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Thousands of years ago, people only ate food that was grown near their homes. Some kinds of food were only grown in one place, so people from other places didn't know about them. When Europeans first traveled to Central and South America in the 1500s, they discov­ered strange kinds of food that they had never seen before. Today, these are grown in a lot of different countries and they're sold in supermarkets all over the world. They don't seem strange any more!
Potatoes were first grown in the Andes in South America. In 1586， they were taken to Europe by explorers(探險家).In 1719， they were taken to North America. Before 1719， nobody in North America had ever seen or eaten a potato. Today each American eats more than 60 kilos of potatoes a year.
Tomatoes were also first grown by native(本地的)Americans. When European explorers visited the south of America in 1500, they took tomato seeds(種子)back to Europe. Soon, tomatoes were grown in Europe, but people in England didn't eat them. At that time, a lot of English people thought that tomatoes were poisonous!
Chilies(辣椒)have been eaten in Central and South America for more than 8 ，000 years ！ In the 1500s, chilies were taken to Europe by explorers. Today, they are grown in hot coun­tries all over the world.
11. How many kinds of food are mentioned in the passage?
A. Two.          B. Three.         C. Four.
12. People in Central and South America have eaten chilies for more than          years.
A. 1,500          B. 1,586         C. 8,000
13. The underlined word "poisonous" in the passage means "           " in Chinese.
A.有毒的          B.重要的         C.辛辣的
14. According to the passage, we know that          .
A. people only ate food grown near their homes after 1719
B. people in Europe were the first to plant potatoes
C. the European explorers took chilies to Europe in the 1500s
15. Which of the following is the best title(標題)for the passage?
A. Traveling to America
B. "Strange" Food
C. The Earliest Explorers

【小題1】B
【小題1】C
【小題1】A
【小題1】C
【小題1】B解析:
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科目：初中英語 來源：2012屆江蘇省南京市建鄴區(qū)初三中考一模英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

Throughout history, people have been interested in knowing how language first began, but no one knows exactly where or how this happened. However, we do know a lot about languages, the language of today and also the languages of earlier times. There are probably about three thousand languages in the world today. Chinese is the language with the most speakers. English, Russian and Spanish are also spoken by millions of people. On the other hand, some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers.
There are several important families of languages in the world. For example, most of the languages of Europe are in one large family called Indo-European. The original language of this family was spoken about 4,500 years ago. Many of the present-day languages of Europe and India are modern forms of the language of 4,500 years ago.
Languages are always changing. The English of today is very different from the English of 500 years ago. In time, some even die out completely. About 1,000 years ago, English was a little known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.
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【小題1】The first paragraph mainly tells us that_______.

A．most people in the world speak Chinese
B．there are thousands of languages in today’s world
C．man has much knowledge about languages
D．some people know several languages
【小題2】Most European and Indian languages_______.
A．will soon die out completely
B．were once a relative of English
C．are no longer spoken
D．come from the same family of language.
【小題3】Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Chinese is the language with the most speakers.
B．English was a well-known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.
C．A language has many speakers, but there may be no differences in the way it is spoken in different areas.
D．Speakers of Chinese from some parts of China can understand speakers from other parts.
【小題4】It is considered a most difficult thing for one to learn to speak Chinese because_______.
A．there are great differences between the dialects of Chinese
B．Chinese and many foreign languages are not of the same family
C．Chinese is a very old language
D．there are great differences between the old Chinese and the present-day Chinese
【小題5】The underlined word “dialect” in the last paragraph means_______.
A．a special language spoken by Chinese
B．the sign used by Chinese people in a special area
C．the difference between the old and today’s Chinese
D．the form of a language used in one part of the country

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