Question

       Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.

       Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule known as ‘bracketing’. Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside, stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

       Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far

more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don’t want to hear.

       It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有療效的) In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy(心理療法), before any of the roots of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.

66.  The phrase “stepping into his or her shoes” in paragraph 2 probably means _______.

       A. preparing a topic list first                              B. focusing on one’s own mind

       C. directing the talk to the desired results              D. experiencing the speaker’s inside world

67.  What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2 ?

       A. How to listen well.                                          B. What to listen to.

       C. Benefits of listening.                                     D. Problems in listening

68.  According to the author , in communication people tend to ________.

       A. listen actively                                           B. listen purposefully                    

       C. set aside their prejudices                             D. open up their inner mind

69.  According to the author , the patients improved mainly because _______.

       A. they were taken good care of.                            B. they knew they were truly listened to.

       C. they had partners to talk to.                          D. they knew the roots of problems.

70.  What type of writing the article likely to be ?

       A. Science fiction            B. A news report.            C. A medical report.              D. Popular science

Answer 1

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇科普文，題材是關(guān)于聆聽(tīng)。許多人對(duì)于聆聽(tīng)的理解可能就是一種被動(dòng)的接受，但本文向我們闡釋了聆聽(tīng)和我們所理解的恰恰相反，聆聽(tīng)是一種極其主動(dòng)的思維活動(dòng)，真正的聆聽(tīng)意味著我們摒棄個(gè)人的偏見(jiàn)和喜好，站在他人的位置去感受他人的內(nèi)心世界，只有當(dāng)說(shuō)話者感受到被接受后，真正的交流才得以實(shí)現(xiàn)，才可以使我們的交流更加高效和愉悅，同時(shí)也指出聆聽(tīng)在病人心理療方面的意義。

段落	關(guān)鍵詞 句	大意推測(cè)
第一段（para.1）	Passive, an active exercise, attention and hard work, realize, willing	聆聽(tīng)不是我們所理解的被動(dòng)的接受，而是需要付出專(zhuān)注和努力的積極活動(dòng)。
第二段（para.2--3）	Concentration, Bracketing, stepping into his or her shoes, acceptance, Sensing, open up the inner part , True communication, lack this energy, listening selectively, desired results, satisfactory, more interested	聆聽(tīng)需要專(zhuān)注說(shuō)話者，讓說(shuō)話者感覺(jué)到被接受，融入到說(shuō)話者的內(nèi)心世界，通常聆聽(tīng)者總是傾向于選擇性的聆聽(tīng)，以期待交流按照我們的意愿達(dá)到令人滿意的結(jié)果。
第三段（para.4）	Being truly listened to, frequently, therapeutic, surprising improvement, the roots, the patient’s sense, for the first time	當(dāng)病人感知到被真正聆聽(tīng)時(shí)，在沒(méi)有暴露出任何問(wèn)題根源之前，居然很多人病情居然都有了很大的改善，這種現(xiàn)象應(yīng)該主要是病人感受到了他們被真正的聆聽(tīng)的原因。

【解析】

66 D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。難度: 中等。由第二段Bracketing includes …, to experience as far as possible someone else’s world from the inside可知：這個(gè)短語(yǔ)其實(shí)就是對(duì)此句的轉(zhuǎn)化表述，上下文都在圍繞專(zhuān)注于聆聽(tīng)著要專(zhuān)注于說(shuō)話者，讓說(shuō)話者感覺(jué)到被接受，融入到說(shuō)話者的內(nèi)心世界。

67 A。判斷推理題。難度：中等。第二段第一句“Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else.”是本段的key sentence，真正的聆聽(tīng)要求專(zhuān)注于說(shuō)話者，本段下文均圍繞，解釋如何做才是真正的聆聽(tīng)，因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。

68 B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。難度：難。根據(jù)題意，可以定位到第三段第二句“Even though … what we are usually doing is listening selectively.”即使我們感覺(jué)我們?cè)谡J(rèn)真聽(tīng)，而事實(shí)是在交流中我們通常是在加以選擇性聆聽(tīng)，所以本題答案B為正確。

69 B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。難度：中等。由路標(biāo)詞可以定位到最后一段最后一句“…but chief among them, I believe, was the patient’s sense that he or she was being truly listened to ..”眾多原因中，作者認(rèn)為最主要的原因就是病人知道他們被真正的聆聽(tīng)，故而答案B正確。

70 D。判斷分析題。難度: 中等。本文主要是向人們說(shuō)明作為一個(gè)真正的聆聽(tīng)者，我們不可以作為一個(gè)被動(dòng)的接受者，而是要成為和如何做我們才能成為積極的真正聆聽(tīng)者，最后一段則通過(guò)實(shí)例說(shuō)明真正的聆聽(tīng)在心理治療上的重要性。因此，本文是在向我們宣講大眾科學(xué)，所以D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

【難句學(xué)習(xí)】

1. True communication is under way and the energy required for listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.

翻譯：這樣，真正意義的交流也就開(kāi)始了；而真正的聆聽(tīng)所需的這種精神是如此重要以至于它只有靠竭盡全力以達(dá)共同成長(zhǎng)的意志力才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

分析：be under way是固定短語(yǔ)，意思是正在進(jìn)行中；required短語(yǔ)在句中作energy的后置定語(yǔ)；so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)表示如此以至于。。。。。。

2. It wasn’t until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one being truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有療效的).

翻譯：直到我的醫(yī)生生涯就要結(jié)束的之時(shí)，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)原來(lái)一個(gè)人被真正的聆聽(tīng)對(duì)治療心理疾病是有療效的。

分析：此句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)not until的典型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句，此句是把not until放在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，要注意此句的翻譯。強(qiáng)調(diào)句也是考試中一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)，尤其要注意一下幾點(diǎn)：1強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+that/who(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人) +其它成分，2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的典型強(qiáng)調(diào)句，比如not until，not A but B等，3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句的部分省略，也就是that/who的省略，4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。