Although people everywhere seem to enjoy drinking coffee, they don’t all have the same coffee culture. In Europe for example, coffee shops are common places for people to meet friends and to talk while they drink coffee. On the other hand, places like this were not as common in North America in the past. Instead, people in North America liked to drink coffee in their homes with friends. The coffee culture in the USA changed when Starbucks coffee shops spread across the country.[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]
The first Starbucks coffee shop opened in 1971 in downtown Seattle, Washington, in the USA. It was a small coffee shop that cooked its own coffee beans. The coffee shop’s business did well, and by 1981 there were three Starbucks stores in Seattle.
Things really began to change for the company in 1981.That year, Howard Schultz met the three men who ran Starbucks. Schultz worked in New York for a company that made kitchen equipment. He noticed that Starbucks ordered a large number of special coffee makers, which caused his great interest. Schultz went to Seattle to see what Starbucks did. In 1982, the original Starbucks owners hired Schultz as the company’s head of marketing（市場(chǎng)營銷）.
In 1983, Schultz traveled to Italy. The special environment of the espresso (濃咖啡) bars there caught his eyes. Back in the USA, Schultz created an environment for Starbucks coffee shops that was comfortable and casual, and customers everywhere seemed to like it. Starbucks began opening more stores across the USA. Then the company opened coffee shops in other countries as well. Today, there are more than 16,000 Starbucks coffee shops all over the world.
However, that does not mean Starbucks has not had problems. In fact, many Starbucks stores have closed over the past few years. On the one hand, this is because there were too many coffee shops competing for business in one small area. On the other hand, stores in some countries closed because the coffee culture there did not match with the “feel the same everywhere” environment offered by Starbucks.
【小題1】 The underlined word “ran” in Paragraph 3 probably means “       ”.

A．movedB．managed
C．lovedD．used
【小題2】 According to the passage, which is the right order for the following sentences?
a. This man helped to make Starbucks a huge coffee company.
b. He went to Seattle to learn about the company and later worked for it.
c. Howard Schultz noticed Starbucks ordered lots of special coffee makers.
d. Starbucks began as a small coffee company in Seattle in the USA.
A. a-d-c -b            B. a-d-b-c            
C. d-c- b-a            D. d-c-a-b
【小題3】Why did so many Starbucks close in some countries?
A．All of the coffee tastes the same.
B．The coffee in these places was too expensive.
C．The people in these countries didn’t drink coffee.
D．There were too many coffee shops in one place.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解



True friends are hard to find. Often you thought you could believe in someone, b【小題1】later he or she may let you down (讓你失望).
A true friend is someone who will always be there for you. Through good times or b【小題2】times, they will stand by your side. They will not l【小題3】you alone when things get difficult. They will accept you i【小題4】of trying to change you. A friend will b【小題5】new and exciting things into your life and make it richer.
True friends will be honest and you can always b【小題6】in them. If you talk to someone who you believe in, you don’t have to w【小題7】about what you may say. We can enjoy this freedom only with friends.
Friendship is a two-way street. To find a true friend and keep the friendship b【小題8】you, you must do the same thing as well. Be there for your friends when they are in n【小題9】and share the good times with them. Offer them the same things they give to you.
You will find that there is nothing more valuable t【小題10】having a true friend by your side to share life with, just as someone says, “There is nothing on this earth more to be prized (珍惜) than true friendship”.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,判斷句子正誤。正確的寫“A”，不正確的寫“B”(5分)
American English and British English are very different. Sometimes this difference is so big that the two seem like different languages!
Some words in British English mean things that are different in American English. For example a “raincoat” (American English) is called a “Mackintosh” in British English. But in America, a mackintosh is a kind of computer.
Most American sayings (諺語) mean nothing to the British. For example, Americans like to say, “Wake up and smell the coffee” which means “wake up and face reality（現(xiàn)實(shí)）”. But the British think it is silly-they do not drink coffee in the morning. Instead, most of them drink tea.
Of course, the two languages are the same in many ways. To “call” someone (American English) is to “ring” somebody in Britain. The two languages borrow from each other a lot. But for foreign students learning English, there can be many problems. After all, American English and British English have, over the years, become so different. Foreign students often learn British English, come to the USA, and cannot understand any American English! So you must ask yourself—where do I want to go in the future – America or England? If it is England, you should learn British English. But if you want to study in America, try learning as much true American English as possible. Watch American movies, listen to American songs, read books written in American English, and talk with an American accent (口音) — not a British one!
【小題1】 Some American English and British English are different in meanings.
【小題2】“Mackintosh” is a kind of computer in England.
【小題3】 A lot of Englishmen like drinking coffee in the morning.
【小題4】 British English and American English borrow a lot from each other.
【小題5】 If you want to study in England, you’d better learn British English.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.
In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year at midnight on December 31st-January 1st. People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal（正式的）clothes, and the may drink champagne（香檳）at midnight. During the first minutes of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sun rise. They welcome the new wear with the first light of the sunrise.
Many cultures also do special things to get rid of（擺脫）bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh（重新）. Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.
Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year’s Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the tear. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck at New Year. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them!
【小題1】 The reading is mainly about_____.

A．the meaning of “Happy New Year!”
B．several different New Year traditions
C．what to eat on New Year’s Day
D．why people dress up nicely on New Year’s Day
【小題2】 It’s clear that_____.
A．some cultures celebrate New Year in the morning
B．the Western people celebrate New Year only on New Year’s Day
C．people in Ecuador go to parties on December 31st-January 1st
D．no cultures do special things to celebrate New Year
【小題3】In some cultures, people throw things into rivers or oceans to_____.
A．bring good luck B．keep away bad luck
C．forget everything D．plan for the next year
【小題4】To have a happy new year,_____.
A．friends talk to each other in special ways
B．families make big dolls filled with old clothes
C．some people get up early to watch the sunrise
D．Europeans eat 365 grapes on New Year’s Day
【小題5】 When eating black-eyed peas on New Year’s Day, people think_____.
A．one pea brings one day of luck
B．black-eyed peas are the best medicine
C．the peas are too black and taste bad
D．the peas are helpful to count numbers

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

May Day is the day when we celebrate the end of winter and the arrival of spring. It’s a time of new life, with new leaves on the trees and wildflowers growing in the woods and fields. On that day, children in Britain and other parts of Europe often make May baskets and hang them on a neighbor’s door as a gift of love and friendship.
Here are the steps of making this kind of basket.
Step 1  Food paper into a cone(圓錐形) and stick it to keep the shape.
Step 2  Cut top of the cone with scissors.
Step 3  Make two holes on opposite sides of the cone. Leave 5cm form the top.
Step 4  Pass ribbon(彩帶) through holes and tie it to create a basket handle.
Step 5  Fill your basket with different kinds of flowers.
根據(jù)以上制作步驟重新排列A、B、C、D四副圖片的順序，并將其編號(hào)填入小題中。

Why do children in Europe make May baskets? Because they want to ____.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Eating habits are different in many countries. The Chinese have a saying, “Eat good things for breakfast, eat a big meal for lunch, but eat less at dinner.” Many Americans agree that one should start the day with a good breakfast, but their ideas about lunch and dinner are different.
Most Americans only give themselves a short time for lunch. So they eat a small meal. After work they will have more time to eat a big dinner. Also a quiet dinner at home with all the family members talking about their day is a way to rest after a long, hard day of work.
Eating at restaurant is also different. In China, people like to talk and laugh while eating. Very often you can hear people talking and laughing loudly, and they are just having a good time. In America it is not like this. People want a quiet place where they can eat a good meal far away from the noise of the outside world. If some people are talking too loudly, the manager (經(jīng)理) may come out and ask them to leave.
【小題1】Which is the good way for keeping healthy in China?

A．Eating nothing for breakfast.
B．Eating less to lose weight.
C．Eating less at dinner.
D．Eating what you want.
【小題2】 How long do most Americans only give themselves for lunch?
A．The whole noon.B．A long time.
C．A short time.D．More time.
【小題3】Is talking at table a way to rest in America?
A．Yes, it is. B．No, it isn’t.
C．No, they don’t talk.D．Having dinner in a restaurant.
【小題4】What do people like doing when we are having a meal in China?
A．Having a rest.B．Eating quickly.
C．Only eating quietly.D．Talking and laughing.
【小題5】What will the manager of the restaurant do if some people are talking too loudly in America?
A．Talk with them happily.B．Ask them to be quiet.
C．Let them go away.D．Do nothing.

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. But there is one question that has millions of current answers. That question is "What's your name?" Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.
Have you ever wondered about people's names? Where do they come from? What do they
mean?
People's first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. Some parents choose the name of a well-known person. A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones.
Some people give their children names that mean good things. Clara means "bright"; Beatrice means "one who gives happiness"; Donald means "world ruler"; Leonard means "as brave as a lion".
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near brook (С?); someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.
Other early surnames came from people's occupations. The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. Some other occupational names are: Carter - a person who owned or drove a cart（手推車）； Potter -a person who made pots and pans.
The ancestors (祖先) of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. The Carpenter's great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray. Or the John was very tall could call himself John
Tallman. John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast
runner or a good dancer.
Some family names were made by adding something to the father's name. English-speaking people added -s or -son. The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family's ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O'Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell.
【小題1】Which of the following aspects（方面）do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?

A．Places where people lived.
B．People's characters.
C．Talents that people had.
D．People's occupations.
【小題2】 According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably _______.
A．owned or drove a cart
B．made things with metals
C．made kitchen tools or contains
D．built houses and furniture
【小題3】If an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _______.
A．Beatrice Smith
B．Leonard Carter
C．George Longstreet
D．Donald Greenwood
【小題4】 The underlined word "descendants" in the last paragraph means a person's _______.
A．后代B．朋友C．同事D．同伴

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

What opinions did experts have about movements and transportation throughout history?
Take a look.
 
 
【小題1】Which of the following experts was a science fiction writer?

A．Lord Kelvin B．Lee Deforest C．Leonardo da Vinci D．Jules, Verne
【小題2】 Leonardo da Vinci’s opinion was that _________.
A．a(chǎn)irplanes would never fly
B．no person would ever reach the moon
C．people would fly in a machine with an overhead propeller
D．people would be able to travel under water in airtight ships
【小題3】 How many experts’ opinion proved right according to the passage?
A．One B．Two C．Three D．Four

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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解

Everyone may feel it difficult to fit in with a new culture. However, you needn’t change everything about yourself, because all of your experiences are part of you and make you special. The following tips may help you live in a new culture more easily.
Teach people your culture. You’re the one who meets the new culture, but it doesn’t mean you should be the one doing all the learning. Take the opportunity to teach new friends your culture. They may know little about it. Invite them for traditional dishes from your culture, or show them how you celebrate your holidays.
Find a support group. Find people in your neighborhood who recently moved here. You can share experiences, cheer each other up when things get difficult, and introduce each other to the new friends you’ve made.
Keep in touch with home. You probably left behind your good friends and family when you move. If it’s a long time, keep in touch with them. Write letters, send emails, and make phone calls so that you can learn about the things happening there, and talk about your new experiences. Keep pictures around to remind you of home.
Remember: the key to getting over your culture shock(文化沖擊)is to understand the new culture and find a way to live comfortably within it  52  keeping your culture in your heart.
It’s important to be yourself. Do not change too fast or too many things at once. You should have your own style. So, maintain(保持)what’s important to you and find a good combination between old and new cultures, and you’ll be fine.
【小題1】The underlined phrase “fit in with”means “           ” in Chinese.

A．改變B．研究C．適應(yīng)D．產(chǎn)生
【小題2】The underlined sentence in the second paragraph means          .
A．you should meet a new culture
B．you should keep the new culture far away
C．you should teach your culture to others
D．you should learn and follow the new culture
【小題3】Which of the following words can fill in the blank of paragraph 5?
A．whatB．whyC．whileD．whether
【小題4】According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?     
A．People should teach their new friends their culture.
B．People should try to make some friends in a new place.
C．people should keep in touch with home after they leave.
D．People should give up their old culture in a new place.

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