科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Communication Principles
How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate．“Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he（or she）is the center”．Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them．But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication．A student．for instance，may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment：“I know my teacher doesn’t like the fact that I don’t agree with his opinions．a(chǎn)nd that’s why he gave me such a poor grade in that class．”The teacher might say the opposite．Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person’s view is wrong．
The concept of serf originates in communication．Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others．You establish self-image。The sort of person you believe you are，by how others think of you．Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are．Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process．Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people．In a more obvious way．communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share．So，the communication begins with the self，as defined largely by others，and involves others，as defined largely by the self．
Communication Occurs almost every minute of your life．If you are not communicating with yourself（thinking，planning，reacting to the world around you），you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior．Even if the other person did not intend a message for you．you gather observations and draw specific conclusions．A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message．A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you．A third person smiles（perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently） and you believe that he is attracted to you．We are continually picking up meanings from others’ behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them．
More often than not，you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement．You may have made a joke out of your rude statement．Nonetheless，your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind．You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others．Communication cannot be reversed（倒退），nor can it be repeated．When you tried to re―create the atmosphere，the conversation，and the setting，nothing seemed right．Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results．
Paragraph outline | Supporting Details |
Communication begins with the self | ●People are somewhat products of others’ treatment and messages． ●we are always（71） ▲ in communication with others． |
Communication （72） ▲ others | ●Experiences of others help children learn to accept roles． ●Messages from others help you（73） ▲ who you are． ●Needs and（74） ▲ of others should be considered． |
Communication （75） ▲ everywhere | ●We are communicating with ourselves by thinking，planning and reacting to the outside world． ●We are always（76） ▲ other people by observing even if they do not intend any message for you． ●We are constantly collecting meanings from others’（77） ▲ ． ●We are constantly（78） ▲ meanings by what we do． |
Communication cannot be reversed nor repeated | ●You may explain what you have done，but you cannot（79） ▲ what remains in the other person’s mind． ●Yon may redo the conversation，but you（80） ▲ achieve the same results． |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆河北省高一下學期第二次月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
It is quite reasonable to blame traffic jams, the cost of gas and the great speed of modern life, but manners on the road are becoming horrible．Everybody knows that the nicest men would become fierce tigers behind the wheel．It is all right to have a tiger in a cage, but to have one in the driver’s seat is another matter altogether.
Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too．It takes the most cool-headed drivers great patience to give up the desire to beat back when forced to face rude driving．On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards reducing the possibility of quarrelling and fighting．A friendly nod or a wave of thanks in answer to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of good will and calm so necessary in modern traffic condition．But such behaviors of politeness are by no means enough．Many drivers nowadays don’t even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.
However, misplaced politeness can also be dangerous．Typical examples are the driver who waves a child crossing the street at a wrong place into the path of oncoming cars that may be not able to stop in time．The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they want to．It always amazes me that the highways are not covered with the dead bodies of these grannies (奶奶).
An experienced driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if drivers learnt to correctly join in traffic stream without causing total blockages that give rise to unpleasant feelings．Unfortunately, modern drivers can’t even learn to drive．Years ago, experts warned us that the fast increase of the car ownership would demand more give-and-take from all road users．It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.
1.According to the passage, troubles on the road are often caused by .
A．road conditions B．the speed of modern life
C．the large number of cars D．the behavior of the drivers
2.In the writer’s opinion, .
A．drivers should show road politeness properly.
B．strict traffic rules are badly needed
C．unskillful drivers should be punished
D． drivers should avoid traffic jams
3.The underlined word “give-and-take” in the passage means .
A．politeness and impoliteness
B．willingness to give in to each other’s wishes
C．offering help to others as much as possible
D．good manners and bad manners
4.What is the best title of the passage?
A．Road Politeness B．Traffic Problems
C Bad Manners on the Road D．Good Drivers and Bad Driver
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年四川省高三下學期三月月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完型填空
A man found the cocoon (繭) of a moth (蛾). He took it home so that he could 1 the moth come out of the cocoon. On that day a small 2 appeared. He sat and watched the moth for several hours as the moth struggled to 3 the body through that little hole. Soon it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had 4 as far as it could and it could go no further. It just seemed to be stuck. So the man, out of his kindness, decided to help the moth. He took a pair of scissors and 5 the remaining bit of the cocoon. The 6 then came out easily. But it had a swollen body and small, shriven (無用的) wings. The man continued to watch the moth because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and 7 to be able to support the 8 , which would get smaller in time. Neither happened! In fact, the little moth spent the rest of its life 9 around with a swollen body and shriven wings. It was 10 able to fly.
What the man in his kindness didn’t 11 was that the small cocoon and the 12 of the moth to get through the 13 opening was a way to push fluid (液體) 14 the body of moth 15 its wings so that it would be ready to fly 16 it got out of the cocoon. Freedom and 17 would come only after the struggle. By taking the struggle away, he also took away the moth’s health.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our lives. If we were to 18 our lives without any difficulties, we would become disabled. We would not be as 19 as what we could have been. Give every opportunity a chance. Leave no room for 20 .
1. A．help B．protect C．watch D．see
2. A．opening B．line C．moth D．butterfly
3. A．pull B．draw C．make D．force
4. A．got B．done C．tried D．climbed
5. A．cut up B．cut off C．cut out D．cut in
6. A．moth B．butterfly C．cocoon D．worm
7. A．lessen B．widen C．expand D．shorten
8. A．standing B．flight C．wings D．body
9. A．flying B．crawling C．walking D．lying
10. A．a(chǎn)lready B．certainly C．never D．ever
11. A．do B．think C．want D．understand
12. A．crawling B．struggle C．fight D．force
13. A．tiny B．beginning C．right D．a(chǎn)bove
14. A．in B．on C．by D．from
15. A．into B．to C．in D．onto
16. A．a(chǎn)fter B．once C．before D．until
17. A．courage B．happiness C．flight D．survival
18. A．stand by B．get on C．go through D．live in
19. A．great B．determined C．brave D．strong
20. A．regrets B．death C．failure D．wishes
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學浙江省杭州地區(qū)七年高二期中考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face. Living alone, every day he worked in his garden. In all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his. All sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flower’s place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell.
Hans had many friends, the most devoted being the Miller. So devoted was the rich Miller to Hans that he’d never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits. The Miller used to talk about noble ideas, and Hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having such a friend.
The neighbors thought it strange that the rich Miller never gave Hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep, but Hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship.
In spring, summer, and autumn Hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger. Though extremely lonely, the Miller never came to see him then.
“There’s no good in going to see Hans while the snow lasts.” The Miller said to his wife, “When people are in trouble they shouldn’t be bothered. So I’ll wait till the spring comes when he’s happy to give me flowers.”
“You’re certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “It’s quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship.”
“Couldn’t we ask Hans up here?” said their son. “I’ll give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits.”
“How silly you are!” cried the Miller. “I really don’t know what’s the use of sending you to school. If Hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybody’s nature. I am his best friend, and I’ll always watch over him, and see that he’s not led into any temptation. Besides, if Hans came here, he might ask me for some flour. Flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldn’t be confused. The words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. Everybody can see that.” He looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea.
Spring coming, the Miller went down to see Hans. Again he talked about friendship. “Hans, friendship never forgets. I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life. See, how lovely your roses are!”
Hans said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter.
“I’ll give you many good things. I think being generous is the base of friendship.” said the Miller. “And now, as I’ll give you many good things, I’m sure you’d like to give me some flowers in return. Here’s the basket, and fill it quite full.”
Poor Hans was afraid to say anything. He ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the Miller’s basket, imagining the many good things promised by the Miller.
The next day he heard the Miller calling: “Hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?”
“I’m sorry, but I am really very busy today.”
“Well,” said the Miller, “considering that I’m going to give you my things, it’s rather unfriendly of you to refuse. Upon my word, you mustn’t mind my speaking quite plainly to you.”
Poor Hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted.
One evening Hans was sitting by fire when the Miller came.
“Hans,” cried the Miller, “My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and I’m going for the Doctor. But he lives so far away, and it’s such a bad windy night. It has just occurred to me that you can go instead of me. You know I’m going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return.”
“Certainly,” cried Hans. He struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the Miller’s house in time to save the boy. However, Hans got lost in the darkness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned.
At Hans’ funeral, the Miller said, “I was his best friend. I should walk at the head of the procession.” Every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief.
1.From the passage, we can learn that Hans ___________.
A．was extremely wise and noble
B．was highly valued by the Miller
C．a(chǎn)dmired the Miller very much
D．had a strong desire for fortune
2.“Flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as ___________.
A．“Different words may mean quite different things.”
B．“Interest is long-lasting while friendship is flexible.”
C．“I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life.”
D．“I think being generous is the base of friendship.”
3.From the Miller’s talk at home, we can see he was ___________.
A．serious but kind
B．helpful and generous
C．caring but strict
D．selfish and cold-hearted
4.What’s the main cause of Hans’ tragedy?
A．True friendship between them.
B．A lack of formal education.
C．A sudden change of weather.
D．Blind devotion to a friend.
5.The author described the Miller’s behavior in order to ___________.
A．entertain the readers with an incredible joking tale
B．show the friendship between Hans and the Miller
C．warn the readers about the danger of a false friend
D．persuade people to be as intelligent as the Miller
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆四川攀枝花米易縣米易中學高二上第一次段考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Around the World in Eighty Days is a classic Adventure novel by Jules Verne. The story starts in London in 1872. One day in the Reform Club, Phileas Fogg, a wealthy gentleman, accepts a wager(賭注) for £20,000, which he will receive if he travels around the world in 80 days.
Phileas Fogg sets off immediately, with his servant Passepartout. They reach Suez(蘇伊士) quickly. While landing in Egypt, he is watched by a British detective named Fix, who is in search of a bank robber. Because Fix mistakes Fogg for the criminal, he follows secretly, as they are getting on a ship to Bombay.
After more than 20-days of travelling, they arrive in San Francisco, and then get on the train to New York. During that trip, the train is attacked by Indians, who take Passepartout away. With some soldiers’ help, Fogg succeeds in freeing his companion. To make up for the lost time, Fogg and his companion hasten on to New York, and catch the steamer for the crossing of the Atlantics. They arrive in Ireland in time to reach London before the deadline. However, once on British soil again, Fix arrests Fogg. Although the misunderstanding is quickly cleared up—the actual bank robber had been caught several days earlier. Fogg has missed the train and returns to London five minutes late, sure that he has lost the wager.
However, the next day Fogg learns from the priest that he is mistaken in the date, which he thinks Sunday but which actually is Saturday, due to the fact that they gained a full day on their journey around the globe, by crossing the International Date Line. Fogg immediately sets off for the Reform Club, where he arrives just in time to win the wager.
1.The reason that Fix wants to arrest Phileas Fogg is that .
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A．Phileas Fogg is the bank robber whom Fix is trying to catch |
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B．Phileas Fogg doesn’t have a passport for his travels |
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C．Fix mistakenly takes Phileas Fogg for the bank robber |
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D．Fix intends to prevent Fogg from winning the wager |
2.During his time in America, Phileas Fogg spends a lot of “unexpected” time .
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A．travelling across the continent of America |
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B．rescuing his companion from the Indians |
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C．waiting for the ship back to London |
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D．getting rid of the pursuing of Fix |
3.Does Phileas Fogg win the wager at last? Why?
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A．No. Because he doesn’t get to the Reform Club before the deadline. |
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B．Yes. Because he is not the bank robber； it’s a misunderstanding. |
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C．No. Because he wastes too much time during his trip. |
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D．Yes. Because he arrives at the Reform Club before the deadline. |
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