話題鏈接：China's First Spaceman Yang Liwe

　　With a Long March-II-F carrier rocket(運(yùn)載火箭)pushing Shenzhou Ⅴ into the orbit some 300 kilometers away from the Earth Wednesday morning, Yang Liwei, 38, turns out to be China's first astronaut in space．

　　At 9 am Wednesday(Beijing time), Yang, aboard Shenzhou Ⅴ white in color, took off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on the Gobi desert in northwest China's Gansu province．

　　He is expected to land somewhere on central Inner Mongolia grassland at 7 a.m．Thursday, after orbiting the earth 14 times．Yang will be traveling some 500 000 kilometers in space in 21 hours, a “traveler's record” in the world's most populous nation with a 5000-year-old civilization(文明)．

　　When Shenzhou-5 entered orbit on schedule, the ground command center received a message sent by Yang from outer space, saying that “everything goes smoothly”．His name, however, had remained unknown until 5 am Wednesday．At 5 am sharp Wednesday, Yang was seen waving his hands to a group of journalists from inside a glass-shielded(有防護(hù)玻璃的)room at the Jiuquan launch center, with two other astronauts sitting beside him as “backups”．Yang, who looked calm, found himself in a shower of camera flashlights．He responded with a broad smile．

　　In an exclusive(高級(jí))interview with Xinhua, Yang expressed full confidence in China's first manned space flight．

　　Su Shuangning, director-general and chief designer of the astronaut system under China's manned space program, described Yang as a sober-minded(沉著冷靜的)person with a “superb capability of self-control”．

　　While a fighter pilot, Yang had 1350 hours of flight experience．He was chosen, along with 13 others, from among 1500 pilots for space flight training．Yang's colleagues described him as a man with a good team spirit, a man of dedication(奉獻(xiàn)) to his career．Friends at his hometown, Suizhong County of northeast China's Liaoning Province, remember that Yang had dreamed of flying when still a child．Yang was recruited(招募)by the No．2 Aviation College of the PLA Air Force in September 1983 and became a fighter pilot after graduation with bachelor's degree．In 1998, Yang became a member of China's first team of astronauts．Yang, 168 cm tall, is a lieutenant colonel．He has an eight-year-old son, and his wife, Zhang Yumei, also serves in China's space program．

　　According to Su Shuangning, China's first team of astronauts are all capable of working and living in space thanks to five years of rigid(嚴(yán)格的)physical, psychological and technical training．He said that Yang Liwei was one of the best in the team．

　　In an Astronaut Training Base in Beijing, China's would-be astronauts had lessons necessary for space flight, including aviation dynamics, air dynamics, geophysics, meteorology, astronomy, space navigation, design principle and structure of rockets and spacecraft, as well as equipment examination．Moreover, they received systematic(系統(tǒng)的)training in space flight in simulators(模擬器)．

　　“To establish myself as a qualified astronaut, I have studied harder than in my college years and have received training much tougher than for a fighter pilot, ” said Yang．

　　If the spaceship's re-entry module(模塊)could not land at the pre-set areas and the recovery team could not rush to the spot on time, the astronaut must act for self-rescue．“Therefore, survival skills have become one of the most important knowledge for the astronauts to grasp, ”said Su Shuangning．“Through rigorous(嚴(yán)酷的)training, our astronauts have learned how to survive under extreme conditions．”Twenty-five days before the launch of Shenzhou-5, the would-be astronauts started exercising in the real spacecraft at the Jiuquan Launch Center．

　　“When I boarded the spacecraft for the first time, I couldn't help feeling excited, ” Yang recalled．“I decided that I must fly it．”

　　At 6∶15 a.m．Wednesday, Yang got seated in the re-entry module of Shenzhou-5, atop a 58.3-meter-high Long March-II-F carrier rocket．Between 1999 and 2002, Long March-II-F carrier rockets were used to launch four unmanned spacecraft into orbit, and all the launches were successful．

想一想：After reading the passage, what made him become successful?What can you learn from him?

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　　話題鏈接：Proper habits of nutrition can be developed by paying attention to the variety of foods included in the diet; and the quantity of each kind of food eaten．A diet, or the food regularly eaten, must contain all the nutritional(營(yíng)養(yǎng)的)elements．Different food contains different vitamins(維生素)，let's look at the food one by one．

　　EGGS

　　Eggs are an excellent source of complete protein(蛋白質(zhì))；they contain all essential amino acids(氨基酸)．One large egg contains 7 or 8 grams of first-class protein．Also found in eggs are vitamins A, B2, D, and E; niacin(煙酸)；copper; iron; phosphorus(磷)；and unsaturated(不飽和的)fats．The egg yolk contains the richest known source of choline, found in lecithin and necessary for keeping the cholesterol (膽固醇)within the egg emulsified(蛋白)．The egg yolk also contains biotin(維生素H)，one of the B-complex vitamins．

　　FIBER

　　Fiber is the part of food that is not digested by the human body, such as the skin of an apple and the husk(殼，皮)of a wheat kernel．The normal functioning of the intestinal tract depends upon the presence of adequate fiber．A low-fiber diet has been associated with heart disease, cancer of the colon and rectum(直腸)，diverticulosis(瘢痕形成)，varicose veins(紋理)，phlebitis(靜脈炎)，and obesity．

　　FISH

　　Fish are excellent sources of high-grade protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and minerals, especially iodine(碘)and potassium(鉀)．Fish are categorized as freshwater fish, saltwater fish, and shellfish．These types differ slightly in nutritive value．Freshwater fish provide magnesium(鎂)，phosphorus, iron, and copper．Saltwater fish and shellfish are rich in iodine, fluorine(氟)，and cobalt (鈷)．Fatty fish, such as halibut(比目魚(yú))，mackerel(鯖魚(yú))，and salmon, are good sources of vitamins A and D．Herring, oysters, and sardines contain vanadium and zinc．Shellfish are low fatty acids but are relatively high in cholesterol．

　　FRUITS

　　Fresh fruits are good sources of vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin A and C, carbohydrates in the form of cellulose and natural sugars, and water．They are good substitutes of such high-carbohydrate(碳水化合物)foods as candy, cookies, and cakes, which contain few nutrients．Yellow fruits, such as apricots, cantaloupe(香瓜)，and persimmons(柿子)，are good sources of carotene(胡蘿卜素)，which is converted to vitamin A．Aside from acerola cherries and rose hips, the best natural sources of vitamin C are the citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and tangerines(橘)；other sources of vitamin C are cantaloupe, strawberries, and tomatoes．Apples and bananas contain valuable bulk fiber in the form of indigestible(不可吸收的)cellulose, which is needed for regular bowel movement．Bananas are high in magnesium(鎂)and may be useful for treatment of diarrhea, colitis, ulcers, and certain cases of protein allergies．Bananas and pears are the highest in natural sugars．

　　GRAINS

　　Grains are often referred to as cereals ;they are the seeds of various grasses such as wheat, oats, rice, and barley．Often called the “staff of life”, they provide the bulk of the world's food supply．Common foods made from these grains are flours, breads, breakfast cereals, and macaroni．

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　　As a student,you must want to know something about American high school students．In fact, just like in China, in the United States, high school is usually divided into two parts, one is called “junior high school” and the other is “senior high school”．

　　In China, children enjoy free education of nine years, but in the United States, the students enjoy free education until they are eighteen years old．As a result of the free education system, American children have little difficulty in going to senior high school．

　　American high school students can take part in a lot of activities outside the classroom, such as joining a music group or a sports team．Certainly, just like students in China, American students have to work hard in order to get good marks if they want to go to a good university．They don’t specialize(專攻)in any special subjects, and they take classes in all kinds of subjects all through the high school time．And those who come out with low marks at the end of a school year and who are supposed to stay a grade are often allowed to go on to the next grade．

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