閱讀理解

　　The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809．His family lived not far from the River Severn, England．

　　Charles’ father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist．Charles’ father hoped that his son would also become a doctor．

　　As a boy Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests．He watched nature and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books．He also liked collecting very much．He collected many things： eggs, stones, and leaves．His father did not like this, as Charles was not studying very well at school．

　　①為了成為一名醫(yī)生，十六歲時達爾文就被送到愛丁堡大學(Edinburgh University)學習。But he was interested in the history of nature．

　　Then he studied at Cambridge University until 1831．

　　Some time later, he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist．His professor advised him to go．He said the trip would be just for Darwin．So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it．The research lasted almost five years．The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America．It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific．Darwin saw many new plants and animals．He collected all kinds of plants, which he sent home from the places he visited．

　　When he returned home, Darwin was warmly greeted by his families and many friends．

　　In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of the changes in nature．②Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change．

　　By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species．It made a great hit in the world of science．③He was opposed (反對) by the church and even by some scientists．But later, more and more scientists agreed with him．

　　Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882．

◆請根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。

1．Why didn't Charles become a doctor?

________________

2．When did Charles start the research with the Beagle?

________________

◆根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下列各題。

3．請將①處劃線句子翻譯成英語。

________________

4．請將②處劃線句子翻譯成漢語。

________________

5．請改寫③處劃線句子， 使其意思與原句一致(每空一詞)。

The church and even some scientists ________________ him．

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