Alzheimer's disease affects millions of people around the world. American researchers say the disease will affect more than one hundred million people worldwide by the year twenty fifty. That would be four times the current number. Researchers and doctors have been studying Alzheimer's patients for a century. Yet the cause and cure for the mental sickness are still unknown. However, some researchers have made important steps towards understanding it.

Several early signs of the disease involve memory and thought processes. At first, patients have trouble remembering little things. Later, they have trouble remembering more important things, such as the names of their children.

There are also some physical tests that might show who is at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The tests look for proteins in brain and spinal cord fluid. The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease. The protein tests correctly identify the presence of the disease in about ninety percent of patients.

Now, a much simpler physical test to predict Alzheimer's risk has been developed. Researchers found that trouble with the sense of smell can be one of the first signs of Alzheimer's. Using this information, they developed a test in which people were asked to identify twelve familiar smells. These smells included cinnamon, black pepper, chocolate, paint thinner, and smoke.

The study continued for five years. During this period, the same people were asked to take several tests measuring their memory and thought abilities. Fifty percent of those who could not identify at least four of the smells in the first test had trouble with their memory and thinking in the next five years.

Another study has shown a possible way to reduce a person's chances of developing Alzheimer's disease in old age. Researchers in Chicago found that people who use their brains more often are less likely to develop Alzheimer's disease. Those who read a newspaper, or play chess or word games are about three times less likely to develop the condition.

Researchers say they still do not know what causes Alzheimer's disease. But they say these findings might help prevent the disease in the future.

41. What’s the main idea of the passage?

  A. Some early signs of the Alzheimer's disease.

  B. Some physical tests about Alzheimer's disease.

  C. The research about Alzheimer's disease.

  D. The patients of Alzheimer's disease.

42. What’s the current number of Alzheimer’s patients?

   A. 100 million   B. 25 million   C. 400 million   D. 2050 million

43. What is not the early signs of the Alzheimer's disease according to the passage?

   A. Poor memory                     B. Proteins exist in the brain.

   C. Trouble with the sense of smell.      D. Less use of the brain.

44. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to?

   A. Alzheimer's disease.   B. Alzheimer's patients.  C. The cause and cure.  D. The research.

45. According to the passage, we can learn that _______.

   A. there are no proteins in the brains of the people with no Alzheimer's disease

   B. the people who often use their brains will not get Alzheimer's disease

   C. researchers and doctors have found ways to cure Alzheimer's disease

   D. the people who have the trouble with the sense of smell will certainly suffer from Alzheimer's disease

41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. A


解析:

41. 主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文所討論的內(nèi)容得知,選項A, B, D選項在文章中有討論過, 但不全面。

42. 細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二,第三行可知:到2050年老人癡呆癥病人的人數(shù)會達到100 million, 也就是現(xiàn)在的4倍,現(xiàn)在的人數(shù)就是25 million。

43. 細節(jié)理解題。A, B, C都是老人癡呆癥的早期特征, D項指少用腦只會更容易得老人癡呆癥, 而不是它的早期特征。

44. 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文和此句的意義可知答案。

45. 推理判斷題。由第三段The proteins appear to be found only in people with the disease可

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目:高中英語 來源:2012屆江西省上高二中高三考前熱身英語試卷(帶解析) 題型:閱讀理解

In the early 1950s, researchers found that people scored lower on intelligence tests if they spoke more than one language. Research in the sixties found the opposite. Bilingual people scored higher than monolinguals, people who speak only one language. So which is it?
Researchers presented their newest studies last month at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. The latest evidence shows that being bilingual does not necessarily make people smarter. But researcher Ellen Bialystok says it probably does make you better at certain skills.
Ellen Bialystok said, “Imagine driving down the highway. There’re many things that could capture your attention and you really need to be able to monitor all of them. Why would bilingualism make you any better at that?”
And the answer, she says, is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their attention — a function called the executive control system.
Ms. Bialystok is a psychology professor at York University in Toronto, Canada. She says the best method to measure the executive control system is called the Stroop Test. A person is shown words in different colors. The person has to ignore the word but say the color. The problem is that the words are all names of colors.
Ellen Bialystok said, “So you would have the word blue written in red, but you have to say red. But blue is so salient(顯著的), it’s just lighting up all these circuits(電路) in your brain, and you really want to say blue. So you need a mechanism(機制) to override that so that you can say red. That’s the executive control system.”
Her work shows that bilingual people continually practice this function. They have to, because both languages are active in their brain at the same time. They need to suppress(抑制) one to be able to speak in the other.
This mental exercise might help in other ways, too. Researchers say bilingual children are better able to separate a word from its meaning, and more likely to have friends from different cultures. Bilingual adults are often four to five years later than others in developing dementia or Alzheimer’s disease.
【小題1】What’s the best title of the text?

A.Bilingual People, Smarter
B.Monolingual People, Smarter
C.Bilingual People, Longer Lives
D.Bilingual People, Better at Some Skills
【小題2】The underlined word “override” in Paragraph 6 probably means ____.
A.pay attention to B.take no notice of
C.take an interest inD.take care of
【小題3】In the Stroop Test, supposing you have the word yellow written in white, you will have to say ____.
A.whiteB.yellowC.blueD.red
【小題4】Which group of people can most likely pass the Stroop Test?
A.People who can speak only Chinese.
B.People who can speak only Japanese.
C.People who can speak more than one language.
D.People who can speak only English.
【小題5】Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the text?
A.A bilingual child is better at separating a word from its meaning.
B.A bilingual child can more easily make friends with a foreign child.
C.Bilingual people are more able to monitor several things at the same time.
D.It’s not possible for bilingual people to develop Alzheimer’s disease.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源:2010年綏濱一中高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語卷 題型:閱讀理解

A super drug that could remove Alzheimer’s (老年癡呆癥),heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病) and help people live to 100 is being developed by scientists. Their research is based on the identification of three genes that help prolong lives and prevent diseases which occur in old age. Medically controlling the proteins made by the “ longevity genes” will allow millions to live longer, predicts Dr Nir Barzilai.
Those whose DNA strongly features the three genes are 80 percent less likely to develop Alzheimer’s. The genes also fight against the deadly impact of smoking, poor diet, obesity and lack of exercise.
Already, several laboratories are working on a pill to imitate the benefits of the genes and Dr Barzilai thinks it could be tested within three years. The pill could remove some diseases that damage old age. “ The advantage of finding a gene that involves longevity is that we can develop a drug that will imitate exactly what this gene is doing,” he said.
Of the three longevity genes, two genes increase the production of so-called good cholesterol(膽固醇), which reduces the risk of heart disease. The third prevents diabetes. They were discovered by Dr Barzilai’s team while studying the DNA of 500 Ashkenazi Jews with an average age of 100. The chances of living that long are one in 10,000 but the group, which shared relatively few common ancestors, was 20 times more likely to hit the entury. Dr Barzilai said: “ 30 percent of them were obese or overweight and 30 percent smoked two acks of cigarettes a day for more than 40 years, however they can live to 100.”
But Andrew Ketteringham of the Alzheimer’s Society said: “Alzheimer’s disease, a most common disease, is likely to be caused by a combination of genetic disosition(遺傳傾向), lifestyles and life events. Many genes are probably involved.
【小題1】Some people are able to live to 100 years because of ______.

A.a(chǎn) magical medicineB.three special genesC.good living habitsD.longevity proteins
【小題2】Why does the discovery of the longevity genes mean a lot?
A.Because it can bring great benefits to scientific labs.
B.Because it can help people change their unhealthy genes
C.Because it helps produce a drug that can make people live longer.
D.Because it will help scientists build up a new branch of biology.
【小題3】 From Paragraph 4 we can infer that ________.
A.longevity genes can create good cholesterol.
B.the volunteers share some common ancestors
C.bad habits are likely to have no effect on the volunteers
D.longevity genes protect the volunteers against bad habits
【小題4】What is Andrew Ketteringham’s attitude toward the study?
A.PositiveB.NegativeC.CriticalD.Cautious

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源:2011-2012學(xué)年河南省宜陽一中高二3月月考英語試卷 題型:閱讀理解

If a person forgets names , places or facts —and has trouble with everyday things like reading or shopping —it may not mean you are getting old. It could be Alzheimer’s disease. So it’s important to see a doctor as soon as you can.
There is no cure for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms (癥狀).
In studies, ARICEPT has been proved to work for Alzheimer’s. It has helped people improve their memory over time. It has also helped them to keep doing everyday things on their own.
Ask your doctor if ARICEPT is right for you or your loved one. It is the Number One drug for Alzheimer’s in the world. The sooner you know it’s Alzheimer’s, the better ARICEPT can help.
ARICEPT is good for many but may not be good for everyone. Some people may experience not sleeping well, feeling very tired, or not wanting to eat. In studies, these side effects weren’t serious at all and went away over time. Some people taking ARICEPT may feel light-headed. In this case you should tell your doctors because your condition may get worse.
【小題1】 If one suffers from Alzheimer’s, ________.

A.he can’t do everyday things on his ownB.he has trouble with his memory
C.he often forgets things because he is oldD.he can’t move about
【小題2】 What is ARICEPT ?
A.A medicine to cure Alzheimer’s.
B.A medicine to delay signs of aging .
C.A medicine to cure brain damage .
D.A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s .
【小題3】One who is taking ARICEPT should go to see a doctor if he ________.
A.feels like a drunken man B.feels tired out
C.has no desire to eat D.can’t fall asleep

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源:2012-2013學(xué)年遼寧沈陽鐵路實驗中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語卷(帶解析) 題型:閱讀理解

Alzheimer’s disease is a major national health problem. Nearly 2 million Americans over the age of 65 have Alzheimer’s disease. It is a leading cause of death among the elderly. But Alzheimer’s disease is not confined (限于) to the aged. There may be a million or more people under the age of 65 suffering from the disease.
  At one time, people suffering from the disease were said to be“getting old”.The disease was thought to be a natural part of growing old, but it is now known that Alzheimer’s disease strikes young and old alike. It is an organic disease which destroys brain cells.
  Alzheimer’s disease affects the patient’s memory, speech, and movement. In the beginning stages of the disease, the patient may seem slightly confused. He may have trouble speaking, then the patient’s memory begins to fail. He may forget dates, numbers, names and plans.
As the disease progresses, the patient may not recognize family and friends. These symptoms(癥狀) often cause terrible anxiety in the patient. He may feel lost and frightened. Sometimes the patient reacts with wild and bad behavior.
  In the last stages of the disease, the patient may not be able to take care of himself. He may have lost the ability to speak and walk.
  Scientists don’t know exactly what causes Alzheimer’s disease. It may be caused by a virus.It may be caused by a poisonous substance(物質(zhì)) in the environment. At present, there is no cure for the disease. But there are ways to slow its progress. Exercise and physical treatment can help the patients of this disease.
【小題1】The main idea of the passage is that Alzheimer’s disease ________.

A.is a terrible part of the aging process
B.is an organic disease that affects young and old
C.can be cured by physical treatment
D.causes forgetfulness
【小題2】All of the following are symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease EXCEPT________.
A.forgetfulnessB.difficulty in speaking
C.loss of sightD.loss of the ability to walk
【小題3】According to the passage, which of the following may be a cause of Alzheimer’s disease?
A.Poisons produced by the brain.B.Getting old.
C.A virus.D.Lack of exercise.
【小題4】The progress of Alzheimer’s disease can be slowed by________.
A.operationB.a(chǎn) change in environment
C.medicinesD.physical treatment and exercise

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英語 來源:2012-2013學(xué)年浙江省杭州十四中高一上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷(帶解析) 題型:閱讀理解

If practicing an attitude of gratitude(感激) during the storms of life is too much for you right now, that’s OK. When things are tough, most people have a hard time being thankful. They’re so caught up in what’s wrong in the present moment that they simply can’t see some things are still right.
If that’s true for you, then accept it. You’re going through a particularly difficult or unhappy period of time, and you don’t like it one bit. Very normal, very human. But remember this: there is always something to be grateful for. It maybe only a small comfort right now, but it is a start. Make a list of some of the terrible things that didn’t happen. For example:
●You’re in debt...but you’re not homeless.
●You lost your job...but you didn’t lose your health.
●You broke your leg...but you didn’t break your neck.
●Your mother has Alzheimer’s disease...but your father doesn’t.
No matter how bad things are, they could always be worse. Start finding gratitude for what might have happened, but didn’t. It does help a lot. Of course, you may not be thankful for everything— but you can always be thankful for something.
【小題1】The passage is intended for those who ________.

A.have done a lot for othersB.have met with difficulties in life
C.have something to do in returnD.don’t know how to be thankful
【小題2】The writer thinks it ______ for people to feel unhappy in time of difficulty.
A.understandable B.necessary C.impossible D.helpful
【小題3】How many “terrible things that didn’t happen” are listed in this passage?
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
【小題4】What is the purpose of this passage?
A.To discuss ways to make a list of terrible things.
B.To explain what is gratitude towards the storms of life.
C.To persuade people to be thankful for what didn’t happen.
D.To show people different ways to consider their tough situations.
【小題5】How is the passage organized?
A.Explanation—Comparison—Topic
B.Argument—Opinion—Discussion
C.Comparison—Argument—Explanation
D.Introduction—Discussion—Conclusion

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案