Our risk of cancer rises rapidly as we age．So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors (腫瘤) or doesn’t it?

While such tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly．With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing．

In many cases, screening can lead to additional examinations and operations to remove cancer, which can cause side effects, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not cause serious health problems in patients’ remaining years．But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained (根深蒂固的) that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a noisy reaction among doctors, patients and social groups．

It’s hard to uproot deeply-held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data．Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment．And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or previous personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly．But for the rest, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy．

A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening—especially considering the explosion of the elderly．

It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for patients．Dr．Otis Brawley said, “Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves from medical disputes．We need to think about the wise use of health care, which means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.”

1.Routine cancer screening for the elderly people makes sense because ______．

A．it is believed to contribute to a long life

B．it is part of their health care package

C．they are more sensitive about the health

D．they are in greater danger of tumor growth

2.How do some researchers now look at routine cancer screening for the elderly?

A．It adds too much to their medical bills.

B．They are doubtful about necessity.

C．It helps increase their life expectancy.

D．They think it does more harm than good．

3.What is the traditional view about women screening for breast cancer?

A．It is a must for adult women．

B．It applies to women over 50．

C．It is intended for young women.

D．It doesn’t apply to women over 74．

4.What does the writer say is the general view about health care?

A．Better care, longer life

B．Prevention is better than cure.

C．Better early than late.

D．The more, the better．

5.Why do many doctors advise routine screening for cancer?

A．They want to take advantage of the medical care system．

B．They want to protect themselves against medical disputes．

C．They want data for medical research．

D．They want their patients to suffer less．

練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年福建師大附中高二上學(xué)期期末英語試卷（解析版） 題型：其他題

根據(jù)中文意思完成句子 (每條橫線上只能填寫一個(gè)單詞)

1.我睡得正香突然我的床開始搖晃。

I was _________ ________ ________ suddenly my bed began shaking.

2.長(zhǎng)白山的高度從海拔700米到2000多米不等。

The height of Changbaishan ________ ________ 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres.

3.樹能夠吸收空氣中的二氧化碳，當(dāng)你看著樹時(shí)還會(huì)使你精神振奮。

Trees can absorb carbon dioxide from the air and ________ _________ _________ when you look at them.

4.我在少年時(shí)期對(duì)吸煙上了癮。

During adolescence I became __________ _________ ___________.

5. 我確實(shí)希望你過和我一樣健康的生活。

I do hope you can live as ________ _________ ________ as I do.

6.要是沒有透視法，就沒有人能畫出如此真實(shí)的畫來。

If it hadn’t been ________ perspective, no one _______ ______ _______ such realistic pictures.

7. 直到我被校足球隊(duì)開除，我才意識(shí)到我該戒煙了。

It was _________ until I was taken ________ the school football team ________ I knew it was time that I ________ up smoking.

8.聽到一聲尖叫，我沖下樓，發(fā)現(xiàn)女房東躺在地板上，失去了意識(shí)。

________ a scream, I rushed downstairs only ________ ________ my hostess lying __________ on the floor.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆江蘇省高三上學(xué)期期中模擬考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

The glorious moment would live in my mind ______ our football team won the championship．（ ）

A．whenB．whereC．thatD．which

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年高陜西西安臨潼區(qū)華清中學(xué)三一�？加⒄Z試卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配

A． How inner beliefs can help

B． Why are habits so important

C． How to develop positive habits

D． Improve your life

E．You can do it

F．Action plan

The single most important factor that contributes to success is what you do every single day．It is as simple as that．Your habits will determine whether you are successful or not．If you have strong and healthy positive habits，it does not matter whether or not you fail today because you are guaranteed to succeed in the long run．

1._________________________________

Because you repeat the same actions and the same behaviors every single day，a single positive action will not change your life，but the same action repeated 1,000 times will have a significant impact on your life．For example，if you go to the gym one time，you won’t see a big difference in your life．However，if you go to the gym 1,000 times over a five year period，you will see a big difference in your body．The same principle applies to finance，health，relationships，work，career，and school．Simple positive actions repeated every single day will have a great impact on your life in the long run．

2._________________________________

There’s nothing easier than developing positive habits．You simply have to do every single day the action you want to make a habit．If you want to develop the habit of running，run almost every day．If you want to develop the habit of eating healthy，eat healthy every day．If you want to develop the habit of reading，read every day．Habits are created by repetition．The more you do an action，the easier it becomes in the long run．

3.__________________________________

If you want to be successful in changing your habits，you should think about changing your inner beliefs about your habits．For example，your old belief was: “I love cigarette because it makes me feel good and relaxed． I need cigarette to be happy and relaxed． ”If you keep this belief，you won’t be able to keep your resolution to stop smoking for very long．Instead，you should adopt this new belief: “I love yoga because it makes me feel good and relaxed． Cigarette is poisonous and destroys my body．Yoga makes me happy．” You should analyze your beliefs and make sure they won’t stop you from changing your habits．The same is true when you try to form positive habits．If you want to start eating healthy food，here are some positive beliefs you should start thinking about: “Healthy food is very good for my health．It gives me a lot of energy and I feel very good． ”

4.___________________________________

It’s now time for you to develop positive habits in your life and avoid your negative habits．Write down 3 positive habits that you would like to develop and 3 negative habits that you would like to get rid of．For each positive habit，write down exactly what actions you’re going to take every single day in order to develop the new habit．For each negative habit，write down exactly what actions you’re not going to take in the next weeks．Here are some positive habits that will lead to success: exercise，healthy food，reading，saving，studying，healthy relationships，hard work，etc． Here are some negative habits to get rid of: gambling，drug and alcohol abuse，overeating，shyness，etc．

5._____________________________________

Everybody can change．All it takes is courage and commitment．Decide right now to improve your life by changing your habits．Take action right now！Don’t be afraid． Yes，you will probably make mistakes along the way．But never forget that success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life．If you refuse to quit，success will be yours．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年遼寧省朝陽市三校協(xié)作體高三一�？荚囉⒄Z試卷（解析版） 題型：語法填空

Joyce: What do you think of the lead teacher’s speech?

Caroline: I think it was __1.__ (interest)．

Joyce: __2.__ do I．I hear Mike is likely to win all the prizes in the exams this year．

Caroline: Yes, his teacher says so．He __3.__ (work) hard at his lessons every evening for months．He want to go to Oxford University next year．

Joyce: I hope he will realize his goal．

Caroline: I hope so．_4.__ I think he works too hard．I hope he’ll go out and enjoy __5.__ for a change．How about your son Carl?

Joyce: Don’t mention him．Carl never starts studying．

Caroline: You’re joking．I heard that Carl __6.__ (win) the composition prize．

Joyce: You have made __7.__ mistake．That is White Carl．My son is Brown Carl．The whites live in the same community __8.__ we do．White Carl has always been so hard working．He wants to be a __9._ (write)．My son likes going to the concert．He only likes singing．

Caroline: _10.__ he practices singing, he will become a singer in the future．

Joyce: Not all people can become a singer．I don’t think he has the talent．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年江蘇南京鹽城兩市高三一�？荚囉⒄Z試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Exercise seems to be good for the human brain，with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills．But an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect — that is，if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise，do our brains respond accordingly？The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our lives．

While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits，recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect．So researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign decided to focus on expectations，on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking．If people’s expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits，then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placebo effect and not of exercise．

For the new study，which was published last month in PLOS One，the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system，they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and toning regimens (拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)) performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinking．The other volunteers were asked the same questions，but about a regular walking program．

In actual experiments，stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on people’s cognitive skills．Walking，on the other hand，seems to substantially improve thinking ability．

But the survey respondents believed the opposite，estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking．The estimates of benefits from walking were lower．

These data，while they do not involve any actual exercise，are good news for people who do exercise．“The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart，a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University，who led the study．

If expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise，Mr．Stothart said，then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching．They didn’t，implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine．

The findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may，in the process，improve thinking，Mr．Stothart said． That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how，at a molecular level，exercise remodels the human brain，he said． It also should encourage the rest of us to move，since the benefits are，it seems，not imaginary，even if they are in our head．

1.Which of the following about the placebo effect is TRUE according to the passage？

A． It occurs during exercise．

B． It has cognitive benefits．

C． It is just a mental reaction．

D． It is a physiological response．

2.Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research？

A． To discover the placebo effect in the exercise．

B． To prove the previous studies have a big drawback．

C． To test whether exercise can really improve cognition．

D． To encourage more scientists to get involved in the research．

3.What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out？

A． They employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise．

B． The result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists．

C． The participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability．

D． Their conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effect．

4.What might be the best title for the passage？

A． Is it necessary for us to take exercise？

B． How should people exercise properly？

C． What makes us smarter during exercise？

D． Does exercise really make us smarter？

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年江蘇南京鹽城兩市高三一�？荚囉⒄Z試卷（解析版） 題型：單項(xiàng)填空

Maury Brown of Forbes reports that Major League Baseball’s annual ________ for 2014 will top $9 billion．

A． allowances B． revenues

C． rates D． Accounts

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆河北保定市高三上學(xué)期摸底考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A.B\C和D）中，選出可以填人空白

處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

The easy way out isn't always the easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug, my husband of one month, to a special meal. I to make homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I it as soon as Doug left for work.

As l was not in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I .everything. As Doug loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and it all into the bowl. Soon there was a sticky dough（面團(tuán)）covered with yellowish marks. Realizing I was ，I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so 1 wouldn't have to Doug laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the ,and when Doug got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed . Twice he got up and went outside, saying he heard a ．

The third time he left, I went to the window to see what he was doing. I saw Doug standing about three feet from the ,holding the lid up with a stick and looking .When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something in our rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up. enough for me to see. I felt .But I stepped. closer and looked harder. Without it was my work. The hot had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast（酵母})made the surface. and sigh as though it were breathing.

I could see why Doug was shaken. I had to admit what the“ "was and why it was there. I don't know who was more by the whole thing---Doug or me.

1.A. chose B. managed C. had D. remembered

2.A. looked for B. got ready for C. started on D. worried about ，

3.A. weak B. interested C. successful D. experienced

4.A. used B. collected C doubled _ D. tried

5.A. poured B. watered C. dipped D. threw

6.A.pleasant B. ugly C. big D. light

7.A. defeated B. injured C. dropped.. ,.. D. lost.

8.A.feel B. keep C. face.. D. stop

9.A. bread B. orange' C．rice D. meal

10.A.disappointed B. disturbed. C. frightened. D. ashamed

11.A. voice B. cry C. shout D. noise

12.A.window B. house C. rubbish bin D. door

13.A. around B. upward C. inside D. out

14.A. alive B. important C. new D. different

15.A. happy B. cold ' C. angry D. inspired

16.A. hesitation B. doubt C. delay D. exception

17.A. pot B. floor ' C. earth D. sun

18.A. burn B. walk C. shake D. work

19.A. art B. work C. trouble maker D .living thing

20.A. embarrassed B. nervous C. regretful D. awkward

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年湖南岳陽一中高二上學(xué)期期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：書面表達(dá)

書面表達(dá)

假定你是高二年級(jí)的李明,從網(wǎng)上得知一個(gè)國(guó)際中學(xué)生組織將在英語興辦夏令營(yíng),歡迎各國(guó)學(xué)生參加.請(qǐng)寫一封電子郵件申請(qǐng)參加.內(nèi)容主要包括:

1.自我介紹(包括英語能力);

2.參加意圖(介紹中國(guó),了解其他國(guó)家);

3.希望獲準(zhǔn).

注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;

3. 郵件開頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù).

夏令營(yíng) the Summer Camp

Dear Sir or Madam,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案