科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
English surnames have an interesting history. In early times people had just one name that they were given at birth. It might have been John or Hilda,for example. One name was quite enough. If someone mentioned Hilda or John,everyone knew who was meant because there would be only one Hilda or one John in a tiny village. But as time went on,small villages grew into towns. Then there might be five or six Johns and five or six Hildas all living in the same place. How were people to know which John or which Hilda was meant then?
One way of getting over the difficulty was by adding the name of the work the person did. Thus the man who was a cook might be called John the Cook. The man who weaved clothes might be called John the Weaver. Second names or,surnames as we now call them,had come into being. At that time these surnames were given to a man's children. So John Weaver's children would,perhaps,be called Hilda Weaver and Charles Weaver. And this is how we still use surnames today.
Another way of telling one person from another with the same name was by adding the place where they lived. Thus the two men in the same village,both with the name of Tom,might be known as Tom by the Wood and Tom in the Field. This would give rise to such surnames as Wood,Field,Street,Tree,Pond,Lake,Forest,etc.
The origin of many surnames is easy to find. But how others started is difficult to know. Only scholars who have studied the history of words can tell the origin of the more difficult ones,and even then they can't always be sure.
50. In early times English people.
A. had only one name given at birth
B. had two names： John and Hilda
C. had two given names at birth
D. had no name at birth
51. People use Wood as their surnames because.
A. they lived near a place where many trees grew
B. they were farmers
C. they lived in a village
D. it was a common thing
52. The passage mainly tells us about .
A. how some English names started
B. why so many people were named John and Smith
C. the history of the English words
D. the history of the English people
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
26. Remember to spend some time your loved ones,because they’re not going to be around forever.
A. from B. with C. in D. on
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
22. —Would you like some ?
—Oh,yes,just a little.
A. milk B. apples C. pears D. oranges
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
X.補全對話(共10小題，計10分)
(A) 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，將方框內(nèi)符合對話情境的句子 寫在對話空白處，使對話恢復(fù)完整。選項中有兩項是爸
余的。
A： Hi,Jim!Come in,please.
B： Hi! 76.
A: I'm looking for information about Hainan on the Internet I'm going to Hainan for my holiday.
B: Aren’t you lucky! 77.
A： No,but my mother has been there twice. She told me ther were many places of interest there.
B： 78.
A： Pm leaving at 9 a. m. on Friday July 27.
B： 79.
A： By plane.
B: Have you ever flown in a plane?
A. No,never.
B： 80.
A： Really? I canH wait for it.
What are you going to do?
Have you ever been there before?
How will you go there?
You must be excited when you fly in a plane.
When are you leaving?
You may be worried about it.
What are you doing?
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
25. Now,class. Please take out your,and something important.
A. notebook;should be written down
B. notebooks;should be written down
C. a notebook;should write down
D. the notebooks;should write down
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
Sixty years after humans first conquered Mount Qomolangma,known as Mount Everest in the West,the rubbish and human waste left by climbers is turning the world's highest peak into the "world's highest junkyard” .
Every year,more than 700 climbers and guides spend nearly two months on Mount Qomolangma's slopes each climbing season. They have left tons of rubbish including oxygen bottles,broken tents,ladders and wrappers,according to Ang Tshering Sherpa,chief of the Nepal Mountaineering Association.
What's worse is that the human waste they’ve left because of the lack (缺乏) of toilets on the mountain. M Climbers usually dig holes in the snow and leave the human waste there,1' Sherpa said. "When washed down by glaciers (when the snow melts) , the human waste comes out in the open." The waste has been " piling up" for years around climbing camps,giving off an " unpleasant smell" . It has also become a health threat to people in the area since they depend on water from rivers fed by the melting glaciers,Sherpa said.
Since 2008,Nepal has supported Eco Everest expeditions to clean the mountain each year. So far the cleaners have brought down 15 ,000 kg of trash,but they don't know how much is still left behind. Nepal has not yet come up with a plan to deal with the human waste. In 2014 the government made new rules,asking each climber to bring down 8 kg of trash — the amount a climber is expected to throw away along the route.
On the Chinese side of the mountain,the local government of Tibet is hoping to collect cleaning fees from climbers starting from this year. Chinese environmentalists have also been clearing up the mountain every year with a program called " Mount Qomolangma Action at the Third Pole of the Earth" since 2004. mf 11. What did climbers leave to turn Mount Qomolangma into the ” world's highest junkyard” ？
They left on Mount Qomolangma.
72. How long is Mount Qomolangma's climbing season?
For .
73. Why do climbers dig holes in the snow and leave the human waste there?
Because there aren’t on the mountain.
74. What does the underlined sentence M a health threat to people” here mean?
It means the rivers that people depend on already.
75. How many countries are trying hard to keep the peak clean according to the passage?
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：
The officer found that none of his soldiers were in the camping ground. One finally ran up,panting heavily.
"Sorry,sir!I can explain. You see I had a date and it ran a little late. I ran to the bus but missed it. I hailed a cab but it broke down,found a farm,bought a horse but it dropped dead,ran 10 miles,and now I'm here.
"The officer was very skeptical about this explanation but at least he was here so he let the soldier go. Moments later,eight more soldiers came up to the officer panting;he asked them why they were late. sorry,sir!I had a date and it ran a little late. I ran to the bus but missed it. I hailed a cab but it broke down,found a farm,bought a horse but it dropped dead,ran 10 miles,and now I'm here,n ’
The officer eyed them,feeling very skeptical but since he let the first guy go,he let them go,too. A ninth soldier,jogged up to the officer,painting heavily.
"Sorry,sir!I had a date and it ran a little late. I ran to the bus but missed it. I hailed a cab but. . . "
"Let me guess," the officer interrupted. M It broke down."
"No," said the soldier, "there were so many dead horses on the road,it took forever to get around them."
46. How many soldiers are there in the passage?
A. Eight. B. Nine. C. Ten. D. Zero.
47. The soldiers .
A. weren’t in their camp when their officer looked for them
B. each bought a dead horse
C. had the same excuse
D. ran so fast that they panted heavily
48. The officer.A. believed what the soldiers said
B. didn't really believe the soldiers words
C. was very happy
D. thought the first soldier was honest
49. What does the underlined word " skeptical" mean in the passage?
A. 欣喜的 B. 生氣的 C. 滿意的 D. 懷疑的
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