Question

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad, that it sets one person against another, that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them, playing well and winning are often, life-and-death affairs．In their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying, they always have an excuse: "I may have lost, but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．"What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth． Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （緩解） can we discover a new meaning in competition ．
小題1:What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect．

B．Opinions about competition are different among people．

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．

小題2:Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It builds up a sense of duty．

B．It pushes society forward．

C．It improves personal abilities．

D．It encourages individual efforts．

小題3:The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means ____．

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly

D．those who rely on others most for success

小題4:What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a "desire to fail"?

A．One's worth lies in his performance compared with others'．

B．One's success in competition needs great efforts．

C．One's achievement is determined by his particular skills．

D．One's success is based on how hard he has tried．

小題5:Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back．

B．Competition should be encouraged．

C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter．

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

Answer 1

小題1:B
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:D

試題分析：文章主要講述了競(jìng)賽不同的人有不同的觀點(diǎn)，作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該在比賽中忘卻失敗的恐懼，真正的意義在于比賽本身的表現(xiàn)。
小題1:主旨題。從文章In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．可知關(guān)于競(jìng)賽不同的人有不同的觀點(diǎn)，故選B
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．可知一些人認(rèn)為競(jìng)賽是好的，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為競(jìng)賽有利于推動(dòng)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步，故選B
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．可知是那些特別反對(duì)競(jìng)賽的人，故選C
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題。從Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others 可知他們的價(jià)值都存在于他們與別人的競(jìng)賽的表現(xiàn)中，故選A
小題5:細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。從Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （緩解） can we discover a new meaning in competition ．可知作者同意失敗的恐懼感應(yīng)該在比賽中忘掉，故選D
點(diǎn)評(píng)：文章重在理解作者的感情基調(diào)，從全文來看，作者主要表達(dá)了應(yīng)該在比賽中忘卻失敗的恐懼，真正的意義在于比賽本身的表現(xiàn)的觀點(diǎn)，由此可見對(duì)于議論文的文章重在把握作者的感情色彩，答題時(shí)不斷提醒自己作者在講什么，作者的是在褒義還是在貶斥，這一點(diǎn)非常重要。