Children pushed in buggies which face away from their parents may suffer long­term emotional（情感的）and language problems，according to a study published on Friday.
The research，believed to be the first of its kind，found that children who were not facing the person pushing them were less likely to talk，laugh and communicate with their parents.
The findings were based on a study of 2,722 parents and babies and an experiment where 20 babies were wheeled in buggies for a mile，facing their parents for half the journey and facing away for the other half. Parents using face­to­face buggies were twice as likely to talk to their children while the babies’ heart rates fell and they were twice as likely to fall asleep，showing that they were feeling relaxed and safe.
In addition，only one baby out of the 20 studied laughed while sitting in an away­facing buggy.
“Our data(數(shù)據(jù)) suggests that for many babies today，life in a buggy is emotionally impoverished and possibly stressful. Stressed babies grow into anxious adults，” said Dr Suzanne Zeedyk，Developmental Psychologist at Scotland’s Dundee University who carried out the research.
The study，which was published by National Literacy Trust as part of its “Talk To Your Baby” campaign，found that 62 percent of all children observed travelled in away­facing buggies.
Zeedyk said it would have a negative effect on babies’ development if they spent a long time in away­facing buggies，which would be bad to their ability to communicate with their parent at a time when their brain was developing rapidly.
Laura Barbour of the Sutton Trust，a social mobility charity which funded the research，said buggy manufacturers(制造商) should look closely at the findings.
小題1:Using away­facing buggies may________.
A．benefit both the babies and their parents
B．a(chǎn)ffect babies’ language ability permanently
C．help babies communicate with their parents
D．have positive effect on babies’ development
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Parents may talk twice with the babies in away­facing buggies.
B．The study suggests children feel relaxed and safe in buggies.
C．The samples (案例)of the study were 20 babies wheeled in buggies.
D．One of the 20 babies was twice as likely to fall asleep in buggies.
小題3:Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Best for Kids to Face Parents in Buggy
B．Best for Kids to Communicate with Parents
C．Stressed Babies Grow into Anxious Adults
D．Buggy Manufacturers Care about the Finding

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:A

試題分析：本文敘述了研究表明，坐童車背對(duì)父母的寶寶今后可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)情感和語言方面的長期障礙。與在童車?yán)锩鎸?duì)父母而坐的寶寶相比，背對(duì)父母的寶寶更不愛說笑，也不愛與父母交流。寶寶的大腦發(fā)育很快，如果這段時(shí)期讓他們長時(shí)間地坐在阻礙他們與父母交流的童車?yán)�，那么�?huì)對(duì)他們的發(fā)育造成負(fù)面影響。因此父母應(yīng)該和童車?yán)锏暮⒆佣噙M(jìn)行面對(duì)面的溝通。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Children pushed in buggies which face away from their parents may suffer long­term emotional（情感的）and language problems，讓寶寶坐背對(duì)的車可能會(huì)影響孩子語言的發(fā)展，故選B。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The findings were based on a study of 2,722 parents and babies and an experiment where 20 babies were wheeled in buggies for a mile 研究案例中只有20個(gè)人用四輪的推車，故選C。
小題3:標(biāo)題歸納題。結(jié)合圖片可以看出，文章前半部分介紹父母在后面推童車缺少和孩子面對(duì)面的交流而出現(xiàn)了對(duì)孩子長期的負(fù)面影響，后面又提出了應(yīng)對(duì)方案：“Talk To Your Baby”由此可以看出，短文的內(nèi)容可知寶寶坐背對(duì)父母的推車是不好的，那么就提倡讓孩子坐那種臉對(duì)著父母的推車，故選A。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章標(biāo)題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆。標(biāo)題歸納題在英語閱讀理解題中屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，準(zhǔn)確把握文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。一般說來，標(biāo)題應(yīng)該具有概括性、針對(duì)性、簡潔性三個(gè)突出特點(diǎn)。其中概括性，是指標(biāo)題應(yīng)最大程度地覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題；針對(duì)性，是指標(biāo)題的含義要直接指向文章的主要特點(diǎn)；而簡潔性，則是指標(biāo)題應(yīng)言簡意賅，能吸引讀者的注意力，并喚起讀者對(duì)文章的閱讀興趣等。
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They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”, or problems with daily activities or basic needs, such as dressing or bathing.
Specifically, almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became functionally disabled, compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups a day.
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People who drank at least five cups a day were one-third less likely to develop disabilities than those who had less than a cup per day. Those people who averaged three or four cups a day had a 25 percent lower risk.
Although it’s not clear how green tea might offer a buffer (緩沖) against disability, Tomata’s team did note that one recent study found green tea extracts (提取物) seem to increase leg muscle strength in older women.
While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts, they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K, which means it could affect drugs that prevent blood clotting (凝固).
小題1:What can be learned from the passage?
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D．People who drank at least five cups a day are not likely to become functionally disabled.
小題2:What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?
A．How the study was proved.B．Why green tea-lovers can keep agile.
C．What healthier diets include.D．How to lower disability risk.
小題3:What have the Researchers discovered?
A．Those who drank green tea can't develop “functional disability”.
B．Green tea alone kept people agile as they grew older.
C．How green tea might offer a buffer against disability.
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