In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some hold an optimistic attitude. They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity（繁榮）and that anyone who wants to be outstanding has to keep the pace. Others think otherwise. They say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that the unfriendly relationship between people because of competition.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth depended on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. In their single-minded pursuit（追求）of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others have an opposite opinion. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. They have no choice. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try”. What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition.
小題1:What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.
B．Opinions about competition are different among people.
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
D．Failures are necessary experience in competition.
小題2:Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A．It pushes society forward.
B．It builds up a sense of duty.
C．It improves personal abilities.
D．It encourages individual efforts.
小題3:The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means      .
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
小題4:What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?
A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others.
B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts.
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
小題5:Which point of view may the author agree to?
A．Every effort should be paid back.
B．Competition should be encouraged.
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:D

試題分析：文章介紹了人們對競爭的態(tài)度和不同的觀點看法，有人認為很好，有人反對。
小題1:主旨題：閱讀第一段內(nèi)容可知不同的人對于競爭有不同的觀點和看法，有人認為很好，有人反對。文章是關于人們對競爭的態(tài)度。故選B。
小題2:細節(jié)題：根據(jù)第一段第二句“They value it highly, believing that it is a natural outcome of social progress and prosperity,”可知他們認為競爭導致了社會的進步。故選A。
小題3:推理題：根據(jù)第三段中“In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. ”有一些人強烈地指責競爭，在這些人中最多的就是那些遭受著競爭壓力的年輕人。故the most vocal就是 指那些反對競爭的人。故選C。
小題4:推理題：從最后一段中“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others.”可知A項的觀點與之類似，指人的價值在于與別人的比較。故選A。
小題5:推理題：根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome can discover a new meaning in competition”可知在競爭中要去除恐懼，只有這樣我們才能理解競爭的真正的含義。故選D。
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小題2:
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B．The tax deduction policy.
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D．Petrus Alfonsi’s efforts in promoting table manners.
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Dear Alcohol,
You’ve been around forever. I can remember all the pain you’ve caused for me.
Do you remember the night you almost took my father’s life? I do. He loves you. Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me. He’s addicted to you, to the way you promise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them. You just sat back and laughed as his car went spinning through the street, crashing into two other cars. He wasn’t the only one hurt by you that night.
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Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17-year-old neighbor who had to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lessons? Do you know how we all felt when he hit another car and killed the two people in the other car? He died the next morning too. His sister walked home from her dance lesson, and passed police cars and a crowd of people gathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio. She didn’t realize her brother was in the midst of it all. She never saw him again. And it’s all your fault.
I wish you’d walk out of my life forever. I don’t want anything to do with you. Look at all the pain you’ve caused. Sure, you’ve made people happy too from time to time. But the damage you’ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable. Stop luring (引誘) in the people I love. Stop hurting me, please.
Sincerely,Anonymous
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D．To show the great fun that alcohol can bring to people’s life.
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C．It made him kill two other people when driving.
D．It made him get into a car accident and badly injure himself.
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A．loudB．sweet C．deepD．soft
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A．forgotten B．mispronouncedC．misunderstoodD．misspelled
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A．correctB．wrongC．different D．same
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A．hallB．buildingC．stageD．classroom
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A．bravery B．courageC．honestyD．cleverness
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A．ThoughB．UnlessC．If D．Since
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A．defeatedB．broke C．wonD．a(chǎn)chieved
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A．cheap B．expensive C．pricelessD．brave
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A．prizeB．giftC．skill D．review
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A．senseB．prideC．respectD．love
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A．liveB．workC．studyD．a(chǎn)gree
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A．planB．conclusionC．discoveryD．choice
小題18:
A．whichB．that C．whatD．how
小題19:
A．grow upB．bring upC．pick up D．come up
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A．recordingB．watchingC．correctingD．a(chǎn)ccepting

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A good way to begin feeling comfortable while ____ publicly is to start small. Start ____ stories with friends and co-workers ____. This could be something you read about in the news, or something you did ____ the weekend. This point is to practice speaking in front of others, and feeling ____ at it.
If you have no problem speaking ____ in front of the other friends, ____ shake at the thought of getting behind a podium (講臺) and speaking in front of ____, then practicing behind a podium is what you must do. ____ there exist speaking clubs for you such as Toastmaster’s International, in which people meet ____. You can join a club in your area and practice speaking in public every week, as well as ____ speeches on a better basis. You will also receive advice on your ____ as well as your strengths. You’ll probably be ____ to find out that you’re better than you thought you were.
小題1:
A．opinionB．judgmentsC．a(chǎn)rgumentsD．experiences
小題2:
A．promoteB．organizeC．conquerD．strengthen
小題3:
A．ReadingB．Facing C．Ignoring D．Raising
小題4:
A．protectB．separateC．banD．warn
小題5:
A．Controlling B．Reducing C．FeelingD．Limiting
小題6:
A．braveryB．gratitudeC．sicknessD．shame
小題7:
A．dig outB．cut offC．get overD．take off
小題8:
A．introducingB．speakingC．explainingD．producing
小題9:
A．sharingB．makingC．writingD．correcting
小題10:
A．secretlyB．happilyC．shylyD．bravely
小題11:
A．fromB．withC．over D．for
小題12:
A．proudB．successfulC．uniqueD．nervous
小題13:
A．sociallyB．personallyC．privatelyD．honorably
小題14:
A．a(chǎn)ndB．orC．forD．but
小題15:
A．parentsB．teachersC．strangersD．relatives
小題16:
A．UnfortunatelyB．LuckilyC．Doubtfully D．Mentally
小題17:
A．instantlyB．frequentlyC．occasionallyD．rarely
小題18:
A．listening toB．talking aboutC．recordingD．copying
小題19:
A．a(chǎn)dvantagesB．weaknessesC．featuresD．excuses
小題20:
A．interestedB．frightenedC．surprisedD．disturbed

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