Half of all bosses say a lack of sleep makes them irritable (易怒的) and prone to(有……傾向的) shout at their staff, a study said.
One in five managers also said being kept awake at night meant they were more likely to make mistakes, the Mori poll of 1,006 people revealed(顯示).
Some 48% of people aged 35 to 44 said they did not get enough sleep compared to a national average 39%.
Among that age group, people with young children and managerial (管理的) jobs were most likely to suffer. 
The report, commissioned (委托) by the think tank De­mos and Ikea, said the issue of sleep had been forgotten in the work / life balance debate.
Report author Charles Leadbeater said, "On any working day, a quarter of all managers in Britain are likely to be in a bad mood because they have not slept well. "
"These sleep-deprived and shouty managers with a tend­ency to make mistakes are responsible for millions of British workers. It’s hardly a recipe for good management. "
And Mr. Leadbeater called on the government and em­ployers to take action.
A small loss of sleep is likely to have a big impact on people who lead stressful lives.
"Stressed out parents are already not sleeping enough. They are the people most likely to have their sleep disrupted and they are least able to recover."  
Apart from children keeping their parents awake, worrying about work is the biggest cause of wakefulness at night among managers.
Women are five times more likely than men to lose sleep because their partners snore (打呼嚕).
The report predicted that there was likely to be a growing market of　sleep-deprived people, with an increase in "public napping".
Opportunities to take a nap at work are also likely to in­crease, and the report recommended that employers take their responsibility for ensuring employees were well slept more se­riously.
Peter Jelkeby, marketing manager at Ikea, said the re­search confirmed suspicions Britons were not getting enough sleep.  
And he added: "This is having a detrimental effect on our society as a whole. "
9. Which of following is true according to the text?
A. Half of the people say a lack of sleep makes them irrita­ble.
B. 20% managers said being kept awake at night meant they were more likely to make mistakes.
C. Some 48% of people said they did not get enough sleep.
D. People with young children and managerial jobs were most likely to suffer.
10. What does the underlined word "detrimental" mean?
A 良好的.         B.有害的          C.片面的    D.致命的
11. Who that suffered sleep disrupted are least able to recover?
A. The bosses.                 B. Managers.
C. People aged 35 to 44.             D. Stressed out parents.
12. Apart from children keeping: their parents awake, ________is the biggest cause of wakefulness at night among managers.
A. worrying about work             B. their partners’ snoring
C. the relationship                       D. working conditions
9-12  BBDA
9.   細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一句Half of all bosses say.. 一半的老板而不是一半的人們，排除A；第三段中48％的年齡在35—44的人，而不是48％的人，排除C；D缺少條件Among that age group；由第二段One in five manager also said being kept awake …可知答案為B項(xiàng)。
10.   詞義題。文章整體意思是睡眠不足對社會(huì)造成了不利影響，由此推測detrimental意為“不良的，有害的”。
11.   細(xì)節(jié)題。第十段，“過度操勞的父母們已經(jīng)得不到充足的睡眠了。他們的睡眠最容易被打擾，他們也最不容易從中恢復(fù)�！�
12.   細(xì)節(jié)題。由倒數(shù)第六段可知除了孩子的影響外，對工作的擔(dān)憂是管理工作者們夜間失眠的最主要原因。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Doreen Sykora is now a junior at McGill University. She had a difficult time when she first began college. She said, “I was always well prepared for my examinations. But when I go into class to take the exam, I would fall apart. I could just blank out because of nervousness and fear.” Hitoshi Sakamoto, an anthropology(人類學(xué)) student at Temple University in Tokyo reports similar experiences.
These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and is stressed(加壓力于) about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student cannot write or think clearly because of the severe tension and nervousness.
Now there are special university courses to help students. In these courses, advisors and psychologists try to help students by teaching them to manage test anxiety. Such a course helps students learn to live with stress and not fail because of it. First students take a practice test to measure their worry level. If the tests show that their stress level is high, the students can take a short course to manage the fear. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. They get training to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work more easily. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.
Doreen Sykora saw immediate results after taking such a course. She now has enthusiasm about the relaxation methods. “Mostly, what I do is imagine myself in a very calm place. Then I imagine myself picking up a pencil. I move slowly and carefully. I breathe easily and let all the tension out. With each breath, more worry leaves me. It really works too. My grades have improved greatly! I’m really doing well at McGill now. This relaxation method works not only on examinations, but it has improved the rest of my life as well.”
For Hitoshi in Tokyo, the results were much the same. He is enjoying school a lot more and learning more.
小題1:What is the similarity between Doreen Sykora and Hitoshi Sakamoto?
A．They are students from the same university.
B．They failed in all the examinations.
C．They both had experiences of test anxiety.
D．They both had the same poor studying habits.
小題2:The phrase “blank out” in Paragraph 1 refers to “_______.”
A．lose interest in the examB．refuse to take the exam
C．get an extra paperD．be unable to think clearly
小題3:What’s the purpose of some special university student-help courses?
A．To help students to reduce test anxiety.
B．To show a stress level experienced by students.
C．To learn more knowledge about test anxiety.
D．To have a better understanding of test anxiety.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Beginning college is exciting: new ideas to explore, new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made; your future begins here.
However, you will find college life is different from your previous school environment. Many of us can be easily overwhelmed by the details of running a well-balanced life. While some of us may have the know-how, I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experiences of others who have walked the college halls before you.
The following you may find of use about life on campus:
·Plan well. There are so many new things to do at a new college or university. Give yourself time to make new friends and became familiar with the campus, but don’t forget why you are there. Give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely.
·If you don’t have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day timer a computer data book). get one. Most of all, don’t depend on your memory.
·Don’t miss the guidelines. The restrictions, rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your student’s handbook. Consider them well-balanced food for thought. What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can / can’t you do in your student residence（住處）? Who has the right for what? What do you need to complete to graduate?
·Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of our bedroom and bathroom, and maybe it will help to to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone, TV and the kitchen table. Consider this — you are paying thousands of dollars for your course. You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course.
·Build your identity. This is the time for you to decide what to do and what not to do. Take as much time as you need to explore new ideas. Do not be afraid of the beyond. This is learning to make good choices.
小題1:What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To offer advice on college life.
B．To explain why college life is exciting.
C．To describe the importance of college life.
D．To persuade you to go to college.
小題2:According to the passage, why is it exciting to begin college life?
A．Because you will have more freedom at college.
B．Because you will no longer be afraid of the beyond
C．Because you prepare for your future career and life there.
D．Because professors there will provide you with many new ideas.
小題3:The underlined word “know-how” refers to _____
A．An understanding of how things are going at college
B．Practical knowledge about how to behave and what to do at college
C．College halls where rules and regulations are presented
D．An environment completely different from the one you’re used to
小題4:According to the passage, college students _______.
A．needn’t learn from those who went to college before them
B．spend as much time as possible on social activities
C．should know what they have fight for on campus
D．a(chǎn)re supposed to repeat or replace at least one course

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you are planning to study in the United States, you need to consider several factors. Everyone has different opinions about where the best places to live in also; the best places to live are not always home to the best schools. Finally, many schools specialize in different areas of study. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for example, is a great school for computer science and technology-based fields of study, However, if you want to study oceanography, your interests may be better served by attending school in a place that is on a coastline or near the ocean.
Now I am sure that you know which schools are considered the best in the country. So I will tell you about which states I believe are the best to live in.
California is a nice state. Northern California specifically has very good weather. Los Angeles in southern California is another story though. Life in LA is full of excitement and fast, and sometimes—dangerous. As for me, I enjoyed the history and culture. The weather is not as perfect as California, but it is still quite nice. My favorite area of America is the Mid-west. Middle America, I think, is home to the true American sense of values. In addition, there are many good universities there.  
Also, you need to think about your likes and dislikes and then research the various states. You like sunshine and hate snow? Then you probably won’t like the Midwest or even the Northeast. Open space, nature and peace and quiet? Then you should stay away from America’s larger cities. Are you interested in government? Then Washington D.C. is the only place for you. Whatever you decided put some thought into it. The place you live could be the difference between a great study abroad experience and a state of great suffering on earth.
小題1:From the first paragraph we can conclude that in the U.S.A. __________.
all colleges and universities lie in big cities
all colleges and universities lie in beautiful places
famous colleges and universities lie in nice places
famous colleges and universities may not lie in nice places
小題2:What should be considered first if you want to study in the U.S.A.?
A. The climate.       B. The scenery.        C. The study condition.       D. The living condition.
小題3:If you study in Middle America, you can probably _______.
find the best universities
feel the real character of the nation
meet the most famous professors there
face more difficulty
小題4:From the last paragraph of this passage we can get to know that ________.
Washington is the largest city in the U.S.A.
Washington is the political center of the U.S.A.
you can’t find sunshine in the Midwest
you can’t find any universities out of big cities in the U.S.A.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A popular student in her small high school, Katie started college expecting to do well in her courses and be best friends with her roommates. But things didn’t turn out that way. Psych 101, the course she thought would be a first-semester favorite, turned out to be a struggle. And her roommates were as different from Katie as the student restaurant’s mystery meat was from her mom’s roasted pork.
Living away from home tends to be the toughest adjustment for first-year students. You may feel homesick in your first weeks or months. It can help to call, write, or email your parents and friends making them know how you’re doing. You can also talk with your roommates. As first-year students themselves, they’re probably experiencing many of the same fears and worries that you’re dealing with.
But what if you don’t get along well with your roommates?
In some cases, it can be a good thing if you and your roommates aren’t much alike. Different views on things may be helpful, so respect your differences no matter what.
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As homesickness, painful throats, sprained (扭傷的) ankles and wisdom teeth that act up are common among college students, you should check out your student guidebook or your school’s website to find out information about the university health center.
If you think you cannot deal with your problems, make a stop at the school counseling (咨詢) center. First-year troubles are something the counselors know well. You can get help there.
小題1:From Paragraph 1 we can infer that ____.
A．Katie had been worried about the changes before starting her college life
B．Katie felt satisfied when her college life started
C．Katie wasn’t used to the new environment in college at first
D．Katie has fallen behind in her study after the first semester in college
小題2:What’s the author’s suggestion on dealing with homesickness?
A．Adjust to it.
B．Share fears and worries with your parents.
C．Talk to your roommates about it.
D．Get along with your roommates.
小題3:Which of the following ways of dealing with roommates is RIGHT?
A．Not trying to change them.
B．Not making friends with them.
C．Developing the same interests as them
D．Not talking with them.
小題4:What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Freshmen may meet many problems.
B．Communication is important in college.
C．How you can adjust to your first year in college.
D．How schools help freshmen to get used to college life.

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A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never late in keeping an appointment.
The unpunctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time. He is always in a hurry and in the end loses both time and his good name. A lost thing may be found again, but lost time can never be regained. Time is more valuable than material things. In fact, time is life itself. The unpunctual man is for ever wasting and mismanaging his most valuable asset as well as others’. The unpunctual person is always complaining that he finds no time to answer letters, or return calls or keep appointments promptly. But the man who really has a great deal to do is very careful of his time and seldom complains of want of it. He knows that he can not get through huge amount of work unless he faithfully keeps every piece of work when it has to be attended to.
Failure to be punctual in keeping one’s appointments is a sign of disrespect towards others. If a person is invited to dinner and arrives later than the appointed time, he keeps all the other guests waiting for him. Usually this will be regarded as a great disrespect to the host and all other guests present.
Unpunctuality, moreover, is very harmful when it comes to doing one’s duty, whether public or private. Imagine how it would be if those who are put in charge of important tasks failed to be at their proper place at the appointed time. A man who is known to be habitually unpunctual is never trusted by his friends or fellow men. 
12. What is an unpunctual person like?
A. He always does a thing when it should be done.  B. He is always very busy.
C. He always does a thing at the wrong time.    D. He always keeps the appointments.
13. Why is unpunctuality very harmful?  
A. Because it makes a man lose many chances of doing important affairs.
B. Because it makes a man lose friends.
C. Because it makes a man work quickly.
D. Because it makes a man be more respected by others.
14. According to the passage, which is right?
A. The punctual person has no much work to do.
B. The unpunctual person is very rich
C. The unpunctual person is often respected by his friends.
D. The unpunctual person loses what can’t be regained again.
15. According to the passage, what are good manners when you are invited to a party?
A. Arriving at the appointed time.   B. Arriving before all other guests.
C. Arriving after all other guests.    D. Keeping all other guests waiting.
16. Why is a person always unpunctual?
A. He is too busy.                     B. He has too much work to do.
C. He does care much about time.         D. He doesn’t manage his time properly.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Unless we spend money spotting and preventing asteroids(小行星) now, one might crash into Early and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.
Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星) that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don’t threaten us. But there are also thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a collision course with Earth.
Buy $50 million worth of new telescopes right now. Then spend $10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we’ll have a way to change its course.
Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear weapons.  But the cost wouldn’t be cheap. Is is worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: (1)How likely the event is; and (2) How bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike Earth once every 500 000 years. Sounds pretty rare-but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world. “If we don’t take care of these asteroids, they’ll take care of us,”says one scientist.  “It’s that simple.”
The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on Earth? “The world has less to fear from doomsday(世界末日) rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against it,” said a New York Times article.
9.What does the passage say about asteroids and meteoroids?
A.They are heavenly bodies different in composition.
B.They are heavenly bodies similar in nature.
C.There are more asteroids than meteoroids.
D.Asteroids are more mysterious than meteoroids.
10.What do scientists say about the collision of an asteroid with Earth?
A.It is very unlikely but the danger exists.
B.Such a collision might occur once every 25 years.
C.Coilisions of smaller asteroids with Earth occur more often than expected.
D.lt’s still too early to say whether such a collision might occur.
11.What do people think of the suggestion of using nuclear weapons to alter the course of asteroids?
A.It sounds practical but it may not solve the problem.
B.It may create more problems than it might slove.
C.It is a waste of money because a collision of asteroids with Earth is very unlikely.
D.Further research should be done before it is proved applicable.
12.We can conclude from the passage that .      
A.while pushing asteroids off course nuclear weapons would destroy the world
B.asteroids racing across the night sky are likely to hit Earth in the near future
C.the worry about asteroids can be left to future generations since it is unlike to happen in our    lifetime.
D.workable solutions still have to be found to prevent a collision of asteroids with Earth

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is over 40 years since first atomic bomb was dropped on a major city in Japan. Yet even now its effects are showing themselves and may continue to do so for years to come. Much effort and human energy have been used to try to prevent such a terrifying thing from happening again. So far there is no guarantee that it will not. Countries which already possess nuclear knowledge and resources have bombs stored away which are powerful enough to wipe out all life on earth. But this is not all. Other countries, which previously were not so advanced in technology, are gradually buying materials that can be used for making atomic devices. This nuclear energy will naturally be of great value in helping the economy of poorer nations.
The generation of electricity through nuclear power came directly from the original work on the atom bomb. Because of the increase in demand for energy and the possibility of decreasing supplies of oil and natural gas, the interest in electricity has increased. One of the by-products of nuclear power stations is plutonium (鈽) produced from unclear fuel: plutonium is ingredient (成分) in bomb-making. It means that there are far more opportunities for the manufacture of bombs.
This brings the problem to a full circle again. How can something so valuable and useful be controlled so that it works for the benefit and not the destruction of man?
9. The effects of dropping the first atomic bomb ________.
A. are not over                    B. may go on forever    
C. could last much longer            D. will not be over in the near future
10. The writer says that enough atomic bombs have already been manufactured to ________.
A. wipe out Japan                  B. last forever    
C. act as a peace-keeping device      D. destroy all living things
11. The advantage of less developed countries being able to make atomic devices is that it ______.
A. gives them more opportunities for work     B. will help poor countries to become richer
C. will enable them to make better explosives   D. will be of great value to them
12. The second paragraph tells us that the increased demand for electricity today ________.
A. has led to the decrease in supplies of oil
B. means that more countries are interested in nuclear power
C. has increased the risk of accidental explosions
D. has increased the very means of producing more atomic bombs

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Lang Lang is a world-class young pianist who grew up in Shenyang. He went to a piano school in Beijing when he was just eight. “You need __21__,” his father said. “But if you don’t work hard, no fortune will come.”
What made him sad was __22__ his piano teacher in Beijing didn’t like him. “You have no talent. You will never be a pianist.” As a nine-year-old boy, Lang Lang was badly __23__. He decided that he didn’t want to be a pianist any more. For the next two weeks, he didn’t touch the piano. Wisely, his father didn’t push, but waited.
Luckily, the day came when his teacher asked him to play some holiday songs. He didn’t want to, but as he placed his fingers on the piano keys, he __24__ that he could show others that he had talent __25__. That day he told his father what he had been waiting to hear—that he wanted to study with a new teacher. From that point on, everything turned around.
He started __26__ competitions. In the 1994 International Young Pianists Competition, when it was __27__ that Lang Lang had won, he was too excited to hold back his tears. Soon __28__ was clear that he couldn’t stay in China forever—he had to play on the world’s big stages. In 1997 Lang Lang moved again, this time to Philadelphia, USA. There he spent two years practicing, and by 1999 he had worked hard enough for fortune to take over. After his __29__ performance at Chicago’s Ravinia Festival, gigs in Lincoln Centre and Carnegie Hall started __30__ in, Lang Lang finally worked to reach the place where fortune spots him, and lets him shine.
21. A. exercise                        B. fortune                     C. knowledge                D. wealth
22. A. whether                           B. why                         C. when                       D. that
23. A. hurt                          B. weakened                 C. ruined                      D. frightened
24. A. seemed                     B. admitted                   C. noticed                     D. realized
25. A. in all                        B. above all                  C. after all                    D. at all
26. A. receiving                  B. accepting                  C. winning                   D. beating
27. A. told                          B. mentioned                C. announced                D. recognized
28. A. this                          B. it                             C. that                          D. what
29. A. successful                 B. cheerful                   C. respectful                 D. meaningful
30. A. pulling                     B. breaking                   C. falling                      D. pouring

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