【題目】下圖為某流域年降水量及水庫泥沙沉積厚度示意圖,讀圖回答下列各題。
【1】該流域所屬氣候類型最可能是( )
A.溫帶海洋性氣候
B.熱帶沙漠氣候
C.溫帶大陸性氣候
D.熱帶季風氣候
【2】導致水庫泥沙沉積厚度出現(xiàn)季節(jié)差異的主要因素是( )
A.降水量 B.植被覆蓋率
C.人口數(shù)量 D.地貌形態(tài)
【答案】
【1】D
【2】A
【解析】
試題分析:
【1】從圖示信息可知,該流域多年年平均降水量約1500mm,冬季水庫泥沙沉積厚度相對數(shù)低于夏季,說明該流域冬季降水少于夏季。溫帶海洋性氣候全年降水均勻,A錯。熱帶沙漠氣候和溫帶大陸性氣候年降水量少,不可能達到1500mm, B、C錯。熱帶季風氣候年降水量多,且冬季降水少于夏季,D對。
【2】圖示信息反映出水庫泥沙沉積厚度夏季大于冬季。結合前面分析,夏季降水量大于冬季,夏季流水侵蝕能力強,攜帶進入水庫的泥沙較多,沉積較厚。冬季降水少,徑流量小,攜帶入水庫的泥沙少,沉積相對較淺,A對。植被覆蓋率、人口數(shù)量、地貌形態(tài)有影響,但不是季節(jié)變化的主要因素,B、C、D錯。
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