CANBERRA (Reuters Life!) - Think twice before eating those dropped crumbs off your computer keyboard -- you might as well be eating off a toilet seat, according to a new study on the amount of germs on keyboards.
A study by British "Which? Computing" asked a microbiologist to examine for bugs on 33 keyboards in a typical London office, a toilet seat and a toilet door handle.
Four keyboards were judged potential health hazards and the microbiologist recommended the removal of one keyboard as it had 150 times the pass limit of bacteria -- five times filthier than the swabbed toilet seat.
"Most people don't give much thought to the grime that builds up on their PC, but if you don't clean your computer, you might as well eat your lunch off the toilet," said Sarah Kidner, the consumer magazine editor of "Which? Computing" in a statement.
The study found that eating lunch at desks is the main cause of a bug-infested keyboard. Dropped crumbs and food encourages the growth of millions of bacteria.
Poor personal hygiene, such as not washing hands after going to the toilet, may also add to the dirtiness of keyboards.
But despite the health hazard of a dirty keyboard, a survey of 4,000 people by the magazine found one in 10 people ever cleaned their keyboard while another two in 10 never cleaned their mouse.
Almost half -- or 46 per cent -- cleaned their keyboard less than once a month.
To clear out bugs, the magazine recommends users unplug keyboards, turn them upside down and shake them.
小題1:The purpose of the passage is             .
A．tell us something about the keyboards.
B．warn people to clean the keyboards often.
C．tell us how to clean the keyboard
D．tell us the germs on keyboards
小題2:What do you think the expression “Think twice before eating those dropped crumbs off your computer keyboard” stands for?
A．Think several times before eating beside your computer
B．Don’t drop foods onto the computer keyboard.
C．Don’t eat foods dropped onto the computer keyboard.
D．Be careful when you are eating by the computer.
小題3:What are the main causes of a bug-infested keyboard?
A．Dropped crumbs and food encourages the growth of millions of bacteria.
B．Poor personal hygiene
C．Much dirt on the computer keyboard.
D．Dropped crumbs and food and Poor personal hygiene
小題4:"Which? Computing" is probably a name of            .
A．An organizationB．a(chǎn) newspaper
C．a(chǎn) reportD．a(chǎn) magazine

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:D

小題1:主旨大意題。從全文可知，作者建議人們注意鍵盤清潔。
小題2:詞義猜測題。由下文可知，下文講了鍵盤很臟。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中第五、六段可知。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從“…Kidner, the consumer magazine editor of "Which? Computing" in a statement.”可知。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Most of us think that when we step under a shower we’re getting clean．We are, but we’re also giving a home to lots of tiny little creatures we didn’t even know about．
A showerhead carries thousands of bacteria (細(xì)菌) called Mycobacterium．These can cause problems like coughs and tiredness, and a general feeling of poorliness (身體不舒服)．When you turn on the water, the bacteria go from the showerhead onto and into your body．
This is a finding of Norman R．Pace and his team at the University of Colorado, in the US．The scientists investigated bacteria in all kinds of human environment, including showers．
Pace's team looked at 45 showerheads in nine American cities．They discovered that 30 percent of them had large amounts of flying Mycobacterium．
But Pace said that they pose few threats to the health．Only those with a frail (脆弱的) immune (免疫的) system might need to worry．
He told the New York Times that the bactertia are not as unpleasant as might be thought．He said that having a shower is no more dangerous than anything else we do in the morning．
But for those who feel sick about the idea of all those microorganisms (微生物), he had some advice．
Let the water run for 30 seconds before getting into the shower．Why? The number of bacteria is smaller than when the water is just turned on．If that seems like a waste of water, he added that you could also change your showerhead every few months．
But Pace had good news too．He has also been testing the air in US subways．Apart from iron particles (粒子), which are ground off the track by the wheels of trains, subway air is fresh．The reason is that a train’s movement pumps fresh outdoor air into the tunnels(隧道)．
Pace explained that he wanted to understand the natural microbial(微生物的) environments of public places．This kind of knowledge might help detect the microbes to be used in a bioterrorist (生物恐怖分子) attack．
49．According to the finding of Norman R．Pace, after taking a shower, we might ______．
A．get much dirtier                B．be covered by bacteria
C．get a frail immune system      D．catch a cough or feel tired
50．Pace’s research into showers shows that ______．
A．there is no reason to fear microorganism
B．shower water contains much less bacteria after being left to run for 30 second
C．having a shower in the morning is more dangerous than at other time
D．of 45 showerheads surveyed in nine cities, 30 carried large amounts of Mycobacterium
51．According to the research of Pace’s team, which of the following contributes to fresh air in US subways?
A．Train wheels．               B．Iron particles．
C．The movement of the trains． D．Air conditioners on the trains．
52．The word “detect” in the last paragraph probably means “______”．
A．to discover      B．to protect        C．to make   D．to prevent

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Drinking wine in moderation improves the IQ and may boost mental agility in old people,according to Japanese researchers.
A study of the effects of alcohol on the middle aged and elderly found the average IQ of men who drink wine (whether made from grapes or rice) was 3.3 points higher than that of men who do not imbibe.
Similarly,the IQ of women drinkers showed an improvement of 2.5 points over their teetotal sisters.The findings are part of an ongoing study by Japan’s National Institute for Longevity into the links between human intelligence and what we eat and drink.
The tests measured general knowledge,powers of judgment and concentration in drinkers and non-drinkers over 40,all living in Aichi prefecture,central Japan,and sharing the same income level-roughly￡50 000 a year—and educational background.All were university graduates.
But while wine-drinkers appeared to be brighter,the same was not true of those who drank deer,shochu (a local gin) and whisky.
“The benefits of wine and sake (rice wine) in raising IQ could be due to substances they contain,such as polyphenol,which are believed to slow the ageing process,” Hiroshi Shimokata,head of epidemiology research,said.
It was premature to conclude,he added,that drinking wine or sake slowed the deterioration of brain functions in the elderly,or warded off senility.The research does,however,suggest that this is one way to stay mentally alert longer.
But there is a sobering caveat:drinking too much may make you dimmer.“People who drink more than 540 milli-litres (a little over a pint) of sake or wine a day had lower intelligence quotients than those who did not drink at all,”Hiroshi Shimokata said.“Moderation is very important.”
小題1:Which one is the topic of the passage?
A．Drinking wine in a large amount improves the IQ of old people.
B．Drinking wine in a reasonable amount raises the IQ of old people.
C．Drinking wine in moderation does good to any one.
D．Drinking wine helps improve the IQ of women.
小題2:According to the passage,which of the following is NOT wrong?
A．Every wine drinker’s IQ is 3.3 points higher than that of men who don’t drink.
B．The IQ of women drinker is 2.5 points lower than that of the non-drinking women.
C．Drinking beer and whisky cannot improve one’s IQ.
D．Drinking wine can only do good to the IQ of rich old people.
小題3:The reason why wine and sake can improve IQ is that _________.
A．wine and sake have special taste
B．wine and sake can make us excited
C．wine and sake contain substances considered to slow the ageing process
D．wine and sake contain something believed to prevent us from ageing
小題4:From the text,it seems that we can conclude _________.
A．the more wine we drink,the brighter we are
B．the less wine we drink,the brighter we are
C．drinking wine less than 540ml a day,we’ll become dimmer
D．drinking wine in moderation,we’ll become brighter

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

People Born in Autumn Live Longer
People born in the autumn live longer than those born in the spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist.
Using census（人口普查）data for more than one million people in Austria, Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Planck Institute in the northern German town of Rostock found the month of birth was related to life expectancy（預(yù)期壽命）over the age of 50. Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a new-born baby and could influence its life expectancy in older age. “A mother giving birth in spring spends the last phase of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat less vitamins than in summer,” said Gabriele Doblhammer, one of a team of scientists who carried out the research. “When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies are prone (易于)to infections of the digestive system.” In Austria, adults born in autumn (October-December) lived about seven months longer than those born in spring (April-June), and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture was similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn—the European spring—lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data. Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists, Doblhammer said.
But on the other hand, according to a study of more 40,000 people, those born in spring and summer report themselves luckier than those born in autumn or winter. Professor Richard Wise-man who led the research explained that the temperature at the time of birth might influence the development of the brain and seasonal factors make a difference as well.
小題1:The underlined word “outlived” in the text probably means ________.
A．lived out ofB．depended on
C．had a shorter life thanD．lived longer than
小題2:The census data of the following countries is used for research EXCEPT _______.
A．Germany.B．Denmark.
C．Australia.D．Austria.
小題3:What’s the main idea of this text?
A．Nutrition at all times of the year has improved since the beginning of the 20th century.
B．In Austria, adults born in autumn (October—December) lived about seven months longer than those born in spring (April—June).
C．People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall ill when they are older.
D．Babies are prone to infections of the digestive system.
小題4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A．Infections occurring at different times of the year influence the health of a new-born baby.
B．The study focused on people born in the late 20th century.
C．A mother giving birth in spring eats less vitamins during the last phase of her pregnancy in winter.
D．What mothers ate during pregnancy could have an impact on the babies’ life expectancy in older age.
小題5:The right sentence of the following is ________.
A．The month of birth was not related to life expectancy over the age of 50.
B．A mother giving birth in spring spends the last phase of her pregnancy in winter, eating more vitamins than in summer.
C．Stopping breast-feeding and starting giving babies normal food must make babies prone to get infected with the digestive system in the hot weeks of summer.
D．Adults born in the Australian autumn―the European spring―lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

June 26, 2000 — the Human Genome(基因組) Project, a great $3 billion, 15-year task aimed at drawing the genetic map of humans, is now more than 90 percent completed. The scientific and medical communities are very excited about the chances genetic research provides for getting rid of diseases and prolonging(延長) human life. But those communities and policy makers also are careful about the scientific door they are opening as the project uncovers the mysteries of life.
For the last few years, the genetic advances in the developing field of biotechnology have provides material for all kinds of work, but the developments of modern science in unlocking the secrets of the human genetic code(密碼) have opened a world of possibilities for human health, as well as for the popular imagination.
While European and Japanese researchers are making rapid progress in decoding(解碼) human DNA, the leading organization for genetic research is in the United States, which began in 1990, is “unlocking the code” of the human body to learn how to defeat fatal diseases. Already, the Human Genome Project has become widely known and praised for finding the genes connected with terrible diseases as yet(迄今), and making progress toward separating the genes that show a sign of breast cancer or AIDS.
Once these genes are found and studied, researchers can develop new ways to attack infections, and genetic diseases. Medical companies are very interested in mapping the human genome, as they expect to develop a lot of new drugs for these illnesses.
小題1: Why did the scientists work hard at mapping the human genome?
A．Because the human genome can destroy many illnesses.
B．Because the human genome's completion can help them get rid of many diseases.
C．Because they wanted to be better known than others.
D．Because the human genome can provide a lot of chances of work.
小題2:Which country studied the genes most rapidly in the world?
A．Japan.B．Germany.C．The United States.D．China.
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true?
A．If the genes can be found, scientists can study many new ways to cure illnesses.
B．The scientists have made great progress in connecting the genes with the cancers.
C．Many medical companies show great interest in drawing the human genome map.
D．The United States began the Genes Study early in the 19th century.
小題4:The author suggests that the Human Genome Project can cause _______.
A．the policy makers to feel very worried and careful
B．the scientists to work harder
C．many people to find work easily
D．a(chǎn) lot of companies to produce many new drugs
小題5:The main idea of this article is about _______.
A．unlocking genetic code
B．the genes' discovery
C．the great human genome
D．the genes and the scientists

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Even as Americans have been gaining weight, they have cut their average fat intake from 36 to 34 percent of their total diets in the past 15 years.  And indeed,  cutting fat  to control or lose weight makes sense. Fat has nine calories per gram. Protein and carbohydrates（碳水化合物） have just four. Moreover, the body uses fewer calories to metabolize fat than it does to metabolize other foods. Compared with protein and carbohydrates — which break down into amino acids and simple sugars, respectively, and can be used to strengthen and energize the body —— dietary fat is more easily converted to body fat. Therefore, it’s more likely to stay on buttocks, thighs and bellies.? 
But cutting fat from your diet doesn’t necessarily mean your body won’t store fat. For example, between nonfat and regular cookies, there’s trivial difference in calories because manufacturers make up for the loss of fat by adding sugar. Low-fat crackers, soups and dressings can also be just as high in calories as richer versions. No matter where the calories come from, overeating will still cause weight again. The calories from fat just do it a little quicker. A Wisconsin computer programmer who decided with a diet coach to eat only 40 grams of fat a day learned the lesson firsthand. He wasn’t losing weight. Then he showed his food diary to his coach and revealed he’d been eating half a pound of jelly beans a day. “They don’t have any fat,” he explains. But they had enough sugar to keep him from shedding an ounce. ? 
Nonfat foods become add-on foods. When we add them to our diet, we actually increase the number of calories we eat per day and gain weight. That was borne out in a Pennsylvania State University study. For breakfast, Prof. Barbara Rolls gave two groups of women yogurt（酵母乳）that contained exactly the same amount of calories. One group’s yogurt label said “high fat”—the other, “l(fā)ow fat.” The “l(fā)ow fat” yogurt group ate significantly more calories later in the day than the other group. “People think they’ve saved fat and can indulge themselves later in the day with no adverse consequences,” says Richard Mattes, a nutrition researcher at Purdue University. “But when they do that, they don’t compensate very precisely, and they often end up overdoing it.”
小題1:What lessons did the computer programme learn ?
A．Overeating will cause weight gain
B．He can eat half a pound of jellybeans a day
C．He can’t didn’t eat any fat
D．His coach gave him a lecture
小題2:Prof. Barbara’s ecperiement proved that _______________.
A．two groups ate the same amount of calories
B．two groups ate the same wmount of yogurt
C．the “ low fat” yogurt group ate more calories later in the day than the other group
D．people increase the number of calories they eat per day and gain group
小題3:According to the author ,________has less calories.
A．fat
B．protein and carbohydrates
C．low-fat soups
D．sugar
小題4: What can you infer from the text ?
A．To keep from being overweight, people have to eat nofat food
B．The calories from fat just do it a little quicker than from protein and carbohydrates
C．People should avoid temptation
D．Americans realize that it is necessary to count calories before eating the food

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Anti-bird flu contingency (意外事故) measures, including a proposal to separate poultry from humans and a series of traffic and logistics (后勤) measures will be discussed at the Legislative Council's Food Safety and Environmental Hygiene Panel meeting next month. Secretary for Health, Welfare and Food Dr York Chow says the contingency plan would come into force if an outbreak occurred near Hong Kong.
Speaking on a radio talk show this morning, Dr Chow said the separation of poultry from humans policy, which will be determined after a decision whether to set up a central slaughtering (屠宰) house or several regional ones, would be based on the demand for live chickens.
He pointed out that at present there were 30,000 live chickens imported from the Mainland and 30,000 supplied locally. If this demand persisted, there would be no central slaughtering house or wholesale point that could handle such an amount and regional slaughtering houses could be the choice.
He added that building of regional slaughtering houses took time, but stressed the need to study the views of the public and the sector before a final decision was made.
Regarding avian flu vaccination (種痘) for humans, Dr Chow said it was still being developed. He added that it may not be reliable in the case of an outbreak as records show vaccination can only offer 5% protection against a virus.
He said Hong Kong had more experience and expertise than neighbouring territories in the fight against viral outbreaks, and was willing to offer them help. He added there was no “boundary” for infectious diseases and close cooperation among different countries had to be maintained to fight against a possible outbreak.
小題1: It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ______.
A．the government is planning to take strong action to fight against bird flu
B．a(chǎn)n outbreak which happened near Hong Kong made people very frightened
C．a(chǎn)nti-bird flu contingency measures will come into use next month
D．Dr York Chow will organize a meeting to discuss the contingency plan
小題2:According to the passage, the best way to fight against bird flu is to ______.
A．separate poultry from humansB．set up a central slaughtering house
C．set up several regional slaughtering housesD．get avian flu vaccination
小題3:When the final decision will be made mainly depends on ______.
A．the demand for live chickensB．the views of the public
C．the advice from experts
D．the time when regional slaughtering houses will be finished
小題4:Which of the following statements isn’t Dr York Chow’s opinion?
A．Hong Kong is better at dealing with viral outbreaks than its neighbours.
B．Infectious diseases could happen in any country.
C．Other territories should ask Hong Kong for help because it has more experience.
D．Cooperation is quite necessary when danger is coming.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you blank out or feel so nervous in exams that you have trouble writing answers to questions that you knew just last night? If so, you likely have a case of test anxiety.
But, don't be afraid. By recognizing the problem, you are taking the first step towards overcoming it.
Believe it or not, a touch of nervousness can sharpen your mind, allowing you to perform more quickly. This is because under stress, the body releases (釋放) the hormone adrenaline (腎上腺素), which prepares it for something important that will happen. However, too much anxiety can result in sleeplessness, loss of appetite（胃口）before tests, and poor performance. Some people might feel hot and tired. With great anger they often shout or complain for no reason.
If you worry a lot or are a perfectionist, you are more likely to have trouble with test anxiety. Those who have prepared poorly for a test or have had negative experiences taking tests may also experience test anxiety.
When you feel a storm of anxiety coming on, stop what you're doing and make your mind a blank. If possible, actually tell yourself to 'STOP!' This will get your mind off the stress.
Then think of being at a place of comfort and let your body relax. As you continue the test, find questions you know the answers to and answer them first. This will help restore your confidence. 
Important of all, talk to yourself using positive language. Make it a habit to replace each negative thought with a logical reason. For example: "I've studied hard and I know the material, so I'm ready to do the best I can."
Another thing you can do is to learn to accept mistakes. In fact, they can be valuable learning opportunities.
Last but not least, start test preparation early - three to five days ahead of the quiz or test. After all, good study habits and skills - for example, time management and note-taking - will give you the feeling that you are in control.
小題1: The best title of the passage is probably______
A．How to beat test anxiety.
B．What is test anxiety.
C．The effects of test anxiety.
D．Experience test anxiety will help you.
小題2:Those ______ more easily suffer from test anxiety.
A．who are not well prepared for a test.
B．who wants everything to be perfect and highest.
C．who have experiences of failure in exams.
D．who do poorly in their study.
小題3:The author mentions _____pieces of suggestions about how to get over test anxiety.
A．3B．4C．5D．6
小題4:What can we infer from the passage？
A．Mistakes sometime can be valuable and helpful.
B．Those who have prepared poorly for a test cause test anxiety easily.
C．Full test preparations will give you the feeling that you are in control.
D．A touch of anxiety can have a positive effect.
小題5:The underlined word “hot” in Paragraph3 means        .
A．disappointedB．a(chǎn)ngryC．a(chǎn)ctiveD．running a high body temperature

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空



A shopkeeper sent his son to learn about the secret of happiness. The boy wandered through the wilds for many days. He   ____   reached a beautiful castle, where a wise man lived.
Entering the   ____， the boy saw the wise man talking with some people listening   ____. It was two hours before it was his    ____.     The boy explained why he had come. The wise man suggested that the boy   ____   and return in two hours.
“Meanwhile, I want you to do something”， said the wise man, handing the boy a spoon that held two drops of    ____. “As you walk around, carry this spoon without allowing the oil to spill (溢出)．”
The boy began   ___   up and down many stairs, keeping his eyes fixed on the   ____. After two hours, he returned to the room where the wise man was.
The wise man asked, “Did you see the Persian tapestries (壁毯)    ____    in my dining hall? Did you see the    ____   that took a master gardener ten years to build？”
The boy was   ___， and admitted that he had observed nothing. His only   ____   was not to spill the oil he was given.
“Go back and observe the marvels of my world”， said the wise man.  “You cannot    ____    a man if you know nothing about his house.”
Relieved, the boy picked up the spoon and   ____   his exploration again. This time he observed all the   ____   of art on the ceilings and the walls. Upon returning, he related   ____   everything he had seen.
“But where are the drops of oil I had given to you？” asked the wise man. Looking down at the spoon he   ____， the boy saw that the oil was   ____.
“Well, there is only one piece of    ____    I can give you”， said the wise man. “The secret of happiness is to    ____   all the marvels of the world and never to forget the drops of oil on the spoon.”
小題1:
A．suddenlyB．happily
C．finallyD．a(chǎn)ccidentally
小題2:
A．castleB．palace
C．cottageD．kitchen
小題3:
A．eagerlyB．a(chǎn)ttentively
C．seriouslyD．quietly
小題4:
A．conversationB．report
C．chanceD．turn
小題5:
A．look aroundB．look back
C．set downD．set out
小題6:
A．milkB．water
C．oilD．coffee
小題7:
A．sweepingB．climbing
C．runningD．jumping
小題8:
A．manB．castle
C．wayD．spoon
小題9:
A．hangingB．knitting
C．storingD．flying
小題10:
A．houseB．farm
C．gardenD．lake
小題11:
A．disappointedB．embarrassed
C．surprisedD．confused
小題12:
A．worryB．plan
C．energyD．concern
小題13:
A．trustB．suggest
C．a(chǎn)cceptD．thank
小題14:
A．soughtB．continued
C．beganD．stopped
小題15:
A．treasuresB．works
C．designsD．exhibits
小題16:
A．in detailB．in common
C．in generalD．in particular
小題17:
A．containedB．needed
C．boughtD．held
小題18:
A．stolenB．gone
C．dryD．ready
小題19:
A．discoverB．keep
C．ownD．see
小題20:
A．informationB．clothing
C．a(chǎn)dviceD．equipment

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