【題目】下圖是極地投影示意圖,圖中小虛線(xiàn)圓為極圈,大虛線(xiàn)圓為回歸線(xiàn);弧線(xiàn)ACB為晨昏線(xiàn),且AC段為晨線(xiàn);C點(diǎn)為晨昏線(xiàn)與極圈的切點(diǎn),也是晨昏線(xiàn)與120°E經(jīng)線(xiàn)的交點(diǎn),讀圖回答下列問(wèn)題。
【1】
A. 3月21日 B. 6月22日
C. 9月23日 D. 12月22日
【2】
A. 開(kāi)羅(30°N 、31°E) B. 北京(40°N、116°E)
C. 安克雷奇(60°N、150°W) D. 布宜諾斯艾利斯(34°S、59°W)
【3】
A. 3° B. 23.5° C. 26.5 ° D. 87°
【答案】
【1】B
【2】D
【3】A
【解析】試題分析:
【1】讀圖0°經(jīng)線(xiàn)與120°E之間順時(shí)針?lè)较驃A角為120°,可以判斷地球自轉(zhuǎn)方向?yàn)轫槙r(shí)針(沿地球自轉(zhuǎn)方向度數(shù)越來(lái)越大的為東經(jīng)度)。該圖為以南極點(diǎn)為中心的俯視圖。由于AC為晨線(xiàn),BC為昏線(xiàn),所以120°E為晝半球的中央經(jīng)線(xiàn),地方時(shí)為12點(diǎn),南極圈以南地區(qū)為極夜,太陽(yáng)直射點(diǎn)位于北回歸線(xiàn)上,為北半球的夏至日,故選B。
【2】由上題分析可知,此時(shí)太陽(yáng)直射北回歸線(xiàn),北半球晝長(zhǎng)夜短,120°E為地方時(shí)12點(diǎn)。開(kāi)羅位于東二區(qū),為地方時(shí)6點(diǎn),此時(shí)為上午,A錯(cuò)。北京正值正午,B錯(cuò)。安克雷奇位于150°W,此時(shí)為18點(diǎn),此時(shí)接近日落,C錯(cuò)。布宜諾斯艾利斯位于西四區(qū),此時(shí)為0點(diǎn),正值黑夜,D對(duì)。故選D。
【3】由上題分析可知,此時(shí)太陽(yáng)直射北回歸線(xiàn),攀枝花的正午太陽(yáng)高度為87度。太陽(yáng)能熱水器集熱板與太陽(yáng)光線(xiàn)垂直,效果最好,計(jì)算可知,太陽(yáng)能熱水器與地面的夾角為3°,故選A。
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