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Why does the rate of heart attacks increase during the World Cup football finals? How can we help an overweight patient to lose weight? They’re just some of the topics covered in a new book by University of Sussex academics, which is helping student doctors to consider the importance of psychology in medical practice.
Psychology for Medicine is the first textbook of its kind, providing medical trainees and new doctors with all the relevant psychological knowledge they need. Previously, students had to refer to many different books for the relevant psychology.
The book, by Sussex psychologists Dr. Sussex Ayers and Dr. Richard de Visser, has been well received by fellow academics and medical doctors and was finished with the help of the students and staff of the Brighton and Sussex Medical School. The students proofread（校對） the chapters, provided ideas for the content and even modeled for the photographs. The book provides a solid grounding in psychological study relevant to medicine, along with practical tips and advice for practice. One student, Simon Hall, drew cartoons for the book.
The study psychology is important for doctors for a number of reasons. Psychological and physical symptoms are highly related. Up to a third of patients will have psychological disorders, while physical causes are usually only found in around 15 per cent of people’s symptoms. In treatment, a lot of the effect drugs can be due to patients believing they will recover rather than the drug itself.
Dr. Ayers says, “The important thing about this book is that it’s applied science --- it shows why psychology is important to medicine and how we should use it. The book’s presentation is really important. It’s not just lots of theory, but full of tips and advice so that students can take what they learn in the classroom and apply it to real-life situations.”
小題1:The book Psychology for Medicine is mainly written for ________.
A．scientistsB．overweight peopleC．patientsD．student doctors
小題2:What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A．The topics of the book.B．The comments on the book.
C．The contributors to the book.D．The characteristics of the book.
小題3:According to the text, the book Psychology for Medicine _________.
A．is a bit difficult to understand.
B．is mainly about how to lose weight.
C．included tips on training football players.
D．focuses on the importance of psychology in treatment
小題4:We can infer that the text is a(n) ______.
A．research reportB．introduction to a book
C．advertisement for a bookD．introduction to a psychologist

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:B
文章介紹了一本醫(yī)學方面的心理學的書。
小題1:細節(jié)題。根據第一段3,4行which is helping student doctors to consider the importance of psychology in medical practice.
小題2:推理題。根據第三段第三行with the help of the students and staff以及The students proofread（校對） the chapters可知C正確。
小題3:細節(jié)題。根據第一段最后一行consider the importance of psychology in medical practice.
小題4:推斷題。通讀全文可知文章是介紹了一本醫(yī)學方面的心理學書。
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It’s a lot of work — and not a lot of fun — to keep track of everything, but I’ve gotten used to my new habits. I was a little scared at first because I wasn’t sure how my life would change. Once I knew what I needed to do, though, it wasn’t a big deal. My life is different now from what it was before, but it has become completely regular to me.
小題1:The first paragraph is mainly about _____.
A．who found the author had diabetes
B．the author’s life before having diabetes
C．how the author was found to have diabetes
D．the author’s eating habits before having diabetes
小題2:What did the author do after knowing she had diabetes?
A．She stopped playing basketball in the gym.
B．She controlled her blood-sugar level strictly.
C．She stopped eating food with natural sugar.
D．She tested her blood-sugar level before every meal.
小題3:What does the underlined word “boost” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Increase.B．Control.C．Absorb.D．Test.
小題4:What’s the author’s attitude toward her having diabetes now?
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It seems school children all over the world complain about their school food. Cherie Blair, the wife of Prime Minister Tony Blair, said that she would prepare a packed lunch for her son if school dinners do not improve. So what do students of your age eat for lunch at school?
Japan
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Untied States
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Australia
Meat pies, sausage rolls and hotdogs are all traditional dishes in Australian school shops. But as the nation pays more attention to children’s health, healthier foods have started to find their way onto school menus.
Many schools have used a traffic light system. The sale of red-labelled foods, including pastries(點心), chocolate and soft drinks, is served only twice a week. Healthier green-labelled foods such as sushi(壽司), sandwiches, corn and watermelon, however, are available every day.
In some schools, students have a choice of up to 89 foods to choose from, including popcorn and rice.
South Africa
Most of South Africa’s schools do not serve meals at all. Classes end at 1:30pm and students get their own lunches. Many students bring food from home, usually sandwiches.
Fast food and fried food sell the best among students, which has led to a rise in obesity among children. But as more people began to realize the fact that being too fat may cause different diseases, some schools in towns have led the way towards better nutrition. Now students at these schools are provided with lunches of porridge(麥片粥) with vegetables, such as cabbages, onions, beans, carrots and tomatoes.
小題1:What does the underlined word “obesity ”in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Fighting.B．Sadness.C．Food shortage.D．Overweight.
小題2:We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．a typical menu from a US school consists of enough nutrition.
B．most students in South Africa eat their lunch at home.
C．many schools in Australia have traffic lights outside their school.
D．you can have whatever you like in school canteens in Japan.
小題3:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Schools should try to satisfy the needs of students.
B．Schools serve different foods from country to country.
C．Food served in the US is the best of all.
D．School children all over the world dislike their school food.
小題4:The article is meant for ________.
A．school lunch suppliersB．schoolmasters
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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小題1:What does the text mainly discuss?
A．What pets bring to their owners．
B．How pets help people calm down．
C．People’s opinions of keeping pets．
D．Pet’s value in medical research．
小題2:We 1earn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if        ．
A．he has a pet companion
B．he has less stress of work
C．he often does mental arithmetic
D．he is taken care of by his family
小題3:According to Allen，why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?
A．They have lower blood pressure．
B．They become more patient．
C．They are less nervous．
D．They are in higher spirits．
小題4:The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that       ．
A．people with dogs did more exercise
B．dogs lost the same weight as people did
C．dogs liked exercise much more than people did
D．people without dogs found the program unhelpful

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at a fitness center or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?
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A．drinkB．sleepC．exerciseD．work
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A．FishingB．RunningC．SwimmingD．Walking
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A．runningB．skateC．swimD．studies
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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小題1:From the first paragraph we know that working women________.
A．think cooking is especially complicated
B．do not share the same views with registered dietitians
C．are busy and not interested in cooking
D．are likely to eat healthfully
小題2:Orange juice is different from orange drink because________.
A．it contains only a small percentage of real juice
B．it is natural，nutritious and prepared from real oranges
C．it is largely orange－colored sugar water
D．it produces nothing but calories
小題3:In Paragraph 4，“a fruitless search” means “____”．
A．an effort with no results
B．a search for a diet without fruits
C．a research on fruitless diet
D．a diet serving as medicine
小題4:Many women take it for granted，according to the passage that________.
A．a balanced diet can result in being fat
B．staying thin and healthy are both possible
C．lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin
D．vitamins are some kind of substitutions（代替物）for food
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A．carbohydrates，protein and fat are enough to support a human life
B．vitamins and minerals are almost of no value
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Elderly adults who regularly drink green tea may stay more active and independent than their peers over time，according to a Japanese study that covered thousands of people．
Green tea contains antioxidant chemicals that may help ward off the cell damage that can lead to disease．Researchers have been studying green tea's effect on everything from cholesterol(膽固醇)to the risk of certain cancers，with mixed results so far．
For the new Japanese study，researchers decided to examine the question of whether green tea drinkers have a lower risk of frailty and disability as they grow older．
Tomata and his colleagues followed nearly 14，000 adults aged 65 or older for three years．
They found those who drank the most green tea were the least likely to develop “functional disability”，or problems with daily activities or basic needs，such as dressing or bathing．
Specifically，almost 13 percent of adults who drank less than a cup of green tea per day became functionally disabled，compared with just over 7 percent of people who drank at least five cups fl day．
The study did not prove that green tea alone kept people active as they grew older．
Green-tea lovers generally had healthier diets，including more fish，vegetables and fruit，as well as more education．lower smoking rates，fewer heart attacks and strokes，and greater mental sharpness．
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While green tea and its extracts are considered safe in small amounts，they do contain caffeine and small amounts of vitamin K，which means it could block drugs that prevent blood thickened．
小題1:Which of the following can summarize the passage best?
A．Green tea makes you less active．
B．Green tea makes you less disabled．
C．Green tea makes you more friendly．
D．Green tea makes you more educated．
小題2:The underlined word“ward off”in Paragraph 2 probably means     .
A．formB．absorbC．remove D．prevent
小題3:Tomata and his colleagues wanted to     .
A．prove whether the Japanese study is correct
B．know if green tea drinkers are independent
C．help nearly 14，000 adults aged 65 or older
D．study green tea's effect on cholesterol
小題4:Which of the following is NOT the advantage of green tea?
A．Reduce functional disability．
B．Keep old people active．
C．Make more friends．
D．Suffer fewer heart attacks．
小題5:It can be inferred from the last paragraph     .
A．green tea is safe to drink
B．green tea should be drunk properly
C．green tea is poisonous for old people
D．vitamin K is helpful to us

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


A fad diet is a diet that suddenly becomes popular, usually because it promises people that they will lose a lot of weight overnight. Although dieters may really show weight loss from a fad diet, they will almost certainly get back the weight if their usual eating habits (習慣) remain unchanged. Moreover, fad diets continuously call for special products of questionable value or for “health foods” that may cost twice as much as supermarket(超市) foods. Worse yet, certain fad diets don't include nutrients(營養(yǎng))good for health. People have been known to become very ill as a result of following medically unhealthy diets.
The worse fact of fad diets, though, is that they keep people who are over-weight or sick from receiving the medical care that they truly need.
小題1:The word “fad” in the first sentence means ______.
A．newB．wonderful
C．popular quicklyD．loved by people
小題2:From the text we know that ______.
A．people refuse to accept fad diets
B．fad diets can help people to lose weight
C．a man can lose weight after eating a fad diet
D．fad diets are now welcomed by people
小題3:In the writer's opinion, fad diets______.
A．are very helpful
B．are not healthy diet
C．won't cost much
D．include lots of nutrients
小題4:The last paragraph tells us ______.
A．that fad dieters are often overweight
B．fad dieters need medical care if they are overweight or sick
C．how fad dieters get sick
D．overweight or sick fad dieter can’t get medical care in time

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Choose the yum(美味的東西) and risk the yuk（討厭的東西）?
Scientists have given us a lot of health warnings. The advice from cancer experts for avoiding bowel(腸) cancer is "try to avoid processed(加工過的) meats such as bacon, ham, corned beef and some sausages", and women fearing breast cancer are told "there doesn't seem to be a starting point at which alcohol consumption is safe",
But all these health warnings tend to have little influence on behavior, So who is being unreasonable —the scientists who give us health advice, or the public that just ignores it?
The curious fact is that both might be right. The reasoning behind these health warnings seems to be this: if you do more of something pleasurable (which we shall give the name “yum”) there is a higher risk of something bad (which we shall give the name “yuk”)occurring, so you should avoid yum.
But when presented with this argument you might ask two questions.
First, maybe the pleasure of yum makes the risk worth taking, especially if yuk might occur a long time in the future? Second, maybe there are other benefits of yum that could cancel out the risks of the particular yuk that has been identified (確認) ?
So suppose bacon sandwiches are your particular yum: research shows that 50g per day — that is a great greasy sandwich — increases your risk of bowel cancer by 20%.
But this means that out of every 100 people who stuffed down that big bacon sandwich every day of their lives, the number of bowel cancers would rise from five to six.
In addition, if a middle-aged woman gave up alcohol, it might reduce her risk of breast cancer, but could increase risk of some other cancers as well as heart disease.
So we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do, since everything has benefit and harms — just think of the joggers(慢跑者) who get knocked down by cars — and people need to be able to find their own balance.
Therefore, as you reach for your yum, perhaps sometimes pause a moment and realize that you are taking a gamble(賭博) on the yuk occurring, but that it may be a risk worth taking.
小題1:What is the advice given by scientists for avoiding breast cancer?
A．Try to avoid processed meat.B．Try to avoid alcohol.
C．Try to choose the yum.D．Try to risk the yuk.
小題2: What does “this argument” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．If you choose the yum, you will risk the yuk.
B．If you risk the yuk, you’ll choose the yum.
C．The yum is worth taking, especially if yuk might occur in the future.
D．Other benefits of yum could cancel out the risks of the yuk.
小題3:Why do we need to look at the whole picture before trying to get people to change what they do?
A．Because giving up alcohol might reduce breast cancer.
B．Because people are not able to find their own balance.
C．Because all the things have both sides.
D．Because the advice given by scientists is not true.
小題4:According to the passage, which of the following is correct?
A．People are often influenced by the health warnings.
B．Both the scientists and the public are not reasonable.
C．Alcohol consumption has both benefit and harms.
D．People should avoid yum to reduce the risk of yuk.

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