Question

  The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru5 s heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.

    For thousands of years,Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru,far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Feam in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter,a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.

   However,because it was very remote,Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit,bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started,which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.

   Naum's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (憐酸鹽) on the island. In fact,it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate,which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.

    A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground;it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines,it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip-mining totally destroys the land. Gradually,the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.

In 1968,Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.

   Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Some people realised that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000,Nauru was almost financially mined. Experts say that it would take approximately $ 433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.

36. What might be the author's purpose in writing the text?

   A. To seek help for Naum's problems.

   B. To give a warning to other countries.

   C. To show the importance of money.

   D. To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.

37. What was Nauru like before the Europeans came?

   A. Rich and powerful.

   B. Modem and open.

   C. Peaceful and attractive.

   D. Greedy and aggressive.

38. The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from

   A. soil pollution   B. phosphate overmining

   C. farming activity   D. whale hunting

39. Which of the following was a cause of Nauru^ financial problem?

   A. Its leaders misused the money.

   B. It spent too much repairing the island.

   C. Its phosphate mining cost much money.

   D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.

40. What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph?

   A. The ecological damage is difficult to repair.

   B. The leaders will take the experts’ words seriously.

   C. The island was abandoned by the Nauruans.

   D. The phosphate mines were destroyed.

    A special lecture began Thursday morning,given by a teacher aboard a space module about 340 km above her students on Earth,the first such attempt by Chinese.

   Female astronaut Wang Yaping,one of the three crew members of Shenzhou X spacecraft,greeted about 330 primary and middle school students at a Beijing high school,through a live video feed system. uHello,everyone. I am Wang Yaping. I will host the lecture today”> she said,smiling towards the camera,on board of the space module Tiangong I.

   The students on her class included children from migrant workers’ families,of ethnic minorities (少數(shù) 民族) and from Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan. They were gathering at the High School Affiliated to Renmin University in Beijing. More than 60 million students and teachers at about 80 ,000 middle schools across the country were also watching the live broadcast on TV.

   The first section of the class was all about weight. Nie Haisheng,commander of the crew,made a bit show of crossing his legs into a meditation (沉思、) sitting posture in the air,which only a martial art (武術(shù)) master could do in the movies but was impossible for real people on Earth. Thanks to the weightless condition,we are all masters,M Wang joked.

   Then,Wang Yaping introduced the special scale on board of the orbiter,which was designed on basis of the Newton's second law of motion,or measuring the mass of an object through the net force and the acceleration.

    The lesson was aimed at making space more popular,as well as inspiring enthusiasm for the universe and science,according to Zhou Jianping,designer-in-chief of China manned space program,who added that the lesson would also accumulate experience for similar larger activities.

41. What's the best title for the passage?

   A. Chinese Astronaut Gives the First Space Lecture

   B. Students Watch Shenzhou X Spacecraft

   C. What the Conditions Are like in Space

   D. Ordinary People Act like Martial Art Masters

42. The lecture given in space is intended for

   A. students from Beijing

   B. students from special areas

   C. students all over the country

   D. students interested in space module

43. From the passage we can know that .

   A. special training makes the astronauts stay in the air like martial art masters

   B. astronauts are experiencing weightless conditions when in space

   C. astronauts are showing to the students how they study and live in space

   D. the Newton's second law of motion proves to be wrong in space 

44. Why does astronaut Wang Yaping give the lecture in space?

   A. To show us what weightless conditions are like.

   B. To give a further explanation of weightlessness.

   C. To show it is not easy to stay in space at present.

   D. To make more of us interested in space science.

Answer 1

36. B 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. A 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D

36. B解析:作者意圖題。通讀全文不難看 出，作者通過講述瑙魯外來駐民無節(jié)制地 開采磷酸鹽而使其成為一個不可修復(fù)的生 態(tài)災(zāi)難區(qū)這一令人心碎的故事來警示人們 不應(yīng)破壞生態(tài)平衡，而應(yīng)與自然和諧相處， 故B項正確，文章最后兩句也有暗示。

A 項表示“為瑙魯出現(xiàn)的問題尋求幫助”；C 項表示“為了表明錢的重要性”；D項表示 “為了講一個令人心碎的戰(zhàn)爭故事”，這三 項都不是作者寫本文的意圖。

37. C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第一句 “used to be a beautiful place. ” 可知璃魯 曾經(jīng)是很迷人的；由第二段中的“...lived on the remote island of Nauru,far from western civilization.”可知瑙魯是一個地處

偏遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)離西方文明的島國,故應(yīng)當(dāng)是很靜 謐的，由此知選C項。

A項表示“富庶且 強大的”；B項表示“現(xiàn)代且開放的”；D項 表示“貪婪且好斗的”，這三項均不符合文 章的細(xì)節(jié)。

38. B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章從第四段到 最后一段講述了瑙魯外來駐民由于對磷酸 鹽的過度幵采，從而導(dǎo)致這個島遭受了毀 滅性的破壞，故B項正確。

A項表示“土 壤污染”；C項表示“農(nóng)耕活動”；D項表示 “捕鯨”，這三項文章中都未提及，屬無中 生有。

39. A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的前 兩句“Unfortunately,the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition,they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”以及下句中的“their phosphate was running out” 可知，璃魯?shù)呢?政問題是由領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人濫用金錢及磷酸礦枯竭 造成的，故A項為其中的一個原因。

B項 表示“修復(fù)島嶼花了太多的錢' 文中提 到修復(fù)島嶼需要$ 433.6〇0.000 and more than 20 years,但這將可能是不會實現(xiàn)的， 故B項與文章的細(xì)節(jié)不符。

C項表示“開 采磷酸鹽礦花錢太多”；D項表示“瑙魯在 內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中喪失了上百萬美元”，這兩項文中均 未提及。

40. A解析：推理判斷題。由文章最后一段

to repair the island. This will probably never happen. ”可推斷出瑙魯?shù)纳鷳B(tài)破壞是很難 修復(fù)的，故A項正確。

B項表示“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人 會認(rèn)真對待專家們的話”，從最后一句可以 看出這是不可能的;C項表示“這個島嶼被 瑙魯人遺棄了”，從最后一段推斷不出這一 結(jié)論;D項表示“磷酸鹽礦被毀壞了”，這 一項屬于沒有根據(jù)的推測。

41. A解析：主旨大意題。本文講述了中國 宇航員首次太空授課的情況。其他選項有 的在文章中提到，但不是全文重點講述的 內(nèi)容。

42. C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從“More than 60 million students and teachers at about   80.000 middle schools across the country were also watching the live broadcast on TV. ” 可知這 次講課是針對全國的師生的。

43. B 解析：推理判斷題。從文章中的 4< Thanks to the weightless condition,we are all masters.可知，宇航員展現(xiàn)的是在太 空中處于失重狀態(tài)下的情形。

44. D解析：推理判斷題。從文章最后一段 “The lesson was aimed at making space more popular,as well as inspiring enthusiasm for the universe and science... . 此次太空授課的目的是讓更多的人對太空 科學(xué)感興趣。