As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 16 only once — for a woman who had merely fainted. But the 17 made me quite curious about how 18 this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if 19 with a real midair medical emergency — without access 20 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 21 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 22 a study about in-flight medical events, I read it 23 interest.
The study estimated that there are a(n) 24 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 25 ; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 26 13% of them — roughly four a day — are serious enough to 27 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 28 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.
Let’s face it: plane rides are 29 . For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly 30 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 31 , but passengers with heart disease 32 experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 33 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis — the so-called economy class syndrome (綜合癥). 34 happens, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation (立法), flights with at 35 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.
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【小題1】A
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】A
【小題5】B
【小題6】C
【小題7】D
【小題8】C
【小題9】B
【小題10】D
【小題11】C
【小題12】A
【小題13】A
【小題14】D
【小題15】B
【小題16】C
【小題17】B
【小題18】D
【小題19】A
【小題20】C
解析試題分析：
【小題1】call有召喚、召集之意。在飛機(jī)上有人生病了，就要call a doctor。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)，address指“稱呼某人”，inform是“告訴”的意思，而survey則指“調(diào)查”，都不符合文意。選A
【小題2】此題考查詞匯和上下文理解。飛機(jī)上有人突然暈倒是一件突發(fā)事件，即事故，所以，此題選擇accident。incident指“事件”，disaster指“災(zāi)難”，用在這里，言過(guò)其實(shí)。選A
【小題3】此題考查上下文理解。這種事情發(fā)生的頻率到底有多高呢?作者感到很好奇。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有how often連起來(lái)表示頻率。故選D。
【小題4】此題考查詞匯和上下文理解。經(jīng)觀察，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都加了“ed”表示被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。A、B、C、D選項(xiàng)的意思分別是“面對(duì)”、“對(duì)待”、“識(shí)別”、“假設(shè)”。作者由文章開(kāi)頭的小事故聯(lián)想到如果真在半空中遇到嚴(yán)重的醫(yī)療事故，那自己將怎樣面對(duì)。根據(jù)文意，此處應(yīng)選confronted。選A
【小題5】此處考查詞組的固定搭配access to——“有權(quán)使用、接近”。作者想知道在沒(méi)有醫(yī)院醫(yī)護(hù)人員和緊急醫(yī)療設(shè)備的情況下如何應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)醫(yī)療事故。選B
【小題6】此題考查上下文連接。文意表達(dá)的是：“當(dāng)上周的醫(yī)療周刊登出了關(guān)于機(jī)上醫(yī)療事件的研究時(shí)，我懷著巨大的興趣去讀了�！彼裕@里選when。選C
【小題7】參照上文，“周刊”最可能發(fā)出的動(dòng)作應(yīng)該是“出版”。故選published。選D
【小題8】本題要表達(dá)“帶著興趣”，伴隨用with。選C
【小題9】此處考查上下文理解。作者查出了美國(guó)平均每天機(jī)上突發(fā)醫(yī)療事件的次數(shù)，而數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)一般都會(huì)用平均數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明問(wèn)題。所以，這里選average。其他選項(xiàng)，a sum of、an amount of、a number of分別表示“一筆”、“一些”(后加不可數(shù)名詞)、“一些”(后加可數(shù)名詞)。選B
【小題10】病痛嚴(yán)重與否用serious表達(dá)。所以，這里選serious。D
【小題11】此處答案需從后文查找。能使飛行員改變航道的病與輕微的暈厥進(jìn)行對(duì)比，所以這里的連詞是but。選C
【小題12】此處重點(diǎn)考查詞匯的細(xì)微區(qū)別。inspire(鼓舞)和encourage(鼓勵(lì))顯然不符合要求;require(要求)常用于按照規(guī)定、慣例、環(huán)境等提出的要求去做某某人做某事。根據(jù)原文的意思，機(jī)上有重病患者，這種情況要求飛行員改變航向，挽救生命。選A
【小題13】作者在此處舉例說(shuō)明了什么病是嚴(yán)重的突發(fā)病。這里的空缺結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，表達(dá)“包括”的概念。contain指“容納、包含”，只有include最符合題意。選A
【小題14】此題考查上下文理解。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思是：enjoyable(輕松愉快的)、stimulating(刺激的)、tedious(乏味的)、stressful(壓力大的)。從下文可知，飛機(jī)要飛到海拔5000-000英尺，這個(gè)過(guò)程并不是輕松愉快的，既能引發(fā)病痛，也絕不是乏味的這樣簡(jiǎn)單，所以，這里要選擇stressful。選D
【小題15】此處考查疑問(wèn)代詞。原文意思為：“對(duì)于初乘航班者，高空里機(jī)艙壓力相當(dāng)于生活在海拔5000-000英尺高度的氣壓�！眞hat 指代 pressures，故選B。
【小題16】此題考查上下文理解和詞匯。從下文可知，此處與有心臟病的乘客乘坐飛機(jī)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。意即，大多數(shù)健康的人能輕松應(yīng)付。選擇easily。選C
【小題17】參照上文。由于此文是一個(gè)客觀描述，所以，心臟病患者乘客在缺氧情況下應(yīng)該“可以/可能感到胸痛”。選may。選B
【小題18】前文中提到chest pains，所以這里應(yīng)該用另外一種(another)，故選D。
【小題19】選A——無(wú)論發(fā)生什么。
【小題20】此題考查固定搭配at least。至少，選C
考點(diǎn)：考查夾敘夾議類完型
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文講述了作者由文章開(kāi)頭的小事故聯(lián)想到如果真在半空中遇到嚴(yán)重的醫(yī)療事故，那自己將怎樣面對(duì)。從而引發(fā)的思考。從選項(xiàng)中可以看出，本大題主要還是考查了詞匯的辨析與運(yùn)用，但更加注重綜合語(yǔ)言能力的運(yùn)用，需要根據(jù)故事情節(jié)，了解詞匯用法的同時(shí)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，做出準(zhǔn)確的判斷。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源： 題型：閱讀理解
Should parents ever hit their children?
Research suggests many of us are likely to respond “no”, and public support for spanking(打屁股) has been falling over the years. But surverys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit to spanking their child at least once.
I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment. And, no, I don’t feel I was damaged by it.
Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.
But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn’t the answer.
Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.
Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children and spanking for decades. He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers(同等的人). It may be that children with lower IQqs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been counterpoductive(反作用的) to their mental development, as well.
Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks(用巴掌打) on the bottom are not only harmless but can have some benefit.
Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never spanked. There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physi punished. Gunnoe’s research suggests they don’t turn out any better than those who were sometimes spank.
There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers(脾氣). But I still believe that the best parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical puishment.
According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when .
A．they were dissatisfied with her grade
B．she showed no respect for the elder
C．they cannot control their temper
D．their discipline turns out to be not strict enough
According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished .
A．a(chǎn)re less aggreesive toward others when they get older
B．have slower physical development
C．benefit from occasional spanking
D．may develop lower IQs than their peer
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A．40 percent of children grow up without ever being spanked
B．Children who suffer less physical punishment are better students
C．Occasional open-handed spanking on the bottom are mentally harmful
D．Researchers disagree over whether smacking is mentally harmful to children
The author seems to agree that .
A．parents should determine whether a child needs to be smacked or not
B．children who have been spanked tend to behave better than those who haven’t
C．good parents discipline their children in a fair and reasonable way
D．physical punishment should be the last resort of any parent
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2010-2011學(xué)年四川省南充市高三第二次診斷性考試英語(yǔ)卷 題型：閱讀理解
Should parents ever hit their children?
Research suggests many of us are likely to respond “no”, and public support for spanking(打屁股) has been falling over the years. But surverys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit to spanking their child at least once.
I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment. And, no, I don’t feel I was damaged by it.
Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.
But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn’t the answer.
Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.
Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children and spanking for decades. He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers(同等的人). It may be that children with lower IQqs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been counterpoductive(反作用的) to their mental development, as well.
Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks(用巴掌打) on the bottom are not only harmless but can have some benefit.
Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never spanked. There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physi punished. Gunnoe’s research suggests they don’t turn out any better than those who were sometimes spank.
There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers(脾氣). But I still believe that the best parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical puishment.
1.According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when .
A．they were dissatisfied with her grade
B．she showed no respect for the elder
C．they cannot control their temper
D．their discipline turns out to be not strict enough
2.According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished .
A．a(chǎn)re less aggreesive toward others when they get older
B．have slower physical development
C．benefit from occasional spanking
D．may develop lower IQs than their peer
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?
A．40 percent of children grow up without ever being spanked
B．Children who suffer less physical punishment are better students
C．Occasional open-handed spanking on the bottom are mentally harmful
D．Researchers disagree over whether smacking is mentally harmful to children
4.The author seems to agree that .
A．parents should determine whether a child needs to be smacked or not
B．children who have been spanked tend to behave better than those who haven’t
C．good parents discipline their children in a fair and reasonable way
D．physical punishment should be the last resort of any parent
查看答案和解析>>
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