詞語填空(共10小題,計10分)
“Logic is the science of thinking.” I said, clearing my throat.“Before we think 1. , we must learn to tell the common fallacies(謬誤) of logic. These we will take up tonight.”“Wow!” she cried, clapping her hands happily.I went bravely on. “First let us examine the fallacy of Unqualified Generalization(絕對判斷).Foe example, Exercise is good, 2. everybody should exercise.”“I agree,” said Polly seriously. “I mean exercise is wonderful. I mean it 3. the body and everything.”“Polly,” I said gently, “it is a fallacy. Exercise is good is an Unqualified Generalization. For example, 4. you have heart disease, exercise is bad, not good. Many people are ordered by 5. doctors not to exercise. You must say exercise is 6. good, or exercise is good for most people. If not, you have made the fallacy of Unqualified Generalization.”“ 7. we take up a fallacy called Hasty Generalization(草率結論).Listen carefully. You can’t speak French. I can’t speak French. Peter can’t speak French. I must therefore conclude that 8. at this school can speak French.”“Really?” said Polly, surprised.“Polly,” I said calmly,” it’s a fallacy. The conclusion 9. too hurriedly. There are too few 10. to support such a conclusion.”,
1.correctly
2.so
3.builds
4.if
5.their
6.usually
7.Next
8.nobody
9.reached
10.examples
【解析】
試題分析:這篇文章講的是邏輯是思維的科學理論。文章通過幾個實例:1.運動是好的,所以
人人都要運動。但是如果有心臟病,就不適合運動。2.你不會說法語。我不會說法語。彼得不會講法語。我必須說,沒人在這所學?梢哉f法語。這個觀點是片面的。這兩個都是不科學的說法通過這兩個實例說明要從實際出發(fā)。仔細閱讀短文,按要求填空。
1.邏輯是思維的科學!蔽艺f,在清嗓子。”我們正確思考之前,我們必須先說一下荒謬邏輯。在這里coreect是用來修飾動詞think的,所以用副詞correctly。
2.例如,運動是好的,.所以人人都要運動。這是遞進關系的兩個句子,所以填寫連詞so。
3.我的意思是運動構建身體和所有的一切。這里構建我們用動詞built,主語是it,第三人稱單數(shù),故填寫builts。
4.例如,如果你有心臟病,運動是不好的。這是個假設,我們用的是表示假設的連詞if。
5.許多人被他們的醫(yī)生命令不運動。由于有心臟病,醫(yī)生會禁止這些病人運動的,這里填寫病人的醫(yī)生,用代詞their。
6.你必須說運動通常是好的,或運動對大多數(shù)人來說是好的。這是在敘述一個事實,通常情況下運動是有好處的。我們用副詞usually。
7.我們介紹了一個謬論叫做以偏概全。上面說了一種情況,該下一個了,用副詞next。
8.你不會說法語。我不會說法語。彼得不會講法語。因此我總結沒人在這所學?梢哉f法語。因為是以偏概全,所以,你不會,我不會,總結沒人會。故填寫nobody。
9.結論是來的太匆匆。由于這個理論是以偏概全的,所以說結論來的太匆忙,草率.。到來我們用動詞reached。
10.很少的例子支持這樣的結論。一個理論要成為真理是需要很多事例支持的。所以填寫examples。
考點:科普類閱讀短文。
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