Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out. Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy, he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class. Now, aged 79，the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka.
Like so many scientists, Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance can lead.
When he was 15 in 1948，Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject. Gurdon’s high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was “quite ridiculous”.
In spite of his teacher’s criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab early and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.
“My own belief is that we will, in the end，understand everything about how cells actually work，”Gurdon said.
In 1962, Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create Dolly the sheep in 1996，the first cloned mammal in the world.
In 2006，Gurdon’s work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person’s skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique, doctors can repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack.
“Luck favors the prepared mind，”Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. “Ninety percent of the time things don’t work, but when they do, you have to seize the chance. ”
 
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。
小題1:Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?
A．Sir John Gurdon
B．Shinya Yamanaka.
C．Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka.
D．Gurdon’s science teacher.
小題2:What does the underlined word “ridiculous” mean?
A．無知的B．無畏的
C．荒廢的D．荒謬的
小題3:According to the passage, which statement is TRUE?
A．As a boy, he was told he was hopeful.
B．He ranked first at his high school in biology.
C．It’s impossible for the doctors to repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack.
D．In spite of his teacher’s criticisms, he kept working hard.
小題4:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Ninety percent of the time things don’t work.
B．Luck favors the prepared mind.
C．Life is full of pleasure.
D．How to know cells actually work.

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:B

試題分析：這篇文章主要介紹一位諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎獲得者John Gurdon，他在小時候受盡質(zhì)疑，但是憑借著不放棄、勇往直前的精神最終獲得成功。
小題1:細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段最后一句話Now, aged 79，the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka.“79歲的Gurdon和日本干細胞研究者Shinya Yamanaka共同獲得2012年諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎。”故選C。
小題2:詞義猜測題。第三段介紹Gurdon的老師對他的質(zhì)疑和批評，認為他不可能成才。Gurdon’s high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was “quite ridiculous”.譯為“Gerdon的高中科學(xué)老師甚至說他成為一名科學(xué)家的夢想很荒謬。”故選D。
小題3:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二行As a boy, he was told he was hopeless at science and finished bottom of his class.可知A錯誤；根據(jù)第三頓第一句話When he was 15 in 1948，Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in biology and every other science subject.可知B錯誤；根據(jù)第七段最后一句話doctors can repair a patient’s heart after a heart attack.可知C錯誤；根據(jù)第四段第一句話In spite of his teacher’s criticisms, Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard.可知D正確。故選D。
小題4:主旨大意題。文章主要介紹一位諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎獲得者John Gurdon，他在小時候受盡質(zhì)疑，但是憑借著不放棄、勇往直前的精神最終獲得成功。故選B。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Once, there was a beautiful girl who didn’t like herself, because she was blind, she couldn’t see anything.
In fact, the girl loved nobody except her boyfriend, for he was always ready to help her. She used to tell her boyfriend, “If I could see the world, I would marry you.”
One day, someone donated a pair of eyes to the girl. When the bandages came off，she was able to see   everything, including her boyfriend for the first time. He asked her, “Now that you can see the world, will you   marry me?” The girl looked at her boyfriend and was greatly surprised to see that he was blind, too. She had never expected that, and she would not like to be with a blind husband for the rest of her life, so she refused to marry him.
Her boyfriend left in tears and a few days later wrote a note to her, saying, “My dear, take good care of your eyes. Before they are yours, they were mine.”
So, this is how the human brain often works when our situation changes. Only a very few remember what life was like before. And we often ask for more than we need. Life is a gift. Today, before you complain about the taste of your food，think of those who have nothing to eat. Before you complain about life，think of some ones who went to heaven too early. Before you complain about your old house, think of the people who are living in the streets. And when you are tired and complain about your job, think of those who have no jobs.
In a word, enjoy the things you have and don’t forget your past.
根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內(nèi)。
小題1: The girl liked ________ before she was able to see.
A．herselfB．nobody
C．her boyfriendD．everybody
小題2: The underlined word “bandage” mean _________.
A．眼鏡B．眼罩C．帽子D．繃帶
小題3:What did her boyfriend do when the girl refused to marry him?
A．He felt hopeless and killed himself.
B．He left in tears and wrote a note telling the girl to take care of the eyes.
C．He called the police.
D．He asked for more than he needed.
小題4: ______ donated a pair of eyes to the girl.
A．An known personB．Her father
C．Her boyfriendD．Her mother
小題5:What can we learn by reading the fifth paragraph?
A．Enjoy the things you have and don’t forget your past.
B．The girl should marry her boyfriend.
C．Before you complain about the taste of your food, think of those who have nothing to eat.
D．When you are tired and complain about your job, think of those who have no jobs.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Life is important to all of us. So we must respect our lives. When you want to run across the street to catch the bus, stop to think about it. If you do, you’ll have to pay a fine (罰款) or get hurt.
Traffic accidents killed more than 104,000 people in China last year. Chinese cities have more cars than ever. Drivers and pedestrians (行人) must work together to make the streets safer.
New traffic laws say that if people cross the street when the light is red, they can be fined as much as 50 yuan. The law has new rules for drivers and pedestrians. Drivers have to slow down when they are close to crosswalks. If people are in a crosswalk, cars must stop to let them walk.
There are rules for bus drivers, too. If bus drivers smoke, drink or make phone calls while driving, they can be fined. Buses that carry too many people are also against the law.
Pedestrians will have to walk more safely under the new law. They must cross streets at crosswalks. Also, they shouldn’t climb over the fences (柵欄) along streets.
Do you ride a bike to school? It’s not a good idea to carry classmates on the back. You could be fined 50 yuan. And stay in the bike lane (車道) when you’re riding. The big roads are for cars and buses.
Do you like to ride your uncle’s motorbike? When you put on your helmet (頭盔), ask him to put one on, too. “People on motorbikes must wear helmets”, the new law says. If they don’t, they’ll have to pay 200 yuan. When you ride in cars, don’t forget to put on your seat belt, even if you’re going for a short taxi ride. It could save your life.
If you see a hit-and-run (肇事逃逸), tell the police. They may give you a reward (獎賞).
And don’t be afraid to help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident. Don’t worry about money. The new law says that doctors must take care of them even if they can’t pay right away.
小題1:．Don’t go across the road when _______.
A．the light is greenB．the light is red
C．the bus is leavingD．traffic is busy
小題2:．What does the word “crosswalk” mean in Chinese?
A．過馬路B．人行橫道
C．立交橋D．車行道
小題3:．If you are a bus driver,  _______ while you are driving, according to (根據(jù)) the new traffic laws.
A．you can make a phone callB．you can’t talk to others
C．you can’t smokeD．you can drink
小題4:．When you ride in a car, the first thing you must do is _______.
A．to put on the helmet
B．to pay the driver
C．to put on the seat belt
D．to see if it carries too many people
小題5:．You shouldn’t  _______.
A．carry your classmate on the back when you’re riding a bike to school
B．phone the police when you see a hit-and-run
C．help people to the hospital if they are hurt in an accident
D．wear your helmet while riding a motorbike

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Monty Robert’s father was a horse trainer. As a child, Monty often went from one farm to another with his father. Sometimes they didn’t have enough money to pay for food, but Monty still kept hoping to own a horse farm.
When he was in school, his teacher asked him to write a paper about his dream. He wrote a seven-page paper. He wanted to have a horse farm one day. He even drew a picture of a horse farm in the paper.
The next day he handed it in to his teacher. Two days later, he got his paper back. On the front page was a large red “F” with the words “See me after class”. So the boy did and asked his teacher:” Why did I get an F?” The teacher said: “This dream will not come true for a young boy like you. You need a lot of money to own a horse farm. You have to buy the land. You have to pay for a lot of things. There is no way you could ever do it.” Then the teacher added: “If you write this paper
again with a simpler dream, I will give you a good grade.”
After school he thought hard about it. At last, he decided to hand in the same paper, making no changes at all. He wrote: “You can keep the F and I’ll keep my dream.”
Many years later, Monty had his own large horse farm. His dream came true.
So don’t let anyone take away your dreams. Follow your dreams, no matter what they are.
小題1:From Paragraph1, we learn that _______.
A. Monty’s family was poor
B. Monty’s father didn’t support him
C. Monty hoped to be a horse trainer
小題2:What did his teacher ask him to do when he was in school?
A. To write a seven-page paper.
B. To draw a picture about his dream.
C. To write a paper about his dream.
小題3:What was Monty’s attitude 態(tài)度 towards his paper?
A. Careless. B. Serious. C. Funny.
小題4:Monty’s teacher gave him a red “F” because he thought ______.
A. Monty’s handwriting was too bad
B. Monty copied from another student
C. Monty’s dream was too hard for him to achieve
小題5:What does the story want to tell us?
A. Follow a simple dream.
B. Never give up your dream.
C. Don’t take away others’ dreams.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There was a pilot and four people in a small plane. Suddenly there was something wrong with the machine while it was flying in the air. The smoke was everywhere in the plane. The pilot told the people there were only four parachutes(降落傘). They all became worried and started to make excuses(借口).
“I must go and mend the machine,” said the pilot, taking one of the parachutes. There was nothing he could do，so he jumped out.
The first person stood up. “I’m a doctor”, he said. “I help people live longer and I save lives.” He also took a parachute and jumped out.
The next person said, “I must have a parachute. I am a very clever person. I have to go to an important sport match. I know I’ll win the game because I’ll be the cleverest person there.” He picked up a pack and jumped out.
Two men were left---an old businessman and a young mountain climber. By this time the plane was going down fast. The businessman said, “Young man, I am old but you’re still young. You take the last parachute.” The young mountain climber smiled. “Don’t worry,” he said, “We can both jump to safety because there are still two parachutes. Just now the clever person jumped out with my back pack.”
小題1:All the people became worried because ___.
A. they couldn’t find the parachutes
B. they saw the pilot jump out first
C. something was wrong with the plane and one of them might die
小題2:The clever man jumped out with ___.
A. a parachute         
B. nothing   
C. the pack of the climber’s
小題3:All the people thought of themselves except ____.
A. the businessman      
B. the clever man   
C. the doctor      
小題4:From the story we know ___ would be dead.
A. the clever man         
B. the businessman     
C. the pilot
小題5:____ was a kind-hearted man.
A.The pilot 
B. The doctor.
C.The businessman.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

  Peter and Paul had a permission from their parents to camp in a field close to their farm. But, being adventurous boys, they knew it would be more      to camp in the woods that lay beyond the river. Excitedly, the boys went away with their tent and food.
Carrying their heavy load, the two brothers walked along the riverbank,      noticing the distance or the sun beating down. They were eager to reach their destination before lunchtime. As they entered the cool, shadowy woods, they began to search for a suitable camping spot. Peter wanted to      close to the river at the edge of the woods, but Paul, who was older, insisted that they camp further away.      Peter followed his brother deeper into the woods. “This really is a wonderful setting!” said Paul in excitement. They      the tent, and settled down to eat the sandwiches they had made, then decided to find their way      to the river to catch some fish.
“Are you sure that this is the right way  ?” whispered Peter shakily. “I’m sure we passed that hollow tree just a while ago. ” Paul walked         silently. “Look, there it is again. We’re lost, aren’t we?” complained Peter. Paul had to admit that he didn’t know where they were.       , they were a long distance from where they were supposed to be. They were not even sure of where they had set up their camp. They set in         for a few minutes until Peter had a bright idea. “Why don’t we look for clues（線索） the way trackers do in the movies? We weren’t careful about how we walked, so I’m sure we would have left behindsome broken tree branches and leaves. ”
Carefully, the boys followed the marks that they had left, until finally they found their campsite. Hurriedly, they packed their belongings and set off       the direction of the river.
What would their parents think of their adventure?
小題1:
A．surprising B．excitingC．a(chǎn)nnoyingD．frightening
小題2:
A．hardlyB．quicklyC．really D．properly
小題3:
A．liveB．lie C．waitD．stay
小題4:
A．unfriendlyB．unluckilyC．unwillinglyD．uninterestingly
小題5:
A．put off B．put onC．put downD．put up
小題6:
A．forwardB．nearC．backD．further
小題7:
A．a(chǎn)loneB．a(chǎn)boutC．inD．on
小題8:
A．Afterall B．AtlastC．AboveallD．Atfirst
小題9:
A．enjoymentB．satisfactionC．disappointmentD．imagination
小題10:
A．forB．toC．a(chǎn)tD．in

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A friend of mine named Paul received a car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a boy was walking around the shining car. "Is this your car, Paul?" he asked.
Paul answered, "Yes, my brother gave it to me for Christmas." The boy was surprised. "You mean your brother gave it to you and it cost you nothing? Boy, I wish..."He hesitated.
Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the boy said surprised Paul greatly.
"I wish," the boy went on, "that I could be a brother like that." Paul looked at the boy in surprise. and then he said again, "Would you like to take a ride in my car?"
"Oh yes, I'd love to."
After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, "Paul, would you mind driving in front of my house?"
Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Paul was wrong again. "Will you stop where those two steps are?" the boy asked.
He ran up to the steps. Then in a short while Paul heard him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled (殘疾) brother. He sat him down on the step and pointed to the car.
"There he is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didn't cost him a cent. And someday I'm going to give you one just like that…then you can see for yourself all the nice things in the Christmas window that I've been trying to tell you about."
Paul got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began an unforgettable holiday ride.
小題1:The boy was very surprised when _______.
A．Paul received an expensive carB．Paul told him about the car
C．he saw the shining carD．he was walking around the car
小題2:From the story we can see the boy _______.
A．wished to give his brother a car
B．wanted Paul's brother to give him a car
C．wished he could have a brother like Paul's
D．wished Paul could be a brother like that
小題3:We can infer (推斷) from the story that _______.
A．Paul couldn't understand the boy
B．the boy had a deep love for his brother
C．the boy wished to have a rich brother
D．the boy's wish came true in the end
小題4:The best title(標題) of the story is    .
A．A Christmas PresentB．A Boy
C．A Brother Like ThatD．An Unforgettable Holiday Ride

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is John’s birthday today. He is five years old. He gets many birthday presents from his family and one of them is a nice big drum .
“Who gives him that drum?” his father asks.
“His grandfather,” answers John’s mother.
John likes his drum very much. He makes a terrible noise  with it, but his  mother doesn’t say anything about it. His father is not at home. He is working in a school. So he  doesn’t hear  the noise. But one of the neighbors does not like the noise. So one morning she takes a knife and goes into John’s room. John is making a noise with the drum. She says to him, “Hello, John. Do you know there is something very nice in your drum? Here’s a knife. Open the drum and you can  find it.” “OK.”
小題1:How old is John?
A．5B．4C．15D．2
小題2:Who gives John the drum as his birthday present?
A．His father.B．His neighbour.
C．His mother.D．His grandfather
小題3:What present is John’s favourite?
A．The candy.B．The present.
C．The drum.D．The knife
小題4:What’s John’s father’s job?
A．A doctor.B．A worker.
C．A teacher.D．A engineer
小題5:Who opens the drum with the knife?
A．John’s father.B．John’s neighbour.
C．John’s mother. D．John

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

The passengers（乘客） on the bus watched with sympathy（同情） as Susan got on the bus carefully. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to        he seats, seated in one of them.It had been a year since Susan became blind. She was suddenly thrown into a world of     
because of an accident. Susan's husband decided to try his best to help his wife.
Finally, Susan felt ready to     to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too      to get around the city by herself. Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening     she could manage（對付） it by herself.
For two weeks, Mark accompanied（陪伴）Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on（依靠） her other      , especially her hearing, to make sure where she was. At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip     . Monday morning arrived. She said good-bye to his husband, and for the first time, they went their separate（單獨的）ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wild excitement took hold of Susan. She was doing it!
On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work       . As she was getting off the bus, the driver Said, “Miss, I sure envy you.” Curious, Susan asked the driver      .
‘You know, every morning for the       week, a fine-looking gentleman in uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely,’ the bus driver said.
Tears of happiness poured down Susan' s cheeks.
小題1:
A．touchB．catchC．takeD．feel
小題2:
A．weaknessB．sicknessC．darknessD．sadness
小題3:
A．returnB．usedC．replyD．go
小題4:
A．tiredB．surprisedC．excitedD．frightened
小題5:
A．whenB．a(chǎn)sC．untilD．a(chǎn)fter
小題6:
A．feelingsB．placesC．skillsD．senses
小題7:
A．on her ownB．with himC．of herD．on foot
小題8:
A．a(chǎn)s usualB．the same asC．a(chǎn)s wellD．a(chǎn)s we know
小題9:
A．whatB．howC．whyD．who
小題10:
A．firstB．pastC．sameD．next

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案