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World Health Report 2002

    The life expectancy (平均壽命) of people around the world could increase by five to ten years if action against common health risks (冒險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)) is taken．This is one of the findings in this year’s World Health Report released (發(fā)布) recently by the World Health Organization．The report is called “Reducing Risks，Promoting (促進(jìn)) Life”．

    Researchers found that ten major threats to good health are common around the world．The chief of the World Health Organization，Gro Harlem Brundtland，called them the ten leading killers．They include unsafe sex，poor nutrition (營(yíng)養(yǎng))，high blood pressure，use of tobacco and alcohol，unsafe water and unclean living conditions．Also included are high levels of dangerous fat in the blood，indoor smoke from solid fuels，a lack of iron in the body and too much body weight，or obesity (肥胖)．Together，these ten health risks make up forty percent of the fifty-six million deaths worldwide each year．

    Doctor Brundtland called for reducing the ten main health risks by twenty-five percent within ten years．If this were done，life expectancy in industrial countries could increase by ten years．In developing countries，it could increase by five years．

Currently (通常地)，the number of life years lost because these health risks differ around the world．Doctor Brundtland says the differences these health risks create between rich and poor nations are shocking (駭人聽聞的)．For example，about one-hundred-seventy-million children in poor countries are underweight. They do not weigh enough because they do not get enough food. However, more than one thousand millionお adults around the world are too fat. These people are mostly in rich, industrial countries.

Doctor Brundtland warns that the cost of inaction is serious. For e
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xample, she says nine million deaths a year linked to smoking will be reported by two-thousand–twenty if steps are not taken soon. Currently, about five millionお people die each year from diseases related to smoking.

Doctor Brundtland says that AIDS (艾滋病) and the HIV virus (艾滋病病毒) are having a huge effect on the length of life in Africa. Currently, life expectancy at birth in southern Africa is forty-seven years. The WHO estimates (估計(jì)) that ninety-five percent of HIV infections (感染) in Africa were caused by unsafe sex. She says there is an urgent need for sex education and the use of condom devices (孕器具) to prevent the spread of HIV.

Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).

1.It is certain that life expectancy of people around the world could increase by five to ten years in future.

1.　　   Most of the deaths worldwide each year are due to (由于) the ten leading killers such as unsafe sex, poor nutrition, high blood pressure and so on.

3.From the passage, we can infer that so far people haven’t dealt with smoking effectively.

4.The length of life in Africa is affected most by AIDS.

 

Answer 1

答案：F;F;T;T
解析：

1.      The life expectancy (平均壽命) of people around the world could increase by five to ten years if action against common health risks (冒險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)) is taken．根據(jù)這句可知判斷本題錯(cuò)誤。 2.      Together，these ten health risks make up forty percent of the fifty-six-million deaths worldwide each year．根據(jù)這句可以判斷本題錯(cuò)誤。 3.      For example, she says nine-million deaths a year linked to smoking will be reported by two-thousand–twenty if steps are not taken soon.根據(jù)這句可知，本句正確。 4.      根據(jù)最后一段可知，本題正確。

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