As many as 10 of the 17 kinds of penguins（企鵝）may be in danger of disappearing. The number of penguins have decreased(減少) by 30% since 1987.

　　Penguins are black and white birds that live in the southern part of the world. They are common in South America，New Zealand，Australia and South Africa. Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).

　　The warming of the earth is the decrease in penguin populations. The heating of the air has caused ocean waters to become warmer. Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce(繁殖).　 Besides，many adult penguins die of hunger.

　　Widespread(廣泛的) fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks(漏) also make penguins be in danger. Poisonous organisms(生物) in ocean water are another danger. Penguins also have their enemies，including wild dogs，sharks，seals and sea lions.

　　News about penguins is not all bad，however. Several years ago，oil leaking from a ship hurt 40% of the penguins in South Africa. The penguins became covered with oil. But thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.

1.Penguins ___________.

A．can swim better than fly                  B．can be found near Oceania (大洋洲)

C．eat fish only冬臘月                     D．live only in cold waters.

2.Which of the following is NOT the cause of penguin's decrease in numbers?

A．Oil searching.                          B．Widespread fishing.

C．Human's killing.                         D．Warming of the oceans.

3. Why are the penguins in South Africa reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking?

A．Because people removed the ship.

B．Because people sent a lot of penguins to the wild.

C．Because people helped the penguins.

D．Because people treated the penguins well.

 

【答案】

1.C

2.A

3.D

【解析】

試題分析：這篇文章講述了現(xiàn)在有很多的企鵝處于絕跡的危險中，自從1987年企鵝的數(shù)量已經(jīng)減少了30%。

1.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段Many live near cold waters. But some live near warm waters in Galapagos Islands. Penguins cannot fly，but they are fine swimmers. Penguins eat fish and krill(磷蝦).許多企鵝生活在冷水附近，但是也有一些生活在加巴格拉群島的溫暖的水域，它們不能飛，但是游泳非常好，它們吃魚和磷蝦。故選C

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題，根據(jù)文章第三段第四段Higher water temperatures have reduced the supply of fish and krill. Some years later these birds are completely unable to reproduce. Widespread fishing，exploration for oil and oil leaks also make penguins be in danger.　可知，海水的升溫，人們的濫捕殺戮，石油勘測和石油泄漏是造成企鵝數(shù)量減少的原因�？芍�，B,C,D正確。故選A

3.根據(jù)文章最后一段thousands of people helped clean and treat the birds well. Then they returned the penguins to the wild.　 Now these South African penguins are reproducing in higher numbers than before the oil leaking.成千上萬的人們幫助清理和非常好地治療企鵝，然后把它們送回大自然�，F(xiàn)在南美企鵝的數(shù)量比起石油泄漏之前已經(jīng)上升到了更高的數(shù)量。故選D

考點(diǎn)：科普類說明文

點(diǎn)評：對于科普類文章，初中的文章并不會出現(xiàn)太多的生詞，學(xué)生在解答時首先可以對整個文章花兩分鐘時間進(jìn)行閱讀，理解作者大概講什么，然后結(jié)合選項(xiàng)中的答案，可以通過相應(yīng)題目與原文進(jìn)行比較，結(jié)合排除法就可以很快得出結(jié)果。

 

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