Want to lose weight? Try eating. That’s one of the ways being developed by scientists experimenting with foods that trick the body into feeling full.
At he Institute of Food Research in Norwich, England, food expert Peter Wilde and his colleagues are developing foods that slow down the digestive system, which then sends a signal to the brain that stops appetite. “That fools you into thinking you’ve eaten far too much when you really haven’t,” said Wilde. From his studies on fat digestion, he said it should be possible to make foods, from bread to yoghurt, that make it easier to diet. While the research is still in its early stages, Wilde’s approach to controlling appetite is one that some doctors say could be a key to solving the problem of obesity.
“Being able to switch off appetite would be a big help for people having trouble losing weight,” said Steve Bloom, a professor of investigative medicine at London’s Imperial College, who is not connected to Wilde’s research. Bloom said that regulating appetite through foods is theoretically possible. But Bloom warned that controlling appetite may be very challenging. “The body has lots of things to prevent its regulatory systems from being tricked,” he said.
Wilde’s research makes use of the body’s ways of digesting fat. Fat normally gets broken down in the first part of the small intestines (腸道). When you eat a high-fat meal, however, the body can only digest the fat entirely further down in the intestines, which then causes the body to produce a kind of chemical to stop the appetite.
Wilde’s approach copies what happens with a high-fat meal. He coats fat droplets (滴) in foods with modified proteins from plants, so it takes longer for the chemical that breaks down fat to reach it. That means that the fat isn’t digested until it hits the far reaches of the intestines. At that point, intestinal cells send a signal telling the brain it’s full. Even though the body hasn’t had a high-fat meal, it stops the appetite as if it has. If the fat had been digested earlier in the intestines, no such signal would be sent.
51. According to Wilde’s research, what could people do if they want to lose weight?
A. Eat more bread and yoghurt.                    B. Trick the body by eating nothing.
C. Have foods with fat droplets coated.         D. Control their digestive system strictly.
52. The underlined word “obesity” in Para. 2 most probably means “________”.
A. being too fat                            B. eating too much food       
C. stopping appetite                D. being unhealthy
53. What can be inferred about Professor Bloom’s opinion towards Wilde’s approach?
A. It won’t work since the body’s regulatory systems will never be tricked.
B. It is sure to switch off the appetite of people with a weight problem.
C. It sounds terrible because regulating appetite through foods is not practical at all.
D. It’s no that easy to trick the body so more research should be done.
54. Which of the following is TRUE about Wilde’s approach?
A. A kind of chemical is added to make a high-fat meal less fatty.
B. Fat is digested earlier and the body sends a signal telling the brain it’s full.
C. Fat won’t get broken down in the first part of the small intestines.
D. The chemical that breaks down fat will not reach the fat.
55. The passage is written to ________.
A. give advice on how to stop eating high-fat meals
B. introduce a research on controlling appetite
C. discuss the argument between two professors
D. show different ways to trick the body

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013屆山東省濟(jì)寧曲阜市高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解


Ray Travers sat back at the large desk, and looked around his plush（豪華的）office．He was tired．
Ray's eyes stopped at a painting on the wall．It was a gift given by an old friend, Bull, as a farewell gift when he left his hometown．He recalled the life spent in that small town; pleasant times．The many hours he spent talking lo his good friend, and the tales he was told about hunting in the Africa of old．
Memories flowed back more than ten years; he remembered how he enjoyed hearing about the wonderful hunting, and how he wished he could have shared those times．
Ray opened his desk drawer and brought out a wooden box．He opened the lid and exposed a work of art, a hand-made hunting knife．This was a gift from Bull, given to Ray more than 20 years ago．It was one of the first knives Bull had made, and Ray had called it "Zambezi”, the river where Bull had been so many times．
He closed the box and sat upright at his desk; he was driving himself hard, and deserved a break．Things were going well with the business, everything running smoothly．He could afford a week off!
He went back home．A week in the hometown would be like going back in history．"Man, it's going to be good," Ray said aloud, as he turned onto the highway and watched the city lights fast disappearing, as he looked in the rearview mirror．
It was well into the night when Ray pulled into an all-night gas station He walked around the gas station and the memories started …  He was finally back on the road, the powerful car going its way through the night, headlights piercing （穿透） the darkness．Memories danced through the man' s mind．Memories of good times , when he knew what it was to relax , to talk, and to really visit．
Slowly entering town he looked around．Ray sat in his car, looking at the old building, smiling． Inside it was almost as though it was the same people as 15 years ago．
【小題1】We learn from the passage that Bull is                    ．

A．Ray's colleagueB．a(chǎn) man in Ray' s hometown
C．Ray's relative in AfricaD．a(chǎn)n African woodcarving artist
【小題2】What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraphs 2 －5?
A．Bull loved Africa and knew much about it．
B．Bull was good at making works of art．
C．Ray missed his hometown and relatives．
D．Ray missed the time he spent with Bull in his hometown．
【小題3】What do we know from the passage?
A．Ray visited Africa together with Bull many times．
B．Ray and Bull often went hunting together．
C．Zambezi is the name of a river in Hay a hometown．
D．Ray planned to stay in his hometown for about a week．
【小題4】What does the under lined part in Paragraph 7 mean?
A．Ray knew how to relax after keeping busy for along time．
B．Ray didn't want to leave his hometown because of so many memories．
C．Ray's hometown changed a lot and was worth a visit．
D．The visit to his hometown reminded Ray of the days together with Bull．
【小題5】What may the author talk about in the paragraph that follows the passage?
A．The hard time Ray experienced in his career．
B．Why Ray left his hometown alone．
C．The situation in Ray's hometown．
D．How Ray became a successful businessman．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2011-2012學(xué)年黑龍江省哈爾濱市第六中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)卷 題型：閱讀理解

Below is some advice on how to sleep better.
1. Maintain a regular bed and wake time schedule
Go to bed at the same time every night. Choose a time when you normally feel tired, so that you don’t toss or turn. Try not to break this routine on weekends when it may be tempting to stay up late. If you want lo changeyour bedtime, help your body adjust by making the changein small daily increments, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day. As with your bedtime, try to maintain yourregular wake-time even on weekends.
2.Fight after-dinner drowsiness（睡意）
If you find yourself getting sleepy before your bed-time, get off the couch and do something mildly stimulating to avoid falling asleep, such as washing the dishes, calling a friend, or getting clothes ready for the next day. If you give in to the drowsiness, you may wake up later in the night and have trouble getting back to sleep.
3. Keep your room dark and cool
When it’s time to sleep, make sure that your environment is dark. Even dim light —especially those from TV or computer screens —can confuse the body clock. Heavy curtains or shades can help block light from windows, or you can try an eye mask to cover your eyes. The temperature of your bedroom also affects sleep. A bedroom that is too hot or too cold can interfere with quality sleep.
4. Turn off your television
Many people use the television to fall asleep or relaxat the end of the day. You may even have a television inyour bedroom. However, television actually stimulates themind, rather than relaxing it. Part of this is due to con­tent. Late night news and prime time shows frequently have disturbing, violent material. Even non-violent pro­gramming can have commercials that are jarring and loud.
5. Exercise early
Exercise helps promote restful sleep if it is done sev­eral hours before you go to bed. Exercise can help you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly— as long asit ’s done at the right time. Try to finish exercising at least three hours before bed or work out earlier in the day.
6. Consult your doctor
Use a sleep diary and talk to your doctor. Note what type of sleep problem is affecting your sleep or if you aresleepy when you wish to be awake and alert. Try these tips and record your sleep and sleep-related activities in a sleep diary. If problems continue, discuss the sleep diary with your doctor. There may be an underlying cause and you will want to be properly diagnosed. Your doctor will help treat the problem or may refer you to a sleep specialist.
【小題1】To prevent yourself from sleeping too much on weekends, you should________.

A．go lo bed 15 minutes earlier than usual
B．go to bed at usual time
C．go to bed at any time
D．make an adjustment to your bedtime
【小題2】Which of the following makes it easier for you to have a sound sleep?
A．Watching violent programmesbefore going to bed.
B．Changing your bedtime only a little every day.
C．Using heavy curtains or an eye mask to block light.
D．Completing your workout just before bedtime.
【小題3】The following ways can help fight after-dinner drowsinessEXCEPT_______.
A．making a telephone call
B．doing some washing
C．getting clothes ready for the next day
D．having a rest on the sofa
【小題4】 If your sleep problems continue, you’d better_____________
A．move into a new house
B．discuss it with your family
C．change your present job
D．turn to the doctor for help

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2013屆山東省濟(jì)寧曲阜市高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Ray Travers sat back at the large desk, and looked around his plush（豪華的）office．He was tired．

Ray's eyes stopped at a painting on the wall．It was a gift given by an old friend, Bull, as a farewell gift when he left his hometown．He recalled the life spent in that small town; pleasant times．The many hours he spent talking lo his good friend, and the tales he was told about hunting in the Africa of old．

Memories flowed back more than ten years; he remembered how he enjoyed hearing about the wonderful hunting, and how he wished he could have shared those times．

Ray opened his desk drawer and brought out a wooden box．He opened the lid and exposed a work of art, a hand-made hunting knife．This was a gift from Bull, given to Ray more than 20 years ago．It was one of the first knives Bull had made, and Ray had called it "Zambezi”, the river where Bull had been so many times．

He closed the box and sat upright at his desk; he was driving himself hard, and deserved a break．Things were going well with the business, everything running smoothly．He could afford a week off!

He went back home．A week in the hometown would be like going back in history．"Man, it's going to be good," Ray said aloud, as he turned onto the highway and watched the city lights fast disappearing, as he looked in the rearview mirror．

It was well into the night when Ray pulled into an all-night gas station He walked around the gas station and the memories started …  He was finally back on the road, the powerful car going its way through the night, headlights piercing （穿透） the darkness．Memories danced through the man' s mind．Memories of good times , when he knew what it was to relax , to talk, and to really visit．

Slowly entering town he looked around．Ray sat in his car, looking at the old building, smiling． Inside it was almost as though it was the same people as 15 years ago．

1.We learn from the passage that Bull is                    ．

A．Ray's colleague

B．a(chǎn) man in Ray' s hometown

C．Ray's relative in Africa

D．a(chǎn)n African woodcarving artist

2.What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraphs 2 －5?

A．Bull loved Africa and knew much about it．

B．Bull was good at making works of art．

C．Ray missed his hometown and relatives．

D．Ray missed the time he spent with Bull in his hometown．

3.What do we know from the passage?

A．Ray visited Africa together with Bull many times．

B．Ray and Bull often went hunting together．

C．Zambezi is the name of a river in Hay a hometown．

D．Ray planned to stay in his hometown for about a week．

4.What does the under lined part in Paragraph 7 mean?

A．Ray knew how to relax after keeping busy for along time．

B．Ray didn't want to leave his hometown because of so many memories．

C．Ray's hometown changed a lot and was worth a visit．

D．The visit to his hometown reminded Ray of the days together with Bull．

5.What may the author talk about in the paragraph that follows the passage?

A．The hard time Ray experienced in his career．

B．Why Ray left his hometown alone．

C．The situation in Ray's hometown．

D．How Ray became a successful businessman．

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)題 題型：閱讀理解

Below is some advice on how to sleep better.

1. Maintain a regular bed and wake time schedule

Go to bed at the same time every night. Choose a time when you normally feel tired, so that you don’t toss or turn. Try not to break this routine on weekends when it may be tempting to stay up late. If you want lo change your bedtime, help your body adjust by making the change in small daily increments, such as 15 minutes earlier or later each day. As with your bedtime, try to maintain your regular wake-time even on weekends.

2.Fight after-dinner drowsiness（睡意）

If you find yourself getting sleepy before your bed-time, get off the couch and do something mildly stimulating to avoid falling asleep, such as washing the dishes, calling a friend, or getting clothes ready for the next day. If you give in to the drowsiness, you may wake up later in the night and have trouble getting back to sleep.

3. Keep your room dark and cool

When it’s time to sleep, make sure that your environment is dark. Even dim light — especially those from TV or computer screens — can confuse the body clock. Heavy curtains or shades can help block light from windows, or you can try an eye mask to cover your eyes. The temperature of your bedroom also affects sleep. A bedroom that is too hot or too cold can interfere with quality sleep.

4. Turn off your television

Many people use the television to fall asleep or relax at the end of the day. You may even have a television in your bedroom. However, television actually stimulates the mind, rather than relaxing it. Part of this is due to con­tent. Late night news and prime time shows frequently have disturbing, violent material. Even non-violent pro­gramming can have commercials that are jarring and loud.

5. Exercise early

Exercise helps promote restful sleep if it is done sev­eral hours before you go to bed. Exercise can help you fall asleep faster and sleep more soundly — as long as it ’s done at the right time. Try to finish exercising at least three hours before bed or work out earlier in the day.

6. Consult your doctor

Use a sleep diary and talk to your doctor. Note what type of sleep problem is affecting your sleep or if you are sleepy when you wish to be awake and alert. Try these tips and record your sleep and sleep-related activities in a sleep diary. If problems continue, discuss the sleep diary with your doctor. There may be an underlying cause and you will want to be properly diagnosed. Your doctor will help treat the problem or may refer you to a sleep specialist.

1.To prevent yourself from sleeping too much on weekends, you should________.

A. go lo bed 15 minutes earlier than usual

B. go to bed at usual time

C. go to bed at any time

D. make an adjustment to your bedtime

2.Which of the following makes it easier for you to have a sound sleep?

A. Watching violent programmes before going to bed.

B. Changing your bedtime only a little every day.

C. Using heavy curtains or an eye mask to block light.

D. Completing your workout just before bedtime.

3. The following ways can help fight after-dinner drowsiness EXCEPT_______.

A. making a telephone call

B. doing some washing

C. getting clothes ready for the next day

D. having a rest on the sofa

4. If your sleep problems continue, you’d better_____________

A. move into a new house

B. discuss it with your family

C. change your present job

D. turn to the doctor for help

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012屆度山西省高三第一次階段性診斷考試英語(yǔ)題 題型：閱讀理解

Sitting across from his teacher, Edgar Martinez repeated the word he couldn't quite pronounce: "situation"．The teacher, LisaMojsin, hired to help Martinez reduce his accent, said the word slowly; "Sit-chew-a-shun．" "I wish he had taught me this 20 years ago．" said Martinez, 37, who comes from Mexico and lives in Los Angeles．In private tutoring classes throughout the nation, immigrants are focused on sounding more American．

    Accent reduction classes have been around for years, but experts say．"As our workforce becomes more and more global, these classes are becoming more and more popular．" Private tutors said they answer calls almost daily from students, when just a few years ago the phones rang only occasionally．Author Amy Gillett said that sales of her book and CD set, "Speak English Like an American", have increased three times in the last few years．Judy Ravin, President of the Accent Reduction Institute, said she has hundreds of students who follow her program, "Lose Your Accent in 28 Days"．

    Though there is a general tolerance for diversity, experts said, reality has made some immigrants who sound different feel unwelcome．If someone speaks with an accent associated with an Asian language, they may work as engineers or computer scientists．If someone speaks with certain Spanish accents, people may think they are recent immigrants working in landscaping or the hospitality industry （招待性行業(yè)）．A French accent gives images of romance．An Australian accent brings to mind adventure and fun．

    Accent reduction students said they are aware of how they sound and whether their accents limit their job opportunities or spoil their social lives．Jennie Lo, aged 43, said her accent has been an embarrassment．Sometimes people couldn't even understand her when she said her name．While in college in Oklahoma, Lo said she didn't make many friends, tearing that no one could make out her words．Lo is now taking accent reduction classes and hopes to apply for a manager position at work．"I just want to feel good about myself," she said．"If I really work hard, if I practice every day, I can't be perfect．But I can be better．"

1.In the whole passage, the first paragraph serves as a（n） _____．

    A．introduction                         B．comment          

    C．explanation                          D．background

2.What does the author want to express in the second paragraph?

    A．The effect that popular accent reduction classes have．

    B．The fact that accent reduction classes become popular．

    C．The steps how accent reduction classes become popular．

    D．The reasons why accent reduction classes become popular．

3.If someone speaks with certain Asian accents, people may think _____．

    A．they are romantic                    B．they are hospitality workers

    C．they are computer scientists         D．they love adventure and fun

4.What is Jennie Lo's attitude towards her taking accent reduction classes?

    A．Confident．          B．Helpless．         

    C．Proud．              D．Anxious．

 

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