prizeD．ticket
小題4:The purpose of this passage is to         .
A．persuade his friends to take the train
B．inform us of the good news
C．make clear who is responsible for the environment
D．try to advise us all to protect our environment

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Bad moods can actually be good for you, with an Australian study finding that being sad makes people less gullible (輕信), improves their ability to judge others and also boosts memory.
The study, authored by psychology professor Joseph Forgas at the University of New South Wales, showed that people in a negative mood were more critical of, and paid more attention to, their surroundings than happier people, who were more likely to believe anything they were told.
"Although positive mood seems to promote creativity, flexibility, cooperation, and reliance on mental shortcuts, negative moods trigger (引發(fā)) more attentive, careful thinking, paying greater attention to the external world," Forgas wrote.
"Our research suggests that sadness ... promotes information processing strategies best suited to dealing with more demanding situations."
For the study, Forgas and his team conducted several experiments that started with inducing happy or sad moods in their subjects through watching films and recalling positive or negative events.
In one of the experiments, happy and sad participants were asked to judge the truth of urban myths and rumors and found that people in a negative mood were less likely to believe these statements.
People in a bad mood were also less likely to make snap decisions based on racial or religious prejudices, and they were less likely to make mistakes when asked to recall an event that they witnessed.
The study also found that sad people were better at stating their case through written arguments, which Forgas said showed that a "mildly negative mood may actually promote a more concrete, accommodative and ultimately more successful communication style."
"Positive mood is not universally desirable: people in negative mood are less prone to judgmental errors, are more resistant to eyewitness distortions（扭曲）and are better at producing high-quality, effective persuasive messages," Forgas wrote.
The study was published in the November/December edition of the Australian Science journal.
小題1:_ The study suggests that when someone is in a bad mood, he ________ .
A．is particular about everythingB．shows less concern about others
C．is willing to believe what he hearsD．cares more about his surroundings
小題2:_Which of the following is connected with positive mood?
A．New ideas.B．Being stubborn.C．Being careful.D．Concentration.
小題3:_ How did researcher put the subjects in good or bad moods?
A．By watching sports programs.B．By listening to happy or sad stories.
C．By dealing with demanding situations.D．By thinking back on their past experience.
小題4:_ Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?
A．Positive mood leads to better judgement.
B．Sad people remembered what they saw precisely.
C．Cheerful people were less likely to believe rumors.
D．People in bad mood tend to make quick decisions.
小題5:_The author intends to convince(說(shuō)服) us that __________ .
A．Joseph Forgas made a great discoveryB．bad moods can actually be good for us
C．we should think positively and negativelyD．the Australian study is of practical value

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。
Hi, dear boys and girls! Do you know how to be a healthy kid? Here are some rules you should follow.
First, eat different foods, especially fruit and vegetables. You may have a favorite food, but you'd better eat something different, if you eat different foods, you will probably get more nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)) your body needs.
Then, drink water and milk as often as possible. When you're really thirsty, cold water is the No. l choice. Milk is a great drink that can give you more calcium (鈣) your body needs to grow strong bones .
Next, listen to your body. How do you feel when you are full? When you are eating, notice how your body feels and when your stomach feels comfortably full. Eating too much will not make you feel comfortable and make you fat.
Afterwards, limit (限制) screen time. Screen time is the time you watch TV, DVDs and videos, or using computers. It is good to take more exercise such as basketball, bike riding and swimming. You can't watch TV for more than two hours a day.
Finally, be active. One thing you'd like to do as a kid is to find out which activity you like best. Find ways to be active every day.
Follow these rules and you can be a healthy kid.
小題1:You have to eat different kinds of foods especially _________.
A．meatB．hamburgers　C．sweetsD．fruit and vegetables
小題2:Which kind of drinks can give you more calcium?
A．Juice.　　B．Milk.C．Cold water.D．Tea.
小題3:According to the passage, how many rules should you follow if you want to be healthy?
A．Five.　　B．Nine.　　　　　C．Fifteen.D．Thirteen.
小題4:According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A．When you're eating, you don't have to pay attention to how your body feels.
B．You can eat your favorite food as much as you can .
C．You can watch TV whenever you like to get more information.
D．We should try to live in an active way in our life.
小題5:Which is the best title of the passage?
A．How to make yourself popularB．How to be a healthy kid
C．How to be a popular kidD．How to make your parents healthy

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The key to reaching or staying at a healthy weight is regular exercise and good eating habits. Teens should get 60 minutes or more of physical activity a day. Note the word “activity”. As long as you’re getting your body moving, it doesn’t have to mean doing complicated exercises or going to the gym (體育館) every day. All that matters is that each week you get the right balance of activity, including aerobic (有氧健身法的) strength building, and flexibility (柔韌性) exercise. Make exercise a habit by scheduling some every day.
On days when you have soccer practice or an aerobics class, you may have no trouble exercising for an hour or more. But most of us are busy, and 60 minutes a day of activity seems like a lot of time. The good news is that it’s OK to divide it into shorter “exercise breaks” throughout the day. Just as you might have a healthy snack to stop yourself getting hungry, exercise snacks can keep energy level high. So get up 15 minutes earlier and do some yoga or other stretching (伸展) activity. Fast walk or jog (慢跑) for 15 minutes at lunch. Do the same thing after school ­­­­­or walk or bike home. Add to that taking the stairs, gym class, and walking between classes during the day, and you’ve probably reached your 60 minutes.
Here are 5 simple ways to make an exercise lifestyle change:
1. Start today. Go outside for a walk.
2. Take the stairs instead of the elevator.
3. Instead of driving, walk or bike to places like school or a friend’s house.
4. Clean your room or wash the car.
5. Limit your time watching TV, using the computer, or playing video games--and when you do play, try some games that get you moving.
小題1: The underlined phrase “exercise snacks” in the second paragraph probably means ________.
A．food eaten before exercise
B．food eaten during exercise
C．shorter “exercise breaks”
D．a(chǎn) new kind of exercise
小題2:Why should we have exercise snacks every day?
A．Because they can stop us getting hungry
B．Because they can keep energy level high
C．Because they can include many kinds of sports
D．Because they are more likely to relate to our daily life
小題3:Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A．To go hiking on your holidays
B．To spend less time on computer games
C．To go to school on foot or by bike
D．To do some housework at home
小題4:What will be most probably discussed in the following paragraph?
A．Losing weightB．Good eating habitsC．Exercising your brainD．Outdoors exercise
小題5: What would be the best title for this passage?
A．Regular exerciseB．School exerciseC．Indoors exercise D．Difficult exercises

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Not all think laughter is the best medicine, but it seems to help．So scientists carried on a new study of diabetes （糖尿�。� patients who were given a good dose of humor for a year to prove it．
Researchers divide 20 high-risk diabetic patients into two groups．Both groups were given standard diabetes medicine．Group L viewed 30 minutes of humor of their choice, while Group C, the control group, did not．This went on for a year of treatments．
By two months into the study, the patients in the laughter group had lower level of the hormones epinephrine （腎上腺素）, considered to cause stress, which is known to be deadly．After the 12 months, HDL cholesterol rises 26 percent in Group L but only 3 percent in Group           C．In another measure, C-reactive proteins, a maker of heart disease, drop 66 percent in the laughter group but only 26 percent in the control group．
“The best doctors believe that there is a physical good brought about by the positive emotion, happy laughter,” said study leader Lee Berk of Loma Linda University．And other research has found that humor makes us more hopeful．Still, more study is needed, Berk said．The research by Berk found that humor can bring about similar changes in body chemistry, which was proved in the new study．The research result will be presented this month at the meeting in the US．Research at the University of Maryland School of Medicine shows that laughter causes the inner lining of blood vessels to expand, increasing blood flow in a way thought to be healthy．
“Lifestyle choices have an important effect on health and these are choices which we and patients should pay attention to, rather than prevention and treatment,” Berk said in a statement this week．
小題1:Why did the scientists carry on the new research?
A．To find out if laughter was good to health．
B．To discover the best medicine to cure diabetes．
C．Because the number of diabetic patients is the largest in the world．
D．Because diabetic patients need more laughter than other patients．
小題2:After 12 months into the study, ___________．
A．C-reactive proteins increase 66 percent in Group C
B．the level of the hormones epinephrine stays the same in both groups
C．the level of the hormones epinephrine has dropped
D．C-reactive proteins reduced 66 percent in Group L
小題3:The underlined part “HDL cholesterol” in Paragraph 3 must be _______．
A．something bad to our healthB．something good to our health
C．a(chǎn) kind of wonderful medicineD．a(chǎn) kind of dangerous disease
小題4:In what way does laughter benefit people’s health?
A．Blood is made thick by laughter．B．Laughter makes blood vessels thin．
C．Laughter increases blood pressure．D．Laughter makes blood flow fast．
小題5:According to Berk, we should _________．
A．choose lifestyles carefullyB．change our lifestyles
C．prevent our lifestyles in advance D．pay less attention to the positive emotion

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Traditional surgical procedures require surgeons to make large incisions(傷口) in a patient’s body in order to gain access to the internal organs. It was once common for heart surgeons, who perform highly specialized and complex procedures, to make long incisions in a patient’s chest and then split the breastbone to reach the heart. Patients who undergo surgery are often at the risk of infection, as bacteria can infect the cut in the skin. In addition, there is often a lengthy recovery period.
A surgical technique known as “keyhole surgery” has become more common in recent years. In general, the surgeon will make a couple of small incisions around the area where the operation is going to be performed. Tubes are pushed into the holes, and a tiny camera, which is called an endoscope, is put into the body. The camera is attached to a large monitor screen that is positioned so that the doctor can see it while he performs the operation. In addition to the camera, doctors also push their tiny surgical instruments through the tubes. The awkward part of keyhole surgery is that it is counterintuitive; that is to say, if a surgeon wants to move the tool to the left, he or she must push it to the right.
Other advancements in technology are also being used today in the OR (operation room). A new machine called the “da Vinci Surgical System” has been tested in hospitals in the U.S.. Unlike keyhole surgery, the da Vinci’s robot’s moving parts are designed to imitate the natural hand and wrist movement of a surgeon, thus providing better control and sensitivity. The system is controlled by a surgeon from a console(控制臺(tái)). Sitting at a console a few feet from the patient, the surgeon can perform an operation by holding and moving highly sensitive pads that enable him or her to control the instruments. The area of the body on which the surgeon is working is enlarged on a screen, which is attached to the console. This gives surgeons a realistic three-dimensional view of the area — similar to what they would see during a traditional surgical procedure.
Although the da Vinci Surgical System is undergoing some trials for some procedures, it has been welcomed as revolutionary by many surgeons. Patients with serious illnesses must still undergo major surgery, but the smaller incisions and less invasive procedures typically mean that a shorter recovery time is needed. In some cases, the patient’s stay in the hospital has been cut in half when the da Vinci Surgical System was used. On the downside, some operations have taken up to fifty minutes longer because surgeons are inexperienced at using the new technology. As surgeons become more familiar with the machines, the time needed for surgical procedures is likely to decrease.
小題1:What can be learned about the traditional surgery according to the passage?
A．The cost of the traditional surgery is very high.
B．It often leaves a large wound in a person’s body.
C．Long incisions are made in a patient’s chest.
D．The incision is often infected after the operation.
小題2: Which of the following is one DISADVANTAGE of keyhole surgery?
A．It requires the use of long, thin tools and a tiny camera.
B．The doctor can not view the inside of the patient’s body clearly.
C．The direction in which a doctor moves the surgical tools is reversed.
D．An endoscope has to be inserted into the patient’s body in advance.
小題3: The da Vinci Surgical System differs from keyhole surgery in that _______.
A．requires that a surgeon make more small incisions on a patient
B．reduces the amount of time it takes to perform a surgical procedure
C．a(chǎn)llows the surgeon to use the surgical instruments more sensitively
D．eliminates the need for surgeons to make large incisions on patients
小題4: The passage mainly tells the reader ________.
A．the challenges brought about by new technology
B．the benefits and drawbacks of the da Vinci Surgical System
C．the reflections on the development in medical science
D．the application of new technologies in modern surgery

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Recently some American scientists have given a useful sincere piece of advice to people in industrialized nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.
The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since humans first appeared on the earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times, so they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes ( 中風(fēng) ) are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.
Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones ( 家畜 ). They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They didn’t have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of these. We eat six times more salt than our remote ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.
People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate much the same way as remote ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
67. What is the main cause that people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses?
A. Ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise.
B. People today have a lot of alcohol.
C. People today have more tobacco.
D. Food today is quite different from that of ancient times.
68. Which of the following belongs to the dairy products?
A. Milk             B. Corn     C. Pork            D. Flour
69. New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ________.
A. the human body has changed compared with humans who first appeared on the earth
B. the way we live has changed a little
C. our body can’t deal with the changes in life style
D. the way we live today is proper for the human body
70. According to some scientists, Stone-age people were much healthier than people today because they ate a lot of ________.
A. milk and other dairy products                        B. salt and sugar
C. wild animals, fresh wild vegetables and fruits     D. grain foods

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