Historically, the term “fair trade” has meant many things. The Fair Trade League was  1 in Britain in 1881 to restrict 2  from foreign countries. In the United States, businesses and labor unions  3  “fair trade” laws to construct what economist Joseph Stiglitz calls “barriers to imports.” These so called “anti-dumping(反傾銷)” laws allow a company that  4  a foreign one of selling a product below cost to request that the government charge special taxes to protect it from “unfair”  5 .

Such dark protectionist thoughts are far from the  6  of the organizers of the United Kingdom’s annual “Fairtrade Fortnight”. Their  7 aim is to raise the price paid to developing-country farmers for their  8  by cutting out the inflated profits of the middlemen on whom they  9  for getting their goods to distant markets. Fair-trade products  10  cocoa, coffee, tea, and bananas do not compete with domestic European production, and  11  do not have a protectionist motive(動機).

This is how it works: In  12  for being paid a guaranteed price and meeting “agreed labor and environmental standards” (minimum wages, no farm chemicals ), poor-country farming cooperatives(合作社) receive a FAIRTRADE mark for their products, given 13  by the FAIRTRADE Labeling Organization. This mark  14  supermarkets and other businesses to sell the products at a higher than  15  price . Third-world farmers get their income increased , 16  first-world consumers get to feel virtuous: a marriage made in heaven.

The fair-trade movement,  17  in the 1980’s, has been growing rapidly. In a significant breakthrough in 1997, the British House of Commons  18  to serve only fair-trade coffee. By the end of 2007, more than 600 producers’ organizations,  19  1.4 million farmers in 58 countries, were selling fair-trade products. Today, a quarter of all bananas in UK supermarkets are sold under a FAIRTRADE mark. But FAIRTRADE-labeled products still represent a very  20 share – typically less than 1% – of global sales of cocoa, tea, coffee, etc.

1.                A．discovered      B．founded        C．encouraged   D．promoted

 

2.                A．imports         B．exports         C．output   D．trade

 

3.                A．disobey        B．break          C．use  D．study

 

4.                A．suspects        B．needs          C．wants    D．a(chǎn)dvertises

 

5.                A．a(chǎn)greement      B．contract        C．game D．competition

 

6.                A．worries         B．minds          C．comments D．projects

 

7.                A．educational     B．political         C．worthy   D．immediate

 

8.                A．favour         B．benefit         C．interest   D．produce

 

9.                A．depend        B．spend          C．look D．a(chǎn)pply

 

10.               A．a(chǎn)s             B．like            C．with  D．for

 

11.               A．instead         B．otherwise       C．therefore  D．a(chǎn)nyhow

 

12.               A．fear           B．store          C．preparation    D．exchange

 

13.               A．secretly        B．publicly        C．officially   D．successfully

 

14.               A．urges          B．enables        C．orders    D．forces

 

15.               A．normal         B．potential        C．lowest D．best

 

16.               A．when          B．while          C．a(chǎn)s    D．but

 

17.               A．launched       B．a(chǎn)rranged       C．invented  D．developed

 

18.               A．wanted         B．refused        C．had  D．decided

 

19.               A．telling          B．representing    C．Choosing D．receiving

 

20.               A．small          B．little           C．good D．large

 

 

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.A

5.D

6.B

7.C

8.D

9.A

10.B

11.C

12.D

13.C

14.B

15.A

16.B

17.A

18.D

19.B

20.A

【解析】

試題分析：文章主要講解了公平貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟成立的歷史及其成立的宗旨，并介紹了這個組織下所提供的產(chǎn)品都會有一種FAIRTRADE的標記同時介紹了這些公平貿(mào)易產(chǎn)品的市場情況。

1.A. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)B. founded成立C. encouraged 鼓勵D. promoted促進；前文講到公平貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟The Fair Trade League，所以應該是成立于1881年。故選 B

2.A. imports 進口B. exports出口C. output輸出D. trade貿(mào)易；后文講到barriers to imports.進口壁壘，所以此處應該是用來限制外國的進口的，故選A

3.A. disobey 違反B. break打破C. use 使用D. study學習，研究；在美國，商業(yè)和勞工組織都使用公平貿(mào)易的法律來構建所謂的進口貿(mào)易壁壘。故選C

4.A. suspects懷疑   D. advertises廣告；這種就是所謂的反傾銷條例，它允許一個公司懷疑另一個外國公司以低于成本價的方式而買產(chǎn)品。故選A

5.A. agreement協(xié)議B. contract合同C. game游戲D. competition競爭；這種反傾銷條例是要求政府對那些公司征收特殊的稅來保護其國內(nèi)公司，免遭不公平的競爭，故選D

6.A. worries 擔心B. minds想法C. comments評論D. projects項目；這種貿(mào)易保護主義的思想是背離了那些英國歷年舉行公平貿(mào)易周的那些組織者的初衷。minds想法，初衷，故選B

7.A. educational 教育意義的B. political政治的C. worthy有價值的，相稱的D. immediate立刻的；這些組織者的真正目的是提高支付給發(fā)展中國家農(nóng)民的前。符合題意的只有C.

8.A. favour偏愛，贊同B. benefit益處C. interest利益D. produce產(chǎn)品；為發(fā)展中國家的農(nóng)民所提供的產(chǎn)品支付更高的價錢。故選D

9.這里運用了定語從句，depend on依賴于，on提前，句意：發(fā)展中國家的農(nóng)民們依靠中間商將他們的產(chǎn)品遠銷海外。故選A

10.like像…，像可可粉、咖啡、茶和香蕉等公平貿(mào)易的產(chǎn)品就不會與歐洲國內(nèi)的產(chǎn)品進行競爭，故選B

11.A. instead代替B. otherwise否則C. therefore因此D. anyhow無論怎樣；前文講到不會和國內(nèi)的產(chǎn)品競爭因此不會有貿(mào)易保護主義的動機。故選C

12.貧困國家農(nóng)場合作社將支付了保證金和滿足勞動和環(huán)保標準的產(chǎn)品作為交換，來為他們的產(chǎn)品提供fairtrade的標記，故選D

13.A. secretly秘密地B. publicly 公共地C. officially官方地D. successfully成功地 ；這個標志是一個名叫FAIRTRADE Labeling Organization的官方組織所給的，故選C

14.這個標志允許超市和別的商店以一個更高的價錢出售這些產(chǎn)品，故選B

15.A. normal 通常的B. potential潛在的C. lowest最低的D. best最好的，前文講到在超市或是別的商店賣的東西要比平常的貴，所以選A

16.while表示兩個動作同時進行，第三世界的農(nóng)民的收入會增加，同時第一世界的消費者們也會逐漸的感到是件好事，故選B

17.A. launched啟動B. arranged安排C. invented發(fā)明D. developed開發(fā)；這個公平貿(mào)易運動是開始于20世界80年代，故選A

18.A. wanted想要B. refused 拒絕C. had有D. decided決定；句意：英國的下議院決定只提供這種公平貿(mào)易的咖啡，故選D

19.A. telling告訴B. representing代表C. Choosing選擇D. receiving接收；到2007年為止，超過600個組織，代表著58個國家的140萬農(nóng)民正在出售這種公平貿(mào)易的產(chǎn)品。故選B

20.前文作者語意進行轉折，所以雖然英國四分之一的香蕉都是這種標示的，但跟全球的可可粉，茶，咖啡來比，仍然是一個很小的份額，故選A

考點：政治經(jīng)濟文化類說明文

點評：本文較難，一般經(jīng)濟，科技類的文體都是學生比較難解答的題。說明文是歷年高考很常見的文體，對于科技類的說明文比較難，而對于說物的文體較容易。本文中，把握好一個中心即介紹了公平貿(mào)易的宗旨和歷史。同時，解答此類文章首先花時間進行整體的閱讀，不要逐一作答，在理解文意后再結合語法進行句子成分分析，將長句難句進行劃分，最終理解句意。

 

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