One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (適應(yīng)能力) was Charles Darwin (達(dá)爾文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasn't the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing (觀察) nature more than attending medical classes and dropped out(輟學(xué)) without graduating.
Next, Charles' father sent him to school to become a minister (牧師). This time he made it to graduation. But he didn't want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.
After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist. He wasn't the first choice, but he was the lucky one to go. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. The crew's task was to make maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831 Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring (后代). Darwin’s ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things.
小題1:Darwin was very interested in _____.
A．a(chǎn)ttending medical classesB．the work of a minister
C．sailing around the worldD．science
小題2:The Beagle was a(an) _____.
A．shipB．planeC．plantD．a(chǎn)nimal
小題3:When Darwin published the scientific paper, he was _____ years old.
A．twenty-threeB．twenty-twoC．forty-fiveD．fifty
小題4:The underlined word "they" in the last paragraph refers to (指的是) _____.
A．a(chǎn)daptationsB．Darwin and Wallace
C．a(chǎn)nimalsD．Darwin's ideas
小題5:Which of the following is true?
A．Darwin graduated from a medical school.
B．Some animals have adaptations so that they can survive.
C．Darwin published a scientific paper by himself.
D．Darwin was first chosen to sail on the Beagle.

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:B

試題分析：本文敘述了達(dá)爾文在上學(xué)時(shí)因?yàn)閷?duì)父親安排的學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣，自己在朋友的鼓勵(lì)下，開始研究科學(xué)，進(jìn)行了5年的一次航行，看到許多了不同種類的動(dòng)植物，并把它們帶回到英國(guó)進(jìn)行研究，45歲的時(shí)候發(fā)表了論文。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science. 達(dá)爾文對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣，故選D。
小題2:推理判斷題。根據(jù)After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist.可知Beagle 應(yīng)該是一個(gè)船的名字，故選A。
小題3:數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)On December 27th, 1831 Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. 因?yàn)檫_(dá)爾文出生在1809，1831年他22歲的時(shí)候開始航行，23年后他45歲發(fā)表論文，故選C。
小題4:詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive.可知指的是動(dòng)物的適應(yīng)能力，故選A。
小題5:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive 一些動(dòng)物有適應(yīng)能力來(lái)維持生存，故選B。
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Molly was eight years old. This year she spent the summer with her Aunt Cathy. Her parents took a six-week trip to Europe and let Molly stay at her aunt’s house. She was very unhappy, because she couldn’t spend the summer with her friends at the neighborhood pool like she did every summer.
Molly’s Aunt Cathy did everything to make her happy. She took Molly to the park, the zoo, and even took her shopping, but nothing made Molly happy.
One afternoon, Aunt Cathy was working in her garden. She found that Molly was watching her. “Come and help me, Molly,” Aunt Cathy said. Molly slowly walked out to the garden and began looking closely at the flowers.
“What kind are these?” Molly asked. She pointed (指) to some small yellow flowers.
“Those are called snapdragons (金魚草),” Aunt Cathy answered. “Do you want to grow some flowers?”
“Yes,” Molly said.

When Molly’s parents got back from their trip, she showed them her flowers. Aunt Cathy told Molly how to look after her flowers when she got home. Molly thanked her for the best summer.
根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容判斷正（T）誤（F）。
小題1:Last summer, Molly went swimming with her friends at the neighborhood pool.
小題2:Shopping made Molly happy.
小題3:Molly grew some flowers in Aunt Cathy’s garden.
小題4:Molly watered the garden twice a week.
小題5:Molly didn’t enjoy the summer with Aunt Cathy.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Sudha Chandran, a classical dancer from India, had to have her right leg cut after a car accident. She was also cut off on her career（事業(yè)）road.
Though the accident brought her bright career to a _____, she didn’t give up. In the __ months that followed, Sudha met a doctor___ developed an artificial (人造的) feet made from rubber filled with sponge (海綿). So ______ she wanted to go back to dancing after she had been fitted with an artificial leg. Sudha knew that she believed in herself .___ __,she could realize her dream, so she began her courageous journey back to the world of ____— learning to balance, bend, stretch, walk, turn, twist and twirl.
After every public recital (個(gè)人表演), she might ask her dad about her performance. “You  ____ have a long way to go” was the answer she used to get in return . In January 1984, Sudha made a historic comeback by giving a public recital in Bombay. She performed in such a great manner that it  __ everyone to tears and this ______ pushed her to the number one position again. That evening when she asked her __ the same question, he didn’t say anything. He just touched her _____ as a praise.
Sudha’s comeback was _____moving that a film producer decided to make the story into a hit film.It has moved more and more people.
When someone asked Sudha how she had managed to dance again, she said quite ______, “__ DON’T NEED FEET TO DANCE.”  is impossible in this world. If you have the will to win, you can achieve anything.
小題1:
A．topB．startC．endD．stop
小題2:
A．unforgettableB．painfulC．enjoyableD．peaceful
小題3:
A．WhoB．WhichC．WhomD．Where
小題4:
A．StronglyB．SadlyC．in surpriseD．in excitement
小題5:
A．AlsoB．HoweverC．LuckilyD．Instead
小題6:
A．runningB．walkingC．dancingD．singing
小題7:
A．yetB．everC．a(chǎn)lsoD．still
小題8:
A．madeB．movedC．letD．had
小題9:
A．storyB．performanceC．decisionD．a(chǎn)ccident
小題10:
A．doctorB．friendC．motherD．father
小題11:
A．handB．feetC．a(chǎn)rmD．head
小題12:
A．suchB．tooC．veryD．so
小題13:
A．slowlyB．politelyC．simplyD．happily c
小題14:
A．YOUB． HEC．SHED．THEY
小題15:
A．NothingB．AnythingC．SomethingD．Everything

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

We spent a day in the country and picked a lot of flowers. Our car was      of flowers inside!       the way home we had to stop at traffic lights, and there my wife saw the bookshelf.
It stood outside a furniture（家具）shop. “Buy it,” she said at once. “We’ll carry it home on the roof-rack（車頂架）. I’ve always wanted        like that.”
What could I do? Ten minutes         I was twenty dollars poorer, and the bookshelf was tied on to the roof-rack. It was tall and narrow, quite heavy       .
As it was        darker, I drove slowly. Other drivers seemed more polite than usual that evening. The police even stopped traffic to let        through. Carrying furniture was a good idea.
After a time my wife said, “There         a long line of cars behind. Why don’t they overtake（超車）?”
Just at that time a police car did overtake. The two police officers looked at us seriously when they went past.       then, with         kind smile they asked us to follow their car through the busy        . The police car stopped at our village church. One of the officers came to me.
“Right, sir,” he said. “Do you need any more help now?”
I didn’t quite understand. “Thanks, officer,” I said. “You’ve         very kind. I live just down the road.”
He was looking at our things: first at the flowers,         at the bookshelf. “Well, well,” he said and laughed. “It’s a bookshelf you’ve got there! We thought it was      else.”
My wife began to laugh. Suddenly I understood        the police drove here. I smiled at the officer. “Yes, it’s a bookshelf, but thanks again.” I drove home as fast as I could.”
小題1:
A．fillB．fullC．fulledD．filles
小題2:
A．InB．AtC．OnD．With
小題3:
A．itB．thatC．oneD．this
小題4:
A．a(chǎn)fterB．inC．lateD．later
小題5:
A．tooB．a(chǎn)lsoC．eitherD．neither
小題6:
A．gettingB．goingC．comingD．driving
小題7:
A．weB．usC．ourD．ours
小題8:
A．beB．beingC．a(chǎn)reD．is
小題9:
A．ButB．BecauseC．SoD．Although
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)nB．theC．a(chǎn)D．/
小題11:
A．carsB．trafficsC．busesD．traffic
小題12:
A．isB．a(chǎn)reC．beD．been
小題13:
A．thanB．thenC．secondD．third
小題14:
A．a(chǎn)nythingB．everythingC．somethingD．someone
小題15:
A．whyB．becauseC．whenD．where

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Tom and Mike were good friends. Sometimes they were kind to each other, and sometimes they were not. But all of their classmates said they were like brothers.
One day they went out for a walk together. At noon they were very hungry and they went into a restaurant to have lunch. The waiter came up to them and asked, “What can I do for you?”
“Please bring us two apples first.” said Tom.
When the waiter put two apples on the table, Mike took the bigger one at once. Tom got very angry.
“You are impolite, Mike. Why don’t you take the smaller one?” Tom said.
“But I am right.” Said Mike with a smile, “If I let you take first, which one will you choose?” “Of course I’ll take the smaller one.” Said Tom.
“Yes.” Mike said, “If you take the smaller one, the bigger one will still be mine,. Don’t you think so?” “Oh!” Tom couldn’t answer.
小題1:Tom and Mike were__________.
A. kind to each other all the time 
B. sometimes kind to each other
C. friends of different schools
小題2:Mike only thought about ______when they were having lunch.
A. himself             B. Tom             C. his friends
小題3:The waiter gave them_________.
A. two apples          B. two eggs        C. two oranges
小題4:Tom took the ______ apple.
A. better                  B. bigger          C. smaller
小題5:Who took the apple first?
A. Mike                B. Tom             C. Both Tom and Mike

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Mary, a 22-year-old young woman, stands in the kitchen of the Edsa Shangri-La Hotel inManila, preparing a cake. It would seem to be         for a cook, but Mary is not normal. She has no hands.
Her disability (殘疾), however, only slows her down while working. Using other parts of her body, Mary can cut grapes and strawberries into pieces. “When I first saw Mary, I was worried she might hurt herself when using a knife, but that has never been a        ,” says the boss of the hotel. “She does not get special treatment and works just as hard as the rest of the cooks.”
Mary has come a long way since the day in September 2002 when she and her uncle were attacked by two men, who were trying to force her family off their land. The 11-year-old girl passed out (暈倒) as she tried to          herself from the attack. After she came to her sense, she found her uncle dead and saw her arms broken. Later, the doctors did an operation. They saved her life but could not save her hands.
In 2006, with the help of the family, Mary went to live at the House with No Steps, a Manila rehabilitation (康復(fù)) and training centre for disabled people. She learned how to write and do housework there. And more        , she became used to her disability. She believed she could live a normal life although she was disabled. She thought she had something important to do in life because she was          alive after the terrible attack. After she finished high school, she took a two-year Hotel and Restaurant Management course because she had enjoyed cooking since she was a little girl.
Mary didn’t shy away from the attention when she was reported on television. “I wanted others living with disabilities to believe it’s          to live a normal life,” Mary says. “It is difficult to make a living, but I don’t lose hope. I believe nothing is impossible if you dream and work hard.
小題1:
A．a(chǎn)ttractiveB．naturalC．necessaryD．important
小題2:
A．momentB．wayC．problemD．topic
小題3:
A．saveB．keepC．preventD．protect
小題4:
A．strangelyB．importantlyC．suddenlyD．politely
小題5:
A．yetB．a(chǎn)lreadyC．just D．still
小題6:
A．possibleB．excellentC．simpleD．exciting

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sally came to China last year. She is now living in Beijing and works in a computer company. She has been in the company for six months. The company is in the north of the city, and her flat is in the south. But Sally has never been late for work.
Sally is very popular in the company. She is kind to everybody and gets on well with her workmates. They often visit each other after work and talk about almost everything.
However, Sally has made a decision to leave the company. She is going to find a job as a tour guide. “If I work as a tour guide, I’ll be able to meet more people and learn more about China,” she told her friends.
Last Friday Sally had a talk with the manager of a travel agency. He seemed pleased with her Chinese. At the end of the talk, the manager said, “I’ll call you up in a week and tell you the result.” Now Sally is waiting for the answer.
小題1:Sally has been in the company for _________.
A．half a yearB．a(chǎn) yearC．three monthsD．two years
小題2:Sally is ________ for work.
A．never on timeB．a(chǎn)lways lateC．a(chǎn)lways on timeD．sometimes late
小題3:Almost ________ in the company knows Sally.
A．nobodyB．somebodyC．a(chǎn)nybodyD．everybody
小題4:Sally wants to work in a ________ because she wants to know more about China.
A．middle schoolB．travel agencyC．post office D．police station
小題5:Sally’s ________ is good, so the manager will probably give her a chance.
A．ChineseB．mathC．JapaneseD．Physics

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sarah is a keen walker. She lives in a big city. When she goes on holiday she likes to walk in the hills. She is looking for new places to go.
Jane is keen on music. She also likes reading about the personal life of famous people to find out what they are really like.
Peter is going to France next week on business. And he has a free weekend so he plans to spend it in Paris. He would like to find out what is happening there for fun and entertainment.
Mary likes clothes but hasn’t got much money so she is looking for ways of dressing smartly without spending too much.
Paul likes singing. He is also interested in history and likes reading about famous explorers from the past.
小題1:Who likes walking?
A．Sarah.B．Jane.C．Peter.D．Mary.
小題2:Why is Peter going to Paris?
A．On business.B．For fun.C．To find a job.D．To go shopping.
小題3:What does Paul like?
A．He likes clothes.B．He likes music.
C．He likes exploring.D．He likes reading.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

A young man was getting ready to graduate（畢業(yè)）from college. For many months he had admired（欣賞，羨慕） a beautiful sports car in a seller's showroom, and knowing his father could      it, he told him that was all he wanted.
On the morning of his graduation day his father called him into his own study and told him how     he was to have such a fine son. He handed his son a beautiful gift box.    but slightly（輕微地） disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely book.     ,he raised his voice at his father and said, "With all your money you only give me a book?" Then he rushed out of the house,     the book in the study.
He didn't contact（聯(lián)系） his father for a whole year    one day he saw an old man who looked like his father in the street. He realized he had to go back home and see his father.
When he arrived at his father's house, he was told his father had been in hospital for a week. When he was going to      the hospital, he saw the new book still on the desk, just as he had left it one    before. He opened it and began to turn the pages. Suddenly, a car key _____ from an envelope(信封) behind the book. It had a tag（標(biāo)簽）.On the tag was the     of his graduation, and the words PAID IN FULL.
小題1:
A．sellB．a(chǎn)ffordC．keepD．like
小題2:
A．comfortableB．encouragedC．proudD．moved
小題3:
A．CarefulB．SeriousC．NervousD．Curious（好奇的）
小題4:
A．AngrilyB．HappilyC．CalmlyD．Quietly
小題5:
A．puttingB．takingC．leavingD．forgetting
小題6:
A．untilB．a(chǎn)sC．beforeD．unless
小題7:
A．get toB．leave forC．turn toD．a(chǎn)rrive
小題8:
A．yearB．monthC．weekD．day
小題9:
A．lostB．cameC．a(chǎn)ppearedD．dropped
小題10:
A．metB．placeC．dateD．picture

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案