Have you ever been in a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your mind was a million miles away? You probably felt sorry and decided to pay attention and never have daydreaming again. Most of us have been told from earliest school days that daydreaming is a waste of time.
L. Giambra, a psychologist（心理學(xué)家）, says,” On the contrary , daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t do all the thinking that it has to do during a normal day. You can’t possibly do all your thinking with a conscious （神志清醒的）mind. Instead, your unconscious mind is working out problems all the time. Daydreaming may be one way that the unconscious and conscious states （狀態(tài)）of mind have silent conversations .”
Early psychologists paid no attention to the importance of daydreams or even thought they were harmful. At one time people thought that some psychological illness caused day dreaming. They did not have a better understanding of daydreams until the late 1980s. Eric Klinges, a professor, is the writer of the book Daydreaming. Klinges says, “We know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures. Daydreams really are a window on the things that we fear and the things we long for (渴望) in life.”
Daydreams are usually very simple and direct（直接）, quite unlike sleep dreams. Sleep dreams may be hard to understand. It’s easier to get a deep understanding of your life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine (分析)your sleep dreams carefully. Daydreams help you know the difficult situations（情況）in your life and found out a possible way of dealing with them.
Daydreams cannot be predicted（預(yù)言）: they move off in unexpected directions which may be creative and full of useful ideas. For many famous artists and scientists, daydreams were and are a main source of creative energy.
小題1:The passage is mainly about _______ .
A．winter sleepsB．sleep dreamsC．daydreamingD．predictions
小題2:The underlined phrase On the contrary  means _________ .
A．總之B．相反C．畢竟D．因此
小題3:The writer of this passage thinks daydreams are__________.
A．hard to understandB．important and helpful
C．harmful and unimportantD．the same as sleep dreams
小題4:Psychologists now believe that ________.
A．daydreams are usually very simple and can be predicted
B．daydreams are usually difficult to understand
C．daydreams cause some psychological illness
D．daydreams may be creative and full of useful ideas
小題5:The writer quoted  (引用 )L. Giambra  and Eric Klinges  to ________.
A．list out two different ideas
B．point out the wrong ideas of early experts
C．support his own ideas
D．report the latest research on daydreams

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:B
小題4:D
小題5:C

小題1:理解歸納題，通讀全文語句理解歸納可知。
小題2:詞義理解推斷題，根據(jù)文中語句“Most of us have been told from earliest school days that daydreaming is a waste of time.和daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t do all the thinking that it has to do during a normal day.”理解可知。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語句“daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t do all the thinking that it has to do during a normal day. You can’t possibly do all your thinking with a conscious （神志清醒的）mind.”理解可知。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語句“We know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures. Daydreams really are a window on the things that we fear and the things we long for (渴望) in life.”
”理解可知。
小題5:理解歸納題，根據(jù)文中語句理解可知。
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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小題1:American black bears may have ___________ colours according to the passage.
A．fourB．fiveC．sixD．seven
小題2:Black bears have a good sense of _________.
A．hearingB．smellC．eyesightD．taste
小題3:Which of the following statements is RIGHT?
A．Black bears sleep through the winter months.
B．Black bears can live up to 30 years old.
C．Black bears are the smallest bears in the world.
D．Most black bears live in a group.
小題4:What does the underlined word “enemies” refer to?
A．Black bears’ enemies.B．Black bears.
C．Other large animals.D．American bears.
小題5:We cannot read the passage ___________.
A．in a newspaperB．on the Internet
C．in a bookD．in an advertisement

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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Making of roads
During the war，President Eisenhower noticed what good roads Germany had．He decided to build new four-lane(四車道)roads in America．He said if something happened suddenly，the two-lane roads wouldn’t be able to carry all the cars that would suddenly leave the cities．Car and oil companies liked his idea and building started．
Car lover
Not just teenagers are crazy about cars．Some Americans love their cars so much that they paint their cars beautifully .These are called Art Cars．Every April there is an activity in Houston，Texas，where they show their cars．
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Cars have polluted the environment．American President Bush refused a worldwide law that is against pollution．Many countries were angry about it．Bush said he had to think of the American economy(經(jīng)濟(jì))and all the American people that make money from cars．Factories say they want to make cars that pollute less．But others say making cars that pollute less will never be as good as having fewer cars．
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A．Before the new two-lane roads were built．
B．After World War II．
C．During World War II．
D．Before World War II．
小題2:New four-1ane roads were build _______.
A．in GermanyB．by car and oil companies
C．in AmericaD．when something suddenly happened
小題3:The underlined word “building” here means “the building of _______”． 
A．companiesB．soldiers’ livesC．housesD．roads
小題4:What were other countries’ feelings about Bush’s decision?  
A．They agreed with him．B．They showed anger to it．
C．They paid no attention to it.D．The passage doesn’t tell us.
小題5:What does the last sentence  mean? 
A．It’s better to have fewer cars．
B．It’s better to make cars that pollute less．
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀理解
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Chapter                                                            Page
One       A Dog’s Life  ..........................................3
Two      A Lucky Pilot(飛機(jī)師)  ................... ..............14
Three    High Wire Act(走鋼絲)  .................... .............33
Four   Fat Men  ............................................... 41
Five     Over the Falls  .........................................43
Six      A House without an end  ................... .............53
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Eight  The Tower Builder  ....................... ..............85
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A．2B．3C．4D．6
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A．1B．3C．5D．6
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Do you live in a city? Do you know how cities began? Long long ago, the world had only a few thousand people. These people moved from one place to another. They moved over the land, hunting animals for food.
No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they did， their lives changed. They did not have to look for food any longer. They could stay in one place and grow it. People began to live near one another, so the first village was established. Many people came to work in the villages, and these villages became even larger.
When machines appeared, life in the villages changed again. People built factories. More and more people lived near the factories. The cities began.
Today, it’s strange that some people are moving back to small villages. Can you tell me why?
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷正(T)誤(F)。
小題1:People moved from place to place to hunt animals.
小題2:The story says,“No one knows how or when these people learned about growing food. But when they did, their lives changed.” In this sentence, the word “they” means people.
小題3: When machines appeared, life in the cities changed again.
小題4: All people like to live only in very big cities.
小題5: People built factories after the cities grew big.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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The car has become popular in the United States. The Americans like to move around in cars. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.
小題1:In the United States ____.
A．only rich people have cars
B．no poor people have cars
C．most people have cars
D．only a few people have beautiful cars
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A．He was one of the famous car makers
B．He was the most popular man in the USA
C．He was the richest man in the USA
D．He was the first car maker in American history
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B. There are a lot of cars everywhere in the USA . 
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D. Every family more or less has a car.
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A．cars are cheaper in the USA
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A Simple Scientific Experiment
Below is a description of a single scientific experiment. It shows us how iron reacts ( 反應(yīng)) with air and with water.
Aim : To find out if iron rusts( 生銹) (a) in dry air ; (b) in water that has no air in it ( air- free water) ; (c) in ordinary water.
Materials : 3 clean iron nails ( 鐵釘) ; test tubes ; test tube holder ; cotton wool ; oil ; Bunsen burner.
Iron in dry air
Method
(1)Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube.
(2)Push some cotton wool down the tube.
(3)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
After one week, the nails have not rusted.
Conclusion
Iron does not rust in dry air.
Iron in air-free water
Method
(1)Half-fill a test tube with water.
(2)Boil the water for three minutes. (This makes sure there is no air in the water.
(3)Put two or three clean nails in the water.
(4)Add some oil to the water. (This will keep air out of the water.)
(5) Leave the tube for one week.
Result
The nails do not rust in the tube with air-free water.
Conclusion
Iron does not rust in air- free water.
Iron in ordinary water
Method
(1)Half –fill a test tube with water and add two or three clean nails.
(2)Leave the tube for one week.
Result
The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.
Conclusion
Iron rusts in ordinary water. (238 words)
小題1:In the first part of the experiment the cotton wool is most probably used to ______________.
A．keep the air dryB．keep the tube wet
C．make the nails rustD．keep the tube clean
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①Leave half a tube of water in it              
②Boil the water for some time
③Put some clean iron nails in the tube           
④Add some oil to the water
A．①②B．①③C．②③D．②④
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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A．in spaceB．in the atmosphere
C．a(chǎn)bove the groundD．a(chǎn)bove space
小題2:Why do we use the weather satellites to take pictures of the atmosphere? Because___________.
A．the weather satellites can do it easily
B．clouds form there
C．the weather forms there
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A．when they have received satellite pictures
B．a(chǎn)fter they have compared new satellite pictures with earlier ones
C．before they receive satellite pictures
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A．one dayB．two daysC．five daysD．seven days or even longer
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A．taking pictures of the atmosphere
B．receiving pictures of the atmosphere
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


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If you look at children, you’ll see great different between what we call “bright” children and “non-bright” children. They are actually two different kinds of people, not just the some kind with different amount of intelligence. For example, the bright child really wants to find out about life-he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world: he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.
小題1:According to this passage, intelligence is the ability to _______.
A．get some high scores on some tests
B．do well in school
C．deal with life
D．have a lot of book knowledge
小題2:In a new situation，an intelligent person________．
A．knows more about what might happen to him
B．is sure of the result he will get
C．cares more about himself
D．keeps his mind on what to do about the situation
小題3:An intelligent person______sure how it will all work out.
A．is alwaysB．is never
C．may not beD．is hardly
小題4:If an intelligent person failed，he would_______．
A．try not to feel ashamedB．learn from his mistakes
C．try to find all he couldD．make sure what result he would get
小題5:Bright children and non-bright children________．
A．a(chǎn)re two different types of children
B．a(chǎn)re different mainly in their degree of cleverness
C．have difference only in their way of thinking
D．have different knowledge about the world

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