Sleep deprivation(缺失)is an important hidden factor in lowering the achievement of school pupils, according to researchers carrying out international education tests.

It is a particular problem in richer countries with sleep experts linking it to the use of mobile phones and computers in bedroom late at night. Sleep deprivation is such a serious problem that lessons have to be dragged down to a lower level to suit sleep-deprived learners, the study found. The international comparison, carried out by Boston College, found the United States to have the highest number of sleep-deprived students, with 73% of 9- and 10-year-olds and 80% of 13- and 14-year-olds identified by their teachers as being negatively affected.

In literacy(讀寫能力) tests there were 76% of 9- and 10-year-olds lacking sleep. This was much higher than the international average of 47% of primary pupils needing more sleep and 57% among the secondary age group.

Other countries with the most sleep-deprived youngsters were New Zealand, Saudi Arabia, Australia, England, Ireland and France. High-performing Finland is also among the most lacking in sleep. Countries with the best records for getting enough sleep include Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Portugal, the Czech Republic, Japan and Malta.

The analysis was part of the huge date-gathering process for global education rankings, the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study(TIMSS)and Progress in International Reading Literacy Study(PIRLS)

“I think we underestimate the impact of sleep. Our data show that across countries internationally, on average, children who have more sleep achieve higher in maths, science and reading. That is exactly what our data show,” says Chad Minnich of the TIMSS and PIRLS International Study Center.

“It’s the same link for children who are lacking basic nutrition,” says Mr Minnich, based at the Lynch School of Education, Boston College. “If you are unable to concentrate, to attend mentally, you are unable to achieve at your best level, because your mind and body are in need of something more basic. Sleep is a fundamental need for all children. If teachers report such large proportions of children suffering from lack of sleep, it’s having a significant impact. But worse than that, teachers are having to adjust their instruction based on those children who are suffering from a lack of sleep. The children who are suffering from a lack of sleep are driving down instruction.”

That means that even the children who are getting enough sleep are still suffering from this sleep-related lowering.

1. What did the researchers of Boston College try to find?

A. Why children don’t get enough sleep

B. How many hours children sleep every night

C. The relationship between sleep and test results

D. The relationship between sleep and health

2.Many children suffer from sleep deprivation because _________.

A. they sit in front of the TV for too long

B. they can hardly sleep soundly and deeply

C. their homework occupies too much of their time

D. modern technological devices consume a lot of their time

3.Which of the following countries has the most sleep-deprived students?

A. Japan B. Malta

C. Finland D. Portugal

4.Why are children who get enough sleep also victims?

A. Because they are disturbed by sleep-deprived students

B. Because teaching is driven down by sleep-deprived students

C. Because they have to spend time helping sleep-deprived students

D. Because the teachers waste time disciplining sleep-deprived students

練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆北京通州區(qū)潞河中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空

Temperatures________ quite dramatically at night in mountains, so put on some warm clothes before going out.

A. are dropped B. drop

C. are being dropped D. have dropped

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆山東日照第一中學(xué)高三上期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A, B, C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

My wife and I moved into our home two years ago. We had a yard with a lot of ________. Very often when we have flowers, Denise or I would plant some between the rocks, just to add some __________ to the area.

Last summer, I found a tiny little ________ in the yard that I could not immediately identify. I knew I didn’t plant it and Denise said she didn’t either. We decided to let it ________ growing until we could find out what it was.

Weeks passed and as I made my way back to the ________ plant, it appeared to be a sunflower. I decided to ________ the weeds around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the weeds, I noticed something ________ . The sunflower had not ________ where I saw it begin. It actually had begun under a big ________ and grown under and around it to reach the ________ .

That’s when I ________ that if a tiny little sunflower didn’t let a big rock stand in its ________ of developing, we too have the ability of doing the same thing. If we ________ ourselves like that little sunflower, we can reach where we ________ to go and get what we need for growth.

We need to believe in ourselves knowing we have the ________ to achieve our goals. Like the ________, it knew it had the ability to get over the rocks because it had ________ in itself that it would succeed. Stand tall like the sunflower and be ________ of who and what we are, then the environment will begin to ________ us. We will find a way to go under or ________ any “rocks” in order to reach our goals.

1.A. flowers B. rocks C. insects D. vegetables

2.A. shape B. water C. fertilizer D. colour

3.A. weed B. seed C. plant D. rock

4.A. continue B. stop C. improve D. escape

5.A. weak B. strange C. lonely D. pretty

6.A. collect B. tend C. watch D. remove

7.A. wonderful B. terrible C. unusual D. valuable

8.A. started B. passed C. left D. died

9.A. tree B. rock C. table D. wall

10.A. air B. sun C. top D. house

11.A. hoped B. doubted C. regretted D. realized

12.A. way B. place C. course D. process

13.A. fill in B. put in C. believe in D. worry about

14.A. forget B. aim C. hate D. wait

15.A. idea B. wish C. plan D. ability

16.A. sunflower B. yard C. home D. summer

17.A. energy B. virtue C. faith D. courage

18.A. aware B. proud C. afraid D. tired

19.A. forgive B. affect C. upset D. support

20.A. around B. into C. through D. From

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年四川雅安市高一11月月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：語法填空

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

W: _1.___do you think of the football match we ___2.__(watch) yesterday afternoon?

M: Very ___3.______(excite).The two teams did very well in the match and it was really ___4._close game.

W: I enjoyed it very much too. I have never seen a more interesting game so far this year.

M: I had expected it to be a wonderful match because 5. of the teams had excellent players.

W: I’m sorry I missed the first part of it..

M: You were late for the match? What for?

W: I was filled with anxiety to see the match and fell 6. my bike on the way. My leg hurt, 7. I had to ride my bike slowly. It took me quite some time before I got to the sports field.

M: I’m sorry 8. (hear) that. Were your legs hurt?

W: Yes, but not very ____9.____(serious).

M: You should have seen a doctor first. How long were you late for the match? What time was it when you got to the sports field?

W: When I got to the sports field, 10. was already three twenty.

M: Three twenty? Oh, you were twenty minutes late for the match. You missed a wonderful part of the match.

W: Yeah. It was really a pity.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆山東萊州第一中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)檢英語試卷（解析版） 題型：信息匹配

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Sometimes willpoweris a lot like the television remote control hard to findjust when you want it most．1. But there are waysto increase your willpower．

Don’t try to change your economic situation，win a promotion and lose weight all on the same morning．Setone clear，specific goaland make a realistic plan toachieve it. Extrawillpower sometimes requires extra energy，so don’t spread yourself too thin．2.

Whatever your goal is，don’texpect to achieveit overnight．3. ，If you are trying to kick a coffee habit，start by replacing your morning cup of coffee with a glass of water,instead of promising never to drink coffee again．Congratulateyourself on the small achievements．These successes help your willpower grow．

4. Ask friends，family or colleagues for assistance and tell them exactly how they can help．If your credit card bills have risen，for instance，let friends now that you are cutting back on expenses．Suggest havinga common dinner instead of meetingat an expensive restaurant．Find support group or organization related to your goal and attend their meeting．Youcan get valuableadvice,understanding and information．

If possible，change your environment to encourage positive behavior．Want to get in shape?Keep a set of workout clothesinyour office as a reminder to stop by the gym on the way home. Quitting smoking? 5.

A．Real success takes time．

B．Focus on one goat at atime．

C．Change your environment to change your life．

D．Improve your willpower by a support network．

E．Changing your behavior requires more than willpower．

F．Avoid bars or restaurants where you might be attracted to light up．

G．Breaking a bad habit or forming a new and healthy one can be difficult．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2016屆江蘇如東高級中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中英語試卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空

I’m wondering whether the police have _____ a warning to people living in this area after several robberies.

A. put away B. put out

C. put off D. pull out

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年江西鷹潭第一中學(xué)高一11月月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Recently, China UnionPay did an experiment in a subway station in Beijing—Are you willing to offer a hand to a stranger who needs help?

The leading role of the experiment was an old man. With a small bag in one hand and a large case in the other， the old man appeared in a cold winter morning in the bustling（繁忙的） subway station. He was so old that he couldn’t carry the heavy case up the stairs. Standing in front of the steps, he looked helpless.

Something good happened finally. At 9 o’clock, a kind man showed up, he offered to carry the case for the old man and walked up the stairs with him, at 9：25, another man helped …

Within six hours，the old man walked up the stairs for 25 times，among which he was helped for 23 times.

What’s more，two ladies tried to help the old man—one in the front and the other in the back. They carried the case up the stairs for him. The most noteworthy thing was that another old man tried to help too.

When these kind people were asked why they helped the stranger，they all said “ It’s just the right thing to do,” “I always help people as long as I can” ,or “it’s not a big thing, and I just want to help”.

We often see negative news about fake falling and blackmailing or scheming (陰謀)and cunning. But this experiment brought sheer warmth into our heart.

1.Why did China UnionPay carry out the experiment?

A. To find out whether strangers need help when they are in trouble.

B. To find out whether someone can help those who want to help others.

C. To find out whether strangers can be helped when they are in danger.

D. To find out whether someone can help strangers who are in need of help.

2.What do we know about the old man?

A. He lived a hard and miserable life.

B. He helped to do the experiment.

C. He was too weak to carry the case upstairs.

D. He left after being helped by another old man.

3.The most moving scene is that______________ .

A. most of the passers-by helped the old man

B. even a disabled girl helped the old man

C. another old man also helped the old man

D. one lady carried the old man on her back

4.What message does the experiment express?

A. What warms us most is that helping others is grateful in our society.

B. What people gain is that they will be rewarded for helping others in China.

C. What strikes us is that China UnionPay really did a successful experiment.

D. What impresses us is that most people help others really by nature.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學(xué)年北京市海淀區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Cheerleading is the fastest growing girls' sport，yet more than half of Americans do not believe it is a sport．Actually，competitive cheerleading is a sport．

A sport is a “physical activity against/with an opponent，governed by rules and conditions under which a winner is declared，and the primary purpose of the competition is a comparison of the relative skills of the participants．"Because cheerleading follows these guidelines，it is a sport．

Competitive cheerleading includes lots of physical activities．Like gymnasts，cheerleaders must learn to tumble (翻滾) ．They perform lifts and tosses．This is where the "flied' are thrown in the air，held by "bases" in different positions that require strength and cooperation with other teammates．

Just as basketball and football have guidelines for competitive play，so does competitive cheerleading．The whole routine has to be completed in less than 3 minutes and 15 seconds and the cheerleaders are required to stay within a certain area．

Competitive cheerleaders' goal is to be the best．Just like gymnasts，they are awarded points for difficulty，creativity and sharpness．The more difficult a mount，the sharper the motions，the better the score．Cheerleading is a team sport so without cooperation，first place is out of reach．

Cheerleading is the number-one cause of serious sports injuries to women．Emergency room visits for cheerleading are five times the number of those for any other sport，partially because they do not wear protective gear．While many athletes are equipped with hip pads or helmets，smiling cheerleaders are tossed into the air and spiral down into the arms of trusted teammates．The fliersmust remain tight at all times so that their bases can catch them safely．Also，because cheerleading is not yet recognized as a sport by many schools，neither proper matting nor high enough ceilings are provided to ensure safety．Instead，the girls use whatever space is available．More recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport would decrease the number of injuries．

So why do many Americans not think cheerleading is a sport？Some people argue that cheerleaders are just "flirts in skirts" with their only job to entertain the crowd，but cheerleaders today work just as hard as other athletes．

Hopefully，cheerleading will become as well-known a sport as football and basketball，and even appear in the Olympics since cheerleaders are just as athletic and physically fit as those involved in the more accepted sports．

1.What does the underlined word "bases" in Paragraph 3 refer to？

A． Strength and cooperation

B． Lifts and tosses

C． Supporting teammates

D． Physical activities

2.Gymnasts are mentioned in the passage to _________

A． explain the dangers of cheerleading

B． show their similarities with cheerleaders

C． suggest cheerleaders learn to do gymnastics

D． present the guidelines of gymnastic movements

3.It can be leamed from the passage that cheerleading _________

A． is a good sport for all people

B． lacks necessary guidelines to follow

C． is more than a form of entertainment

D． enjoys greater popularity than other sports

4.This passage is written mainly to _________

A． attract more girls to cheerleading

B． draw people's attention to cheerleading

C． call for more recognition of competitive cheerleading as a sport

D． criticize some Americans who do not think cheerleading as a sport

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學(xué)年寧夏石嘴山第三中學(xué)高二上月考1英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Basic Photography

This is an eight-hour course for beginners who want to learn how to use a 35mm camera. The teacher will cover such areas as kinds of film, light, and lenses(鏡頭). Bring your own 35mm camera to the class.

Course Charge: $150

Jan. 10, 12, 17, 19, Tues. & Thurs. 6-8p.m.

Marianne Adams is a professional photographer whose photographs appear in many magazines.

Understanding Computers

This twelve-hour course is for people who don’t know very much about computers, but who need to learn about them. You will learn what computers are, what they can and can’t do, and how to use them.

Course Charge: $75

Equipment Charge: $10

Jan. 7, 14, 21, 28, Sat. 9-12 a.m.

Joseph Saimders is a professor of computer science at New Urban University. He has over twelve years of experience in the computer field.

Stop Smoking

Do you want to stop smoking? Have you already tried to stop and failed? Now it is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods. You can stop smoking, and this twelve-hour course will help you do it.

Course Charge: $30

Jan. 4, 11, 18, 25 Mon. 4-7 p.m.

Dr.John Goode is a practicing psychologist(心理學(xué)家)who has helped hundreds of people stop smoking.

Typing

This course on weekdays is for those who want to type as well as those who want to improve their typing. You are tested in the first class and practice at one of eight different skill levels. This allows you to learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours. Bring your own paper.

Course Charge: $125

Materials Charge: $25

Two hours each evening for two weeks.

This course is taught by a number of business education teachers who have successfully taught typing courses before.

1.The word “professional” in this advertisement most probably means “_____”

A. spiritual B. journalist

C. professor D. experienced

2. The shortest course is _____.

A. Basic Photography B. Understanding Computers

C. Stop Smoking D. Typing

3.A course which can do something good for your health will cost____.

A. $50 B.$30 C.$10 D.$125

4.In which of the courses do you have to take a test?

A. Basic Photography B. Understanding Computers

C. Typing D. Stop Smoking

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案