Who's building the new China? It's not the factory owners or the business men and women of China. It's someone else. We see them every day, They work day and night in the terrible working conditions and weather. They build the roads, the theaters, the cinemas and the supermarkets. They even clean up our rubbish. They are China’s migrant workers(民工).
More than 140 million workers have left their homes in the countryside to look for jobs in big cities all over China. They hope to be rich, but they realize they have many difficulties in making enough money. And one of the difficulties that these workers have is the pride and discrimination (歧視) from the people in cities. When night falls, everywhere I look I see the sad faces of the migrant workers. Many are living far away from those whom they love. Yes，they dress differently, they speak differently, and they have different habits, but they work hard .The people in cities regard them as outsiders, and most governments refuse to give them medical care and public schooling for their children. If China hopes to move into the future, many things need to change. The first is discrimination! We need to stop our discrimination against the migrant workers of China! They may not make as much money as some people in cities, but they are good honest people just trying to survive this game of life. These workers are very important and necessary to China’s economic (經(jīng)濟) development and have become an important force for the change of Chinese society. They are building the new China, so we should help them.
【小題1】The journalist think __________ is building the new China.
| A．the factory owners of China |
| B．the business men and women of China |
| C．the migrant workers of China |
| D．the people in Chinese cities |
| A．Moving forward |
| B．The discrimination from the people in cities. |
| C．How to make more money. |
| D．A lonely life. |
| A．活過來 | B．挺過來 | C．活得累 | D．活得長 |
| A．They should be helped by us. |
| B．More than 1.4 billion migrant workers have been in big cities to make money. |
| C．They are not welcomed by the people in cities because they regard them as outsiders. |
| D．They have become quite important to the change of Chinese society. |
| A．Though China's migrant workers work hard, their condition is terrible. |
| B．The condition of China's migrant workers needs to be changed for China's development. |
| C．The people in cities aren't polite to the migrant workers. |
| D．China's development only depends on the migrant workers. |
【小題1】C
【小題2】B
【小題3】B
【小題4】C
【小題5】B
解析試題分析：這篇短文主要描述了大量的農(nóng)民工為城市的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻，但是卻被城里人歧視，享受不到應有的福利。從而告訴我們，為了中國的發(fā)展，需要改善農(nóng)民工的處境。
【小題1】根據(jù)第一段They are China’s migrant workers(民工).描述，可知選C。
【小題2】短文第四五段主要描述了城里人對農(nóng)民工的歧視問題，故選B，城里人對農(nóng)民工的歧視。
【小題3】聯(lián)系上文描述，可知此處指的是他們努力地挺過來了。故選B。
【小題4】根據(jù)短文描述，可知把農(nóng)民工視作外來者和城里人不歡迎農(nóng)民工不是因果關系。正相反，不歡迎他們是原因，把他們視作外來者是結果，故選項C，描述錯誤。
【小題5】這篇短文主要描述了大量的農(nóng)民工為城市的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻，但是卻被城里人歧視，享受不到應有的福利。從而告訴我們，為了中國的發(fā)展，需要改善農(nóng)民工的處境。故選B。
考點：關于農(nóng)民工問題的說明文閱讀
點評：本文淺顯易懂，各個小題都能在文中找到適當依據(jù)。只要認真閱讀短文，注意前后聯(lián)系，就能順利完成閱讀。文章所設試題主要考察細節(jié)查找，做題關鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認真核查小題和原文的異同。
應用題作業(yè)本系列答案科目：初中英語 來源：2011--2012學年江蘇省海門市九年級九年級上學期期中考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Look at the photo of a boy. Do you know who he is? Many Chinese people know him very well now. His name is Lin Hao. He is only nine years old now, but he can save his two partners during the earthquake in Sichuan on May 12, 2008. He carried his two partners with his weak back at that dangerous time. And they got nothing about his parents then. His fourteen-year-old sister took them away and walked seven hours difficultly. At last, they got to Du Jiangyan City safely. He was very calm when he appeared in the picture of the reporter’s cameral. Just as his brave behavior, we are all moved. And he was named “Ten Little Heroes during the Earthquake” by CCTV.
At the same time, another nine children were named “Ten Little Heroes during the Earthquake” by CCTV. Lei Chunian, a 15-year-old child, is a middle school student. He did not run out when the earthquake happened, instead he ran into the classroom and found his seven classmates were sitting at the corner of the classroom. He took them away at once. On the half way, he found there were only six. At that very dangerous time, he ran back to the classroom again. He found a girl crying there because of fearing. He asked her to run away quickly. But she was too afraid to move. So he carried her and ran out of the classroom. A few seconds later, the building fell down and they were all safe.
Let’s remember all these little heroes for ever. They are Ren Dong, Ning Jiaci, Dong Yupei, Liu Li, Tang Fuwen, Kang Jie, Zhou Wen, Yin Quankui and Zhu Hualin. We should learn their spirit of helping others during the dangerous time. Among them, Liu Li and Zhou Wen lost their lives. Zhou Wen is a Tibet (藏族) girl.
( ) 1. Lin Hao saved ________ during the earthquake on May 12, 2008.
A. one boy B. one girl C. two partners of his D. two teachers of his
( ) 2. We all moved by little Lin Hao because he was _______ when he appeared in the picture of the reporter’s camera.
A. brave B. angry C. frightened D. calm and brave
( ) 3. Lei Chunian didn’t _______ when the earthquake happened.
A. run out B. wake up C. go to school D. stand up
( ) 4. _______ and _______ lost their lives among these ten little heroes.
A. Lei Chunian; Lin Hao B. Liu Li; Zhou Wen
C. Kang Jie; Tang Fuwen D. Dong Yupei; Zhou Wen
( ) 5. Lei Chunian ran back to the classroom because one of his classmates was ______ in the corner of the classroom because of fearing.
A. sleeping B. crying C. reading D. lying
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科目：初中英語 來源：2012-2013學年福建省福州文博中學八年級上學期期末考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案：（共5分）
London is a very large city with about 7 million people. How do so many people move on their way to work or school?
In London you can travel around the city by subway, bus, taxi or private （私人的）car. The subway runs under the city. It goes to all parts of the city. Traveling by subway is the fastest way to get around the city.
The second way to travel about the city is by bus. It is a slower way to travel. This is because the road traffic is always heavy.
You can also travel around the city by taxi. This is very expensive, but the taxi will take you to the every place you wish to go to. If traffic is heavy, the taxi will be slow. During the mornings and afternoons, there is the “rush hour”
The last way to get around London is using your own car. It is inconvenient（不方便的） if you are driving in the “rush hour”. If there is an accident on the road, you will have to wait for a long time.
The best time to travel around the city is from 9 am to 4 pm. This is the time after the morning “rush hour” and before the evening “rush hour”. Traffic will be less heavy during this time.
【小題1】 How many ways are there if you travel around London ?
| A．Four | B．Six | C．Five | D．Three |
| A．Traveling by bike | B．Traveling by train |
| C．Traveling by subway | D．Traveling by bus |
| A．It’s fast |
| B．You can go wherever you want to go |
| C．It’s cheap |
| D．You can visit the city easily |
| A．快跑時間 | B．高峰期 | C．忙碌期 | D．沖刺期 |
| A．The cheapest way to travel around London . |
| B．Life in London |
| C．Rush hour in London |
| D．Transport in London |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2013屆黑龍江省哈爾濱市松北區(qū)九年級升學調(diào)研測試（一）英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Who are you? Sure you know your name, but your name is just a label (標簽); it does not describe who you are. In a world with over six billion people, there can be millions of Johns or Jennys, but there is only one YOU. So what makes you special?
There are three things that make you different from any other person on the planet: your looks, your fingerprints (指紋) and your personality. Your looks and fingerprints certainly make you special, but these are just physical characteristics(特征). It is your personality that really describes who you are.
Personality is the form of emotions, thoughts, and behavior that people show throughout their lives, which makes them different from others. It is especially shown in how they behave towards other people.
Each person’s personality is made up of different personality traits (特征) such as kindness or shyness. These traits decide how people behave in different situations. A person’s personality decides everything they say and do. The human’s brain(大腦) has a special part that gives us personality and allows us to think for ourselves. This part of the brain is called the mind. Someone’s personality can change if their brain damaged in an accident. Scientists cannot study the mind by looking inside someone’ brain! To study the mind, scientists have to study human behavior. This includes studying people and having personality tests. Scientists believe that answers to the questions tell us something about a person’s personality traits. After asking thousands of people thousand of questions, they have found that some personality traits seem to go together. For example, shy people are often quiet. They have an introverted (內(nèi)向的) personality type. The opposite is an extroverted (外向的) personality type —people who are outgoing, friendly and like being around other people. Describing personality types is not easy. In fact, scientists do not all agree on how many personality types there are, or how exactly they are described.
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。
【小題1】The underlined word “personality” in the passage means “_______” in Chinese.
A. 心理 B. 特征 C. 性格
【小題2】From this passage, you know _______ makes you different from any other person.
A. your hair, the color of skin and height
B. your name
C. your looks, fingerprints and personality
【小題3】Your personality comes from _______.
A. 
B. 
C. 
【小題4】Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. People who are introverted don’t like being around others.
B. To study the personality, scientists have to study human behavior.
C. Everyone’s personality won’t change at any time.
【小題5】Which is the best title for the passage?
A. WHO ARE YOU
B. PERSONALITY
C. YOUR SPECIAL LOOK
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科目：初中英語 來源：2013屆湖北省宜昌中學九年級下學期第一次月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Millvina Dean, Titanic’s last Survivor(幸存者), died on May 31，2009 at a nursing home(療養(yǎng)院) in Southampton.. She was 97 and had been in poor health for several weeks.
Ms Dean was the youngest among the ship’s 705 survivors. She was only 9 weeks old when the Titanic sank on the night of April 14, 1912. She survived with her mother and her 2-year-old brother. Her father, Bertram Dean, died in the sinking．
Millvina Dean never married. For many years after the sinking，she never spoke of it to people around her. But that changed after September 1, 1985 when the wreck(殘骸)of the Titanic was discovered. That set off a wave of interest in the ship, especially after the movie Titanic.“They found the wreck and after that, they found me,” she said.
In the last 20 years of her life, she went to the US, Canada and Europe to take part in events related to the sinking. She said all that she knew of what happened during the sinking was learned from her mother.
She moved to the nursing home because of her falling health. In order to pay the living costs there，she began to sell her Titanic souvenirs(紀念品).
Ms Dean had never seen the movie Titanic. She explains the movie would make her think of what had happened to her father, so she didn’t want to see it.
【小題1】Millvina Dean was _______ when the Titanic sank．
| A．nine weeks old |
| B．twelve weeks old |
| C．two years old |
| D．twenty years old |
| A．They were going on a holiday |
| B．They were going to a party in the US |
| C．We can’t find out the reason from this passage. |
| D．They were going to visit their grandparents in |
| A．she was ill. |
| B．she was dying |
| C．the wreck of the Titanic was discovered |
| D．20 years later |
| A．seven hundred and five people survived in the Titanic sinking |
| B．Millvina Dean’s father died in the sinking |
| C．The wreck of the Titanic was found in 1985 |
| D．Ms Dean wanted to see the film Titanic very much |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2013屆湖北省襄陽市�？悼h中考適應性考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
What is your favorite English letter? Many of you will say QQ.Why? Because so many of you chat with your friends on QQ. What do you like about QQ?What do you talk about? The CCTV reporter, Miss Wang interviews three kids. Let’s listen to what they say.
When do you chat on QQ? What do you talk about?
Lin Yuhan, Xi’an: On weekends, we talk about homework and chat with each other.
Tang Xuting, Shanghai: At weekends and when I don’t have much homework. We exchange test answers and chat.
Yang Yuhang, Dalian: Our class goes online together at 4—6 pm at the weekends. We complain about homework, chat and talk about computer games.
What do you put on your QQ blog(博客)？
Lin: I put good articles I have found online on my blog. I also write articles myself. They are about funny things that have happened in my class.
Tang: I put pictures on my blog. Not my own photos, but pictures from my favorite Japanese cartoons(卡通片)like Tennis Prince and Conan.
Yang: I put DV films on my blog. I shoot (拍攝)them during sports meetings and school parties. The most popular one is about a dancing teacher. It is so funny that everyone watches it.
How do you like QQ?
Lin: It’s a good space for us to make a record of our lives, of both good times and sad times.
Tang: My friends and I may not have time to chat at school. But we can do it on QQ. It’s very helpful to our friendships.
Yang: If you chat with friends on the telephone, your parents sometimes can hear your conversation. There is no such problem with QQ. You can relax and talk freely.
【小題1】What does Yang Yuhang talk about on QQ at the weekend?
① homework ②chat ③test answers ④computer games
| A．①② | B．②③ | C．①②④ | D．②③④ |
| A．Some pictures. | B．Good articles. |
| C．DV films. | D．Japanese cartoons. |
| A．Lin says QQ is very helpful to their friendships. |
| B．Yang says he can chat freely with many friends and relax on QQ. |
| C．Tang says QQ is a good space for them to make a record of their lives. |
| D．Tang says he chats on QQ on weekdays though he has lots of homework. |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2013屆江蘇省徐州市中考模擬英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
閱讀短文，回答問題 （共5小題，每題2分，滿分10分）
閱讀下面短文，按要求完成相關任務。
It is said that more than four million people die each year from smoking. The number is frightening.
Yet people around the world continue to smoke. In the USA, about forty-seven-million adults smoke. This year, more than 430,000 Americans died of diseases which have something to do with smoking. The American Cancer Society (美國癌癥協(xié)會) says smoking harms the body greatly. It warns that smoking even a number of cigarettes is dangerous.
(71) 戒煙是不容易的 However, doctors say you probably will live longer if you do stop smoking. You will feel better and look better. You also will protect the health of family member who breathe your smoke.
There is not one right way to stop smoking, doctors say. Anyway can help. You can take long walks or spend time in places where smoking is not allowed. Also, you can eat a small piece of fruit or vegetable instead of having a cigarette. (72) The sooner you stop smoking, the more you’ll reduce(減少) your chances of getting cancer and other diseases.
Stop smoking before smoking stops you!
【小題1】How many people die from smoking each year?
【小題2】What does the American Cancer Society say about smoking?
【小題3】將文中劃線漢語譯成英語。
【小題4】將文中劃線英語譯成漢語。
【小題5】Give the title of the passage.
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011-2012學年北京市四中初二下學期期中考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
The Mayan（瑪雅的）Indians lived in Mexico for thousands of years before the Spanish arrived in the 1500s. The Mayan achievements were many. They had farms, beautiful palaces, and cities with many buildings. The Mayan people knew a lot about nature and the world around them. This knowledge helped them to live a better life than most people of that time, because they could use it to make their lives more comfortable and rewarding（值得的）. Knowledge about tools and farming, for example, made their work easier and more productive.
The Maya believed in many gods, including rain gods, sun gods, and corn gods. The people built large temples to honor the Mayan gods. Skillful workers built cities around these temples. It was difficult for them to build these cities, because they had no horses to carry the heavy stone they used to build with. Workers had to carry all of the building materials themselves. Today, many of these ancient Mayan cities and temples are still standing.
Although the cities that the Maya built were beautiful, and the people worked hard to build them, very few of the people lived in them. Usually, only the priests（牧師）lived in the cities.
The other people lived in small villages in the forests. Their houses were much simpler than the elaborate buildings in the cities. They lived in small huts（小屋）with no windows. The walls were made of poles covered with dried mud, and the roof was made of grass or leaves. Most Maya lived a simple life close to nature.
The Mayan priests studied the Sun, the Moon, stars, and planets. They made a calendar from what they learned. The year was divided into 18 months of 20 days each with five days left over. The Mayan calendar was far more exact than the European calendars of the time.
Around the year 800, the Maya left their villages and beautiful cities, never to return. No one knows why this happened. They may have died from some disease. They may have left because the soil could no longer grow crops. Archaeologists（考古學家）are still trying to find the lost secrets of the Maya.
【小題1】What does the underlined word “elaborate’’ mean?
| A．easily built | B．carefully made | C．slowly fixed | D．quickly designed |
| A．most Maya lived in beautiful cities |
| B．many Mayan cities and temples are still standing |
| C．the Maya were intelligent and culturally rich people |
| D．the Mayan calendar was the same as European calendars |
| A．They had better building skills and housing conditions. |
| B．They believed in many gods, and honored the Mayan gods. |
| C．They had knowledge about tools and faming. |
| D．They studied about nature and the world around them. |
| A．Mayan Gods | B．Mayan Buildings |
| C．Productive Maya | D．Mysterious（神秘的）Maya |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2013年初中畢業(yè)升學考試（江西卷）英語（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
When I crossed a small road on my first day in Kolkata, I was surprised because I heard a bell-not a horn (喇叭), It was a tiny man pulling a rickshaw, He stopped and picked up two children from the front door of their house and pulled them to school. For many people, the rickshaw in Kolkata has many advantages. When the traffic is bad, rickshaws find a way through the traffic. If your miss your bus and there aren't any taxis, you can always find a rickshaw in Kolkata. Rickshaws are from your house to the market and waits for you. Then he loads (裝載)all your things, drops you off outside your home and helps you unload, No other type of public transport offers this kind of service.
From June to September, Kolkata gets heavy rain. Sometimes it rains for 48 hours without a break. In some parts of the city, the roads flood (水淹), and anything with an engine(發(fā)動機) is useless, But the rickshaw drivers never stop working, even with water all around them.
But not everyone thinks rickshaws are a good thing. The local government want to ban rickshaws. They believe it is wrong for one man to pull another person when there is modern transport in the city. However, there is a problem with this plan. Many of the rickshaw drivers come from the countryside. The only job they can find in Kolkata is pulling a rickshaw, If the city bans rickshaws, these men won't have a job. So for the moment, the people of Kolkata still go by rickshaw.
【小題1】What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
| A．The rickshaw drivers carry things for local people in Kolkata. |
| B．Parents need rickshaws for taking children to school in Kolkata. |
| C．Rickshaws can find a way through the bad traffic in Kolkata. |
| D．Rickshaws are very useful for the people's daily life in Kolkata. |
| A．A bus. | B．A taxi. | C．A car. | D．A rickshaw. |
| A．make | B．increase | C．forbid | D．collect |
| A．The rickshaws in Kolkata have loud horns. |
| B．The rickshaw is still a part of public transport in Kolkata. |
| C．The local government offer many other jobs to the rickshaw driven. |
| D．The people in Kolkata are supposed to take rickshaws instead of cars. |
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