North American back bears are shy animals. They are fearful by nature, and will usuallyrun away if they see or hear people. Because of this, it can be difficult for scientists to learnabout these animals.
In order to study black bears, researchers from New Jersey, USA, catch bears and usedrugs to help them go to sleep. Researchers then work out the size and the weight of the bear,take blood to test for diseases, remove a tooth and take it to the lab to find out its age. Fromthese studies,researchers want to find out how many bears live in New Jersey, how long theylive, and how many babies theyproduce.
But in Minnesota, USA, researchers study bears that are completely awake. The bears knowthe researchers' voices and they are not afraid of die research team. With the help of a few grapes
to keep the bears busy, researchers can touch them to check their hearts, look at their teeth, and do other jobs.Researchers can also walk or sit with bears for hours and make videos to learn about their everyday lives.
In both places, the main purpose is the same—to make sure there is a healthy population of black bears. But theresearch methods and the kinds of information that researchers, are able to collect are quite different.

小題1:In the first paragraph, we can learn that North American black bears are _______.
A．shy and fearful animalsB．not found today
C．well known to scientists D．not afraid of people
小題2:The word "remove" in the second paragraph probably means _____ in Chinese.
A．拔下B．移植C．清洗D．修補
小題3:Which of the following may NOT be included in the New Jersey studies on bears?
A．The age.
B．The way of their communication.
C．The weight.
D．The number of babies they produce.
小題4:In the Minnesota studies, researchers _____.
A．can never get close to the bears
B．study the bears while they are asleep
C．use grapes to make the bears full
D．learn a lot about the bears' everyday lives
小題5:What do the two studies have in common?
A．Research places.B．The main purpose.
C．Research methods. D．Collected information.

小題1:A
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:D
小題5:B

試題分析：本文介紹北美黑熊，及這種熊的生活習性。希望通過研究了解在新澤西的北美熊數(shù)量、它們的存活時間和誕生寶寶的數(shù)量。
小題1:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句話North American back bears are shy animals. They are fearful bynature, and will usuallyrun away if they see or hear people.可知答案為A。
小題2:詞義猜測題。文章劃線部分單詞所在句子譯為“拔下一顆牙齒來研究他們的年齡�！惫蔬xA。
小題3:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句話Researchers then work out the size and the weight of the bear,take blood to test for diseases, remove a tooth and take it to the lab to find out its age.“調(diào)查者們?nèi)缓笥嬎愠鰧嶒炐枰难秃脱臄?shù)量，取下一顆牙齒并拿到實驗室以此推測他們的年齡�！笨芍鸢笧锽。
小題4:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話Researchers can also walk or sit with bears for hours and make videos to learn about their everyday lives.“調(diào)查者們還可以和這些熊一起行走閑坐數(shù)小時并制作錄像來理解它們每天的生活�！笨芍鸢笧镈。
小題5:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句話In both places, the main purpose is the same—to make sure there is a healthy population of black bears.“在這兩個地方，主要目的是一樣的，都是為了確�？梢缘玫揭粋�健康數(shù)量的黑熊�！笨芍鸢笧锽。
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

BEING an astronaut sounds cool, doesn’t it? In space, they get to do some pretty amazing things, like floating(漂浮) in zero gravity(重力).
However, there are also plenty of things that astronauts can’t do because of their weightless environment, and that’s very sad. What’s worse, they can’t even let their sadness show, because it’s impossible to cry in zero gravity.
Of course, astronauts can still produce tears(眼淚). But crying is much more difficult in space, according to The Atlantic(大西洋月刊) in January. Without gravity, tears don’t flow(流動) down out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go — they just stick(粘) to your eyes.
In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. “Tears,” he said, “don’t fall off of your eyes. They just stay there.”
Besides making your vision(視線) unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. But that’s not the case(情況) in space. The space environment dries out astronauts’ eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. “My right eye is stinging(刺痛) like crazy,” Feustel told his teammate during the walk.
Since gravity doesn’t work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of(除去) the tears. Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe(擦) the tears away. Another choice is to just wait — “When the tears get big enough, they simply break free of the eyes and float around,” astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.
There are lots of small things — things like crying — that we are so used to on Earth. We usually take them for granted until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space. There, astronauts can’t talk to each other directly. They also can’t eat or drink in normal ways. They can’t even burp(打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. If they do burp, they just end up throwing up(嘔吐) everything in their stomach, according to the UK National Space Center.
Therefore, perhaps it’s only space explorers who can honestly say, “Gravity, you’re the best.”
小題1: From Paragraphs 2 and 3, we can know that __________.
A．a(chǎn)stronauts are unable to feel sad in space
B．a(chǎn)stronauts produce fewer tears in space
C．tears produced in space flow down more slowly
D．tears produced in space don’t flow downward
小題2: What effect do tears have on astronauts?
A．They cause physical pain.B．They bring comfort to them.
C．They make their vision clearer.D．They float around and cause trouble.
小題3: The underlined phrase “take them for granted” in paragraph 7 means __________.
A．find them importantB．consider them useless
C．need them during an emergencyD．fail to notice their presence
小題4:Paragraph 7 is mainly about __________.
A．suggestions of how astronauts can stay comfortable in space
B．other basic things that are difficult to do in space
C．why burping is impossible in space
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The air plant has wonderful and amazing features. It takes in moisture(水汽)from the air through its leaves．Although it is seen growing on another object or plant to support itself.
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Water the air plant once in a while. Simply let the water fall from the roots. The roots will take in the water for the air plant. The air plant can live between 0℃° and 51 ℃. It does not need to be in the light all the time. However, sunlight(morning and evening only)helps it to reproduce(繁殖)faster. When it flowers，it turns a colorful pink, red or orange．At most 8 young plants can grow from the air plant．When these grow to half the size of the parent plant, simply pull them away gently from the parent plant and plant them in another place．
The lifespan of an air plant depends on the care it gets and the environment it is placed in. Generally, all air plant can live for many years.
Because they are so beautiful and easy to take care of, air plants are excellent as birthday gifts or housewarming gifts.
小題1:The air plant takes in moisture from ______.
A．other plantsB．the air
C．the rootsD．other objects
小題2: An air plant must NOT be placed in _______.
A．soilB．seashells
C．teacupsD．wood
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B．produce young plants faster
C．turn into different colors
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小題4: The underlined word “depend on” most probably means _______.
A．支持B．繼續(xù)
C．取決于D．應(yīng)付
小題5: The air plant is easy to take care of because it ______.
A．is a famous plantB．needs little water and sunlight
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Most people hope to have a memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life. Can memory be improved? Luckily, hundreds of studies in the past 50 years have already given us a definite* answer.
A healthy lifestyle keeps your brain young and memory sharp. First of all, it is necessary to have a healthy diet. Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E, such as vegetables and lean meat, helps you have a better memory. Doing exercise can keep your brain alive, too. Proper exercise provides much needed oxygen for the brain. Running ,riding a bike ,swimming and even walking two or three times a week are helpful. Moreover, getting enough sleep is important. Only when your brain gets a good rest, can it work well. The healthier your lifestyle is, the better your memory will become, but do not expect a sudden change---it takes a long time to make a difference.
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Human brains are like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you can certainly improved your memory.
小題1:How many ways of keeping a healthy lifestyle are mentioned in the passage?
A．woB．ThreeC．FourD．Five
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B．Remembering the meaning of the word “red” by connecting it with fire
C．Remembering a long and difficult passage by understanding its meaning.
D．Remembering the post number 0708591 by diving it into 070 and 8571
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To use it better every day 
B.To understand it in a better way
C.To improve memory skills 
D.To remember it for a longer time
小題4:The passage is written to tell us______.
not everyone has a good memory 
B. memory skills are not difficult to learn
C. memory can be improved in some ways 
D. it is important to have a healthy lifestyle

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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Ann Makosinski was the only Canadian among the four winners at Google's international science competition. Thousands of young scientists from around the world took part in the competition.
Winning the science and technology competition was "a surprise". Ann said, "I think it will have a great influence on my future."
Ann thanked her family for encouraging her interest in science and said that her first toy was a box of transistors(晶體管).
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In her project, Ann wrote "I made two flashlights that do not use any batteries or harmful materials. They do not create any noise and will always work. The flashlight needs at least a 5℃ temperature difference between the holder's body and the environment around to produce light."
A video of Ann explaining how she creatcd the flashlight has been watched more than 1.4 million times on the Internet.
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The four winners were chosen from 15 final competitors from eight countries. The competition attracted thousands of students in 120 countries.

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小題2: The first paragraph is written to be a(n) ________.
A．introduction B．warningC．a(chǎn)rgumentD．discussion
小題3:Paragraph 6 mainly tells us ________.
A．what Ann saw in the PhilippinesB．why Ann invented Hollow Flashlight
C．how Ann's family encouraged her interestD．what prize Ann got for Hollow Flashlight
小題4:According to the passage, we learn ________.
A．easy to win the international science competition
B．Hollow Flashlight is safe, noiseless and can save energy
C．Ann has made a decision to be a scientist in the future
D．few people are interested in how Ann created the flashlight

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You want to run across the street to catch the bus which is leaving soon? But wait! You’d better not. If a policeman sees you, you’ll have to pay a fine (罰款).
New traffic laws (交通法) say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined as much as 50 yuan.
Traffic accidents killed more than 104,000 people in China last year. Chinese cities have more cars than ever. Drivers and pedestrians (行人) must work together to make the streets safer.
The law has new rules for drivers and pedestrians. Drivers have to slow down when they are close to crosswalks. If people are in a crosswalk, cars must stop to let them pass.
There are rules for bus drivers, too. If bus drivers smoke, drink or make phone calls while driving, they can be fined. Buses that carry too many people are also against the law.
Pedestrians will have to walk more safely under the new law. They must cross streets at crosswalks. Also, they shouldn’t climb over the fences (柵欄) along streets.
Do you bike to school? It’s not a good idea to carry classmates on the back. You could be fined 50 yuan.
And stay in the bike lane (慢車道) when you’re riding. The big roads are for cars and buses.
Do you like to ride your uncle’s motorbike? When you put on your helmet (頭盔), ask him to put one on, too. People on motorbikes must wear helmets, the new law says. If they don’t, they’ll have to pay 200 yuan.
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If you see a hit-and –run (肇事逃逸), tell the police. They may give you a reward (獎賞). And don’t be afraid to help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident. Don’t worry about money. The new law says that doctors must take care of them even if they can’t pay right away.
小題1:Don’t go across the road when _______.
A．the light is greenB．the light is redC．the bus is leavingD．traffic is busy
小題2:What does the word “crosswalk” mean is Chinese?
A．過馬路B．人行橫道C．立交橋D．車行道
小題3:If you are a bus driver, _______while you are driving, according to the new traffic laws.
A．you can make a phone call
B．you can’t talk to others
C．you can’t smoke
D．you can drink
小題4:When you ride in a car, the first thing you must do is __________.
A．to put on the helmet
B．to tip the driver
C．to put on the seat belt
D．to see if it carries too many people
小題5:You should do all the following EXCEPT _________.
A．carrying your classmate on the back when you’re riding a bike
B．phoning the police when you see a hit-and-run
C．helping people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident
D．wearing your helmet while riding a motorbike

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Microsoft has stopped providing service for Windows XP since April 8. The computers that use the XP system are not as safe as before.
The "demise" of Windows XP will have the greatest influence on China because it has about 210 million XP users, who make up about 70.percent of the PC market in the world. Microsoft's decision to "kill" Windows XP, a product with hundreds of millions of users, has a certain purpose to show its strong position in the operating system market.

At the same time, the "death" of XP has created opportunities for China's IT companies to grow and develop.
In fact, shortly after Microsoft announced the “demise” of XP,some Chinese IT security(安全)providers were willing to offer safe solutions for XP users who do not change into a new system.
Information security is crucial for the IT companies, and the key to safeguarding information is the core technology, which very much depends on innovation(革新).
Although China has some well-known IT companies, it still does not have the core technology to develop an operating system. Many people are always complaining about and criticizing.  Therefore, only by having information technology and a policy that encourages innovation can China break the monopoly(壟斷)of international IT giants and protect the internet security.
小題1:根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子填空。（每空限填一個單詞）。
From the first paragraph of the passage, we know Microsoft has __________ __________ providing service for Windows XP.
小題2:根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子填空。（每空限填一個單詞）。
According to the passage, there are about__________ __________XP users in the world.
小題3:根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。
According to the passage, how can China break the monopoly of international IT giants and protect the internet security?
小題4:把短文中劃線的句子譯成漢語。
_______________________________________________________________________________
小題5:根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用一個完整的句子回答問題（限10個詞以內(nèi)）。
What is the main idea of the passage?   
_______________________________________________________________________________

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A tsunami(海嘯) is a series of(一系列) huge waves that can cause great destruction(毀滅) when they hit a beach. Most tsunamis are caused by underwater earthquakes, but not all underwater earthquakes cause tsunamis. About 90 percent of all tsunamis take place in the Pacific Ocean, most of them are in Japan. A strong earthquake in the ocean near Japan caused a deadly tsunami on March 11,2011. As of April 25, the number of death had been raised to 14,133, and more than 13,346 people were listed as missing. The word “tsunami” comes from the Japanese word.

Many tsunamis could be found before they hit land with the use of modern technology. If you see the water drawback (后退) quickly and unexpectedly from a beach, run toward higher ground or inland -- there may be a tsunami coming. Also, if you are on the beach and there is an earthquake, it may have caused a tsunami, so run toward higher ground or inland. The first wave in a tsunami is often not the largest; if you experience one unusually-huge wave, go inland quickly -- even bigger waves could be coming soon. 
Do you know the story of the "angel(天使) of the beach"? Tilly, A 10-year-old English schoolgirl who saved the lives of hundreds of people in Phuket,Thailand in the Asian Tsunami of 2004 , by warning them a wall of water was about to strike(襲擊), after learning about tsunamis in geography class. “Last term geography teacher Andrew Kearney taught us about earthquakes and how they can cause tsunamis,” Tilly said to the reporter.“I was on the beach and the water started to go funny. There were bubbles and the water went out all of a sudden. I recognised what was happening and had a feeling there was going to be a tsunami. I told mummy.”
小題1:An earthquake          may cause a tsunami.
A. in the city                  B. in the country             C. under the water
小題2:When the tsunami is coming, we should          .
A. run towards the higher place or inland   
B. run to the playground  
C.run into a house
小題3:Tilly saved hundreds of people’s life in        .
A. Japan                      B. Tailand                   C. the United Kingdom
小題4:Tilly recognised there would be a tsunami because          .
A. her geography teacher told her.    
B. she found the water drawback unusually quickly
C. she had a feeling about the earthquake
小題5:Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The word “tsunami” is from Japanese because most recorded tsunamis in the world took place in Japan
B. Tsunami can only be found by modern technology before it hit the land.
C. Tsunami only happens in the Pacific Ocean

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

To write a great news story, you have to make sure it is correct, relevant (相關(guān)的) and fresh.
For a start, all the information in a story must be correct. Not only the spelling and grammar, but also the facts.
Any mistakes that appear in a story can get a newspaper into big trouble.
For example, if a newspaper said that Yang Liwei was the first man to go into space, it would be wrong. He wasn't the first. The newspaper would probably lose lots of readers because of that mistake
A news story is not only correct , but also relevant to its readers. People are mostly interested in news that happens near to them. That is why you care more about what happens at your school than at American schools. It is also why newspapers in Beijing don't talk about much news in Shanghai or Hong Kong .
Finally, news must always be fresh. When you pick up your evening newspaper, you want to read about news that happens that day. You don't want to read about news from last week!
So, now you know what makes a good news story. Have a good look at our newspaper and see if it is full of good news .You can try writing a news story for our newspaper like a real reporter.
小題1:The writer mentions              main factors (因素) to make a news story really great.
A．twoB．threeC．fourD．five.
小題2:According to the writer, newspaper in Nanchang should talk much about news in           
A．NanchangB．Hong Kong.
C．Shanghai.D．Beijing.
小題3:Which of the following is true ?
A．A small mistake can't get a newspaper into trouble.
B．A lot of people like reading about news from last week.
C．The passage doesn't tell us who was the first man to go into space.
D．People are mostly interested in news that happens far away from them.
小題4:The passage mainly talks about                
A．why to be a good reporter.
B．where to find interesting news.
C．when to choose a good newspaper.
D．how to write a great news story

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